scholarly journals Comparative assessment of immunochromatography and ELISA diagnostic tests for HBsAg detection in PCR-confirmed HBV infection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Navvabi ◽  
M.H. Khadem Ansari ◽  
A. Navvabi ◽  
H.R. Chalipa ◽  
F. Zitricky
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Hbsag Detection

scholarly journals Recent advances in understanding and diagnosing hepatitis B virus infection

F1000Research ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 2243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slim Fourati ◽  
Jean-Michel Pawlotsky
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Immune Modulation ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Sodium Taurocholate ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Hbsag Detection ◽  
B Virus

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infects approximately 240 million individuals worldwide. Recent advances in the virology, immunopathogenesis, and diagnosis of HBV infection are summarized in this review article. The identification of a hepatocyte-specific cellular receptor for HBV, the sodium taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide (NTCP), made it possible to develop reliable cell culture systems and better understand the early steps of the viral lifecycle. Viral and host factors involved in covalently closed circular DNA synthesis, stability, and transcriptional regulation have also been identified and provide potential targets for new drugs. Based on recent evidence showing trained immunity in immune-tolerant patients, the immune tolerance and immune clearance phases have been renamed the non-inflammatory and inflammatory phases, respectively. New diagnostic and monitoring tools are now available, including rapid diagnostic tests for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) detection, HBsAg quantification assays, anti-HBc antibody quantification assays, an HBV core-related antigen (HBcrAg) quantification test, new HBV DNA detection and quantification assays, and an HBV RNA quantification test. Their clinical utility is under study. Finally, new antiviral and immune modulation approaches are in the preclinical or early clinical developmental stages, with the goal to achieve functional cure or ideally (if possible) eradication of HBV infection.

scholarly journals Prenatal care: missed opportunity for HBV prevention in women of childbearing age in rural Senegal

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Djaogol ◽  
M Coste ◽  
F Marcellin ◽  
A Diallo ◽  
P Carrieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
General Knowledge ◽  
Women Of Childbearing Age ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Chronic Hbv Infection ◽  
Hbsag Detection ◽  
Chronic Hbv ◽  
Hbv Screening

Abstract Background Perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) constitutes an important risk in highly endemic countries including Senegal. Although the prevalence of chronic HBV infection is estimated at 11% in this country, specific data on women of childbearing age are sorely lacking. We described in this study the prevalence of the HBV antigen (HbsAg) in women of childbearing age in rural Senegal, as well as general knowledge on HBV and hepatitis B status awareness. Methods A cross-sectional study including HBV screening was conducted at home in the rural Niakhar area. Chronic HBV infection was determined through HBsAg detection using dried blood spots. Socio-demographic and behavioral data were collected through standardized face-to-face questionnaires. The analyzes included 368 women aged 15-49 (67% married; 65% with at least 1 child) enrolled from October 2018 to March 2019. Results Preliminary results show that 49 women (13%) had positive HBsAg. Only 68 women (18%) have already heard about HBV. Among them, 53% knew that there exists an HBV vaccine and 78%, 75% and 67% correctly answered that HBV can be transmitted through blood contact, childbirth and sexual intercourse, respectively. Among the 233 (63%) women who had already given birth, 76% had attended at least 4 antenatal care sessions and 74% had given birth in a healthcare facility for their last pregnancy. However, only 1% reported to have already been screened for HBV. Main reasons reported for not having been screened were having never heard about this test (80%) and not having been offered screening during antenatal care sessions (10%). Conclusions General knowledge and awareness of HBV status are particularly low in women of childbearing age living in rural Senegal, despite high antenatal care sessions attendance. Given the high prevalence of chronic HBV infection found in this population, it is urgent to ensure systematic HVB screening and to provide adequate information to women during pregnancy. Key messages The prevalence of chronic HBV is high in women of childbearing age in Senegal. National recommendations for women attending antenatal care sessions should include HBV screening and counselling.

scholarly journals Novel HBsAg markers tightly correlate with occult HBV infection and strongly affect HBsAg detection

2012 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Svicher ◽  
Valeria Cento ◽  
Martina Bernassola ◽  
Maria Neumann-Fraune ◽  
Formijn Van Hemert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Occult Hbv Infection ◽  
Occult Hbv ◽  
Hbsag Detection

scholarly journals Global Occurrence of Clinically Relevant Hepatitis B Virus Variants as Found by Analysis of Publicly Available Sequencing Data

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stoyan Velkov ◽  
Ulrike Protzer ◽  
Thomas Michler
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Core Promoter ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Basal Core Promoter ◽  
Genotype Distribution ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Hbv Variants ◽  
Geographical Locations

Several viral factors impact the natural course of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, the sensitivity of diagnostic tests, or treatment response to interferon-α and nucleos(t)ide analogues. These factors include the viral genotype and serotype but also mutations affecting the HBV surface antigen, basal core promoter/pre-core region, or reverse transcriptase. However, a comprehensive overview of the distribution of HBV variants between HBV genotypes or different geographical locations is lacking. To address this, we performed an in silico analysis of publicly available HBV full-length genome sequences. We found that not only the serotype frequency but also the majority of clinically relevant mutations are primarily associated with specific genotypes. Distinct mutations enriched in certain world regions are not explained by the local genotype distribution. Two HBV variants previously identified to confer resistance to the nucleotide analogue tenofovir in vitro were not identified, questioning their translational relevance. In summary, our work elucidates the differences in the clinical manifestation of HBV infection observed between genotypes and geographical locations and furthermore helps identify suitable diagnostic tests and therapies.

392 SPECIFIC HBSAG GENETIC-DETERMINANTS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH OCCULT HBV-INFECTION IN VIVO AND HBSAG-DETECTION

2011 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. S157 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Svicher ◽  
V. Cento ◽  
M. Bernassola ◽  
M. Neumann-Fraune ◽  
R. Salpini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Genetic Determinants ◽  
Occult Hbv Infection ◽  
Occult Hbv ◽  
Hbsag Detection

Images of Aging in the Psychotherapeutic Context

GeroPsych ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva-Marie Kessler ◽  
Catherine E. Bowen
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Developmental Psychology ◽  
Mental Representations ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Psychotherapeutic Process ◽  
Images Of Aging ◽  
Client Communication

Both psychotherapists and their clients have mental representations of old age and the aging process. In this conceptual review, we draw on available research from gerontology, social and developmental psychology, and communication science to consider how these “images of aging” may affect the psychotherapeutic process with older clients. On the basis of selected empirical findings we hypothesize that such images may affect the pathways to psychotherapy in later life, therapist-client communication, client performance on diagnostic tests as well as how therapists select and apply a therapeutic method. We posit that interventions to help both older clients and therapists to reflect on their own images of aging may increase the likelihood of successful treatment. We conclude by making suggestions for future research.

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