Genetic resources of bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl.] and citron watermelon (Citrullus lanatus var. citroides (L.H. Bailey) Mansf. ex Greb.): implications for genetic improvement, product development and commercialization: a review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Mashilo ◽  
Hussein Shimelis ◽  
Richard Mantlo Ngwepe
Keyword(s):  
Product Development ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Bottle Gourd ◽  
Lagenaria Siceraria

scholarly journals Progress on Genetic Improvement and Analysis of Bottle Gourd [Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl.] for Agronomic Traits, Nutrient Compositions, and Stress Tolerance: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phumzile Mkhize ◽  
Jacob Mashilo ◽  
Hussein Shimelis
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Bottle Gourd ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Lagenaria Siceraria ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stress

Bottle gourd [Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl.] is an important multi-purpose cucurbit crop grown for its leaf, fruit, and seed. It is widely cultivated and used for human consumption in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) providing vital human nutrition and serving as food security crop. There is wide genetic variation among bottle gourd genetic resources in Africa for diverse qualitative and quantitative attributes for effective variety design, product development, and marketing. However, the crop is under- researched and -utilized, and improved varieties are yet to be developed and commercialized in the region. Therefore, the objective of this review is to provide the progress on bottle gourd genetic improvement and genetic analysis targeting agronomic and horticultural attributes, nutritional composition, biotic, and abiotic stress tolerance to guide current and future cultivar development, germplasm access, and conservation in SSA. The first section of the paper presents progress on breeding of bottle gourd for horticultural traits, agronomic performance, nutritional and anti-nutritional composition, and biotic and abiotic stress tolerance. This is followed by important highlights on key genetic resources of cultivated and wild bottle gourd for demand driven breeding. Lastly, the review summaries advances in bottle gourd genomics, genetic engineering and genome editing. Information presented in this paper should aid bottle gourd breeders and agronomists to develop and deploy new generation and promising varieties with farmer- and market -preferred attributes.

scholarly journals Evaluating Cucurbit Rootstocks to Prevent Disease Caused by Pythium aphanidermatum and P. myriotylum on Watermelon

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
pp. 3019-3025
Author(s):  
Sean M. Toporek ◽  
Anthony P. Keinath
Keyword(s):  
Interspecific Hybrid ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Bottle Gourd ◽  
Stem Rot ◽  
Lagenaria Siceraria ◽  
Cucurbita Maxima ◽  
Pythium Species ◽  
Seedless Watermelon ◽  
Marketable Fruit

Pythium species cause root and stem rot in watermelon (Citrullus lanatus), but cucurbit rootstocks used to graft watermelon have not been evaluated for resistance. P. aphanidermatum and P. myriotylum were inoculated onto 15 nongrafted watermelon, citron (Citrullus amarus), bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria), and interspecific hybrid squash (Cucurbita maxima × C. moschata) cultivars in a growth chamber. Watermelon was more susceptible than bottle gourd and interspecific hybrid squash at 20 and 30°C. Twenty-one cultivars were inoculated in a field with an equal blend of both Pythium species. Interspecific hybrid squash was less susceptible than bottle gourd and watermelon in 2018 and 2019. Seedless watermelon cultivar Tri-X 313 was grafted to one citron, one bottle gourd, and three interspecific hybrid squash rootstocks. Plants were inoculated in the field as described. Grafting to interspecific hybrid squash rootstocks reduced disease incidence compared with nongrafted controls in 2018 and 2019. Mefenoxam and propamocarb applied at transplanting did not affect disease compared with non-fungicide-treated plots. Grafting to interspecific hybrid squash Camelforce significantly increased total and marketable fruit numbers and total weight in 2019 compared with the nongrafted control. In summary, interspecific hybrid squash was consistently resistant to Pythium, demonstrating resistance and utility in watermelon grafting.

scholarly journals Grafting for Management of Southern Root-Knot Nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, in Watermelon

Plant Disease ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 94 (10) ◽  
pp. 1195-1199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judy A. Thies ◽  
Jennifer J. Ariss ◽  
Richard L. Hassell ◽  
Steve Olson ◽  
Chandrasekar S. Kousik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Bottle Gourd ◽  
Cucurbita Moschata ◽  
Lagenaria Siceraria ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Root Knot Nematodes ◽  
Germplasm Line ◽  
Southern Root Knot Nematode

Four bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) cultivars, one squash (Cucurbita moschata × C. maxima) hybrid, five wild watermelon (Citrullus lanatus var. citroides) germplasm lines, and one commercial wild watermelon (C. lanatus var. citroides) cultivar were evaluated as rootstocks for cultivated watermelon (C. lanatus var. lanatus) in fields infested with the southern root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) in Charleston, SC in 2007 and 2008, and in Quincy, FL in 2008. Commercial watermelon ‘Fiesta’ (diploid seeded) and ‘Tri-X 313’ (triploid seedless) scions were grafted onto the rootstocks in 2007 and 2008, respectively. In 2007, the plants grafted on rootstock from the wild watermelon germplasm line RKVL 318 had significantly less (P < 0.05) root galling than nongrafted ‘Fiesta’ watermelon or plants with the squash hybrid or bottle gourd rootstocks. In 2008, ‘Fiesta’ plants with rootstocks from all five wild watermelon germplasm lines and the commercial watermelon rootstock had significantly less (P < 0.05) root galling than plants with the squash hybrid or bottle gourd rootstocks. Root galling of the squash hybrid and bottle gourd rootstocks was severe (78 to 99%) in both years. Root galling for nongrafted ‘Fiesta’ and ‘Tri-X 313’ watermelon was 36 and 50%, respectively. Root galling for the wild watermelon germplasm lines ranged from 11 to 34% and 36 to 44% in 2007 and 2008, respectively. Wild watermelon germplasm lines derived from C. lanatus var. citroides were identified that may be useful as resistant rootstocks for managing root-knot nematodes in watermelon.

