Sociodemographic and clinical correlates of psychotic symptoms in the general population: Findings from the MHGP survey

2018 ◽  
Vol 193 ◽  
pp. 336-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baptiste Pignon ◽  
Franck Schürhoff ◽  
Andrei Szöke ◽  
Pierre A. Geoffroy ