Cannibalism rate and mLeptin expression are influenced by photoperiod and diets in Piracanjuba, Brycon orbignyanus (Valenciennes, 1850) larvae

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Gilmar da Silva Souza ◽  
Moises Silvestre de Azevedo Martins ◽  
Mariana Almeida Torquete ◽  
Marcos Ferrante ◽  
Ana Paula Peconick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cannibalism Rate

scholarly journals Does Addition of Perch Larvae as Prey Affect the Growth, Development and Cannibalism Rate of Pikeperch Larvae?

Fishes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurore Cortay ◽  
Tatiana Colchen ◽  
Pascal Fontaine ◽  
Alain Pasquet
Keyword(s):  
Group Structure ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Perca Fluviatilis ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Live Prey ◽  
Cultured Fish ◽  
Cannibalism Rate ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
Size Heterogeneity ◽  
Group Structures

Cannibalism occurs in many cultured fish species, especially at the larval and juvenile stages of piscivorous taxa. In farmed percid species, such as pikeperch (Sander lucioperca), intra-cohort cannibalism is a major issue inducing significant losses of the initial stocking density during the first weeks of rearing. Therefore, the present study was designed to investigate the effects of perch larvae (Perca fluviatilis) as live prey on growth, survival and cannibalism in pikeperch larvae under experimental conditions. Additionally, zootechnical and behavioural variables linked to aggressiveness (S postures, attacks, bites and ingestion), and group structures were considered. The survival rate was not different between the two groups (72% with prey vs. 69% without prey), but the cannibalism rate was higher in the group with the prey (28% vs. 10%). The means of final weight and length of pikeperch larvae were higher in the group fed with perch larvae, but size heterogeneity measured by the coefficients of variation for these two parameters did not differ. The specific growth rate was higher in the group fed with perch larvae, but there was no difference between the two groups concerning Fulton’s condition factor. Among all the behavioural variables (aggressiveness, group structure), none differed between the two groups.

Interstrain differences for larval dispersal and egg cannibalism in the flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum

1984 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 420-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A. Mayes ◽  
DuWayne C. Englert
Keyword(s):  
Tribolium Castaneum ◽  
Quantitative Genetics ◽  
Larval Dispersal ◽  
Exposure Period ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Interstrain Differences ◽  
Flour Beetle ◽  
Egg Cannibalism ◽  
Genetic Strains ◽  
Cannibalism Rate

Egg cannibalism rates and degree of dispersal were examined for 14-day-old larvae of two genetic strains, wild type (+) and antennapedia (ap), of Tribolium castaneum in fractionable shell vials. Forty-eight treatment combinations of fixed placement levels for eggs (top, middle, bottom, and random) and larvae (top, middle, and bottom) were tested for each strain in three replicates. Following a 24-h treatment exposure period, measurements of egg cannibalism and larval position revealed that + larvae tended to disperse toward the bottom regardless of original placement position or egg type, while ap larvae tended to remain near the original placement position. Overall larval dispersal was affected by egg position. Egg cannibalism rate was higher for + larvae than ap larvae, and some degree of ap egg preference was exhibited by + larvae. No similar opposite genotype preference was exhibited by ap larvae.Key words: cannibalism, behavior, quantitative genetics, Tribolium.

scholarly journals Capturing, induced spawning, and first feeding of wild-caught Pseudopimelodus mangurus, an endangered catfish species

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 440-445
Author(s):  
Dilberto Ribeiro Arashiro ◽  
George Shigueki Yasui ◽  
Leonardo Luiz Calado ◽  
Nivaldo Ferreira Do Nascimento ◽  
Silvio Carlos Alves do Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Production ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Hatching Rate ◽  
Prochilodus Lineatus ◽  
Endangered Fish ◽  
Fertilization Rates ◽  
First Feeding ◽  
Final Length ◽  
Cannibalism Rate

This study aimed to describe a procedure for sampling, reproduction, and first feeding of the Neotropical catfish Pseudopimelodus mangurus, an endangered fish species. Wild adult P. mangurus specimens were collected in the Mogi Guassu River and subsequently induced to spawn in laboratory conditions. After hand-stripping, the females, the average weight of the oocytes was 143 ± 1.6 g, with a fecundity of 718 ± 49.8 oocytes g-1. The diameter of the oocytes non-hydrated was 1,226.3 ± 47.7 μm to 1,761.2 ± 26.4 μm after hydration. The fertilization rates were 98.00 ± 0.63%, and the hatching rate was 68.94 ± 11.83%. The first feeding was made three days post-hatching with six different treatments, in which the best results arose with sequential feeding with Artemia nauplii, Astyanax altiparanae and Prochilodus lineatus larvae. This condition resulted in a final length of 2,012.7 ± 44.8 μm by the 10th day of the experiment, higher survival (65 ± 0.9%) and lower cannibalism rate (14 ± 0.3%). The data obtained in this study is important for the establishment of reproductive biotechniques, mass production of P. mangurus, and future establishment of ex-situ GenBank.