scholarly journals Powdery Mildew Resistant Rootstocks that Impart Tolerance to Grafted Susceptible Watermelon Scion Seedlings

Plant Disease ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 102 (7) ◽  
pp. 1290-1298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandrasekar S. Kousik ◽  
Mihir Mandal ◽  
Richard Hassell
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
The United States ◽  
Bottle Gourd ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Podosphaera Xanthii ◽  
Lagenaria Siceraria ◽  
True Leaf

Powdery mildew (PM) is a major foliar disease causing serious economic losses of cucurbit crops grown in the United States. The pathogen Podosphaera xanthii, which causes PM, is known to infect seedlings, stems, foliage, petioles, and fruit of cucurbit crops. In recent years, grafting watermelon on resistant rootstocks for managing soilborne diseases has been gaining popularity in the U.S.A. However, grafting for managing foliar diseases has not yet received adequate attention. Three greenhouse experiments were conducted during the summer months of 2012, 2013, and 2014 to determine if PM-resistant rootstocks could impart resistance to a susceptible watermelon scion. Susceptible watermelon scion ‘Mickey Lee’ seedlings were grafted onto 25 watermelon (Citrullus lanatus, C. amarus, C. mucosospermus) and four bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) rootstocks. Grafted plants were inoculated with a 2 × 104 conidia ml−1 suspension of P. xanthii conidia and disease severity was rated 14 days after inoculation. Mickey Lee grafted on six PM-resistant watermelon rootstocks had significantly (P ≤ 0.05) lower PM severity on cotyledons, 2nd true leaf, and upper leaves (rating for 3rd to 7th or 8th true leaf) compared with Mickey Lee grafted on susceptible watermelon USVL677-PMS or bottle gourd USVL848-PMS rootstocks. However, some of the resistant watermelon rootstocks did not impart significant resistance to the scion. The resistant bottle gourd rootstocks USVL482-PMR and USVL351-PMR provided significantly greater levels of resistance, compared with many of the resistant watermelon rootstocks. Grafting watermelon on resistant rootstocks may help mitigate the effects of PM on susceptible scion seedlings.

scholarly journals A New Grafting Method for Watermelon to Inhibit Rootstock Regrowth and Enhance Scion Growth

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 812
Author(s):  
Changjin Liu ◽  
Weiguo Lin ◽  
Chongran Feng ◽  
Xiangshuai Wu ◽  
Xiaohu Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Bottle Gourd ◽  
New Method ◽  
Plant Management ◽  
Lagenaria Siceraria ◽  
Manual Removal ◽  
Labor Inputs ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Grafting Methods

Grafting is a widely used technique in watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) production. However, cost of grafted seedlings is generally high as a result of intensive labor inputs for propagation using traditional grafting methods such as the manual removal of rootstock regrowth. This study developed a new grafting tool to physically remove the epidermis of pumpkin (C. maxima × C. moschata) and bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) rootstock cotyledon base during grafting; we called this a new grafting method. Compared with the traditional grafting, the new grafting method significantly decreased the pumpkin rootstock regrowth rate from 100% to 8% in hole insertion and 2% in one cotyledon grafting, respectively. These attenuated rates for bottle gourd rootstock regrowth were 23% and 9% in hole insertion and one cotyledon grafting, respectively. The scion dry weights of new hole insertion and one cotyledon grafting were increased by 78% and 74% when pumpkin was used as rootstock as compared with traditional grafting without regrown rootstock removal, while the respective values were 33% and 17% in bottle gourd rootstock grafted plants. In addition, the time used for the new hole insertion grafting method to physically remove the epidermis of pumpkin rootstock cotyledon base was significantly shorter than the time required to remove the rootstock regrowth manually three times in the traditional grafting (4.2 s/plant vs. 9.3 s/plant). Similar results were also observed in the new one cotyledon grafting (4.2 s/plant vs. 8.8 s/plant). Taken together, this study presents a new method in watermelon grafting to reduce rootstock regrowth, therefore benefiting both scion growth and plant management, thus the development of this new method is clearly useful in watermelon production.

Gastrointestinal toxicity due to bitter bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria)─a report of 15 cases

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 233-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh Puri ◽  
Randhir Sud ◽  
Abdul Khaliq ◽  
Mandhir Kumar ◽  
Sanjay Jain
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Toxicity ◽  
Bottle Gourd ◽  
Lagenaria Siceraria
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document