scholarly journals Males of the orb-web spider Argiope bruennichi sacrifice themselves to unrelated females

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 585-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaas W. Welke ◽  
Jutta M. Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Paternal Care ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Selective Pressure ◽  
Mating Behaviour ◽  
Copulation Duration ◽  
Female Fecundity ◽  
Web Spider ◽  
Orb Web ◽  
Cannibalism Rate ◽  
Orb Web Spiders

Costs of inbreeding can lead to total reproductive failure and inbreeding avoidance is, therefore, common. In classical sex roles with no paternal care, the selective pressure to avoid inbreeding is mostly on the female, which carries the higher costs. In some orb-web spiders, this situation is very different because females are polyandrous and males are monogynous or at most bigynous. Additionally, females of many entelegyne orb weavers are thought to bias paternity post-copulatorily towards a desired mate. This increases the selective pressure on males to adjust their investment in a mating with regard to the compatibility to a female. Here, we examine whether genetic relatedness influences mating behaviour in the orb-web spider Argiope bruennichi . We mated either a sibling or a non-sibling male to a female in single copulation trials and compared copulation duration, cannibalism rate and female fecundity. Our experiment revealed that males prolonged their copulation duration and were cannibalized more frequently when mating with a non-sibling female. Males mating with a sibling female were more likely to escape cannibalism by copulating briefly, thus presumably increasing their chances of re-mating with a more compatible female. This suggests that males can adaptively adjust their investment relating to the compatibility of a female.

Interactions between leaf-cutter ants and fungus garden: Effects of division of labor, age polyethism, and egg cannibalism

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marisabel Rodriguez Rodriguez ◽  
Nathan Smith ◽  
Tin Phan ◽  
Jonathan Woodbury ◽  
Yun Kang
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Division Of Labor ◽  
Interaction Model ◽  
Species Interaction ◽  
Conflict Behavior ◽  
Age Polyethism ◽  
Functional Responses ◽  
Egg Cannibalism ◽  
Oscillatory Dynamics ◽  
Cannibalism Rate

Division of labor (DOL), age polyethism, and egg cannibalism all play roles in shaping colony-level population dynamics in social insect colonies. The ways in which these mechanisms interact with one another to shape population dynamics is not currently understood. In this study, we examine how these mechanisms influence population dynamics in colonies of fungus-gardening leaf-cutter ants by developing and studying two sets of models: (1) We study age polyethism contribution to the dynamics of this multi-species interaction model which incorporates mechanisms of DOL; (2) We explore effects of egg cannibalism in colony dynamics and understand how to model such social conflict behavior realistically using different functional responses. Our results suggest that: (a) Age polyethism is important to keep stable population dynamics. (b) Large maturation rate and mortality rate of inside workers induce colony death. (c) Small enough egg cannibalism rate benefits adult worker ant’s growth and (or) development, large proportion of ants performing a given task can promote colony survival, and too large egg cannibalism rate can lead to colony’s death. (d) Increasing energy invested on brood care and (or) the conversion rate between fungus and ants could induce oscillatory dynamics in models with cannibalism.

scholarly journals Effect of feeding frequency on growth, feed utilisation and cannibalism in climbing perch Anabas testudineus (Bloch 1792) fry

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lipsha Dash ◽  
Rajesh Kumar ◽  
K.N. Mohanta ◽  
U.L. Mohanty ◽  
Bindu R. Pillai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Frequency ◽  
Anabas Testudineus ◽  
Climbing Perch ◽  
Survival Percentage ◽  
Feed Utilisation ◽  
Cannibalism Rate ◽  
Pellet Feed ◽  
Weight Gain Percentage ◽  
Effect Of Feeding ◽  
The Ideal

A 35 days experiment was conducted to study the effect of different feeding frequencies on growth and feed utilisation in climbing perch Anabas testudineus (Bloch 1792) fry. Four different feeding frequencies in triplicate viz., 2 (T1), 3 (T2), 4 (T3) and 5 (T4) times a day were evaluated. Fry (144 nos.) of climbing perch were randomly distributed in 12 glass aquaria (50 l) containing 25 l of filtered and well aerated freshwater. Formulated pellet feed was prepared and fed @ 6% body weight to all the experimental groups at different feeding frequencies as mentioned above. At the end of the experiment, fishes were sampled to determine weight gain percentage (WG %), specific growth rate (SGR), food conversion ratio (FCR), protein efficiency ratio (PER), survival percentage (%) and partial cannibalism rate (%). Results revealed that the WG% (112.80±2.25), PER (1.65±0.03) and SGR (2.15±0.03) were significantly higher (p<0.05) in T3 group. FCR (1.55±0.03) was lowest in T3 group. Partial cannibalism rate (%) was significantly higher (p<0.05) in the treatment group T1 (6.33±0.88) whereas the survival rate (%) was lowest in T1 (91.66±4.81). The results therefore, indicated that feeding frequency of 4 times a day (T3) could be the ideal feeding frequency for better growth and feed utilisation during fry rearing of climbing perch.

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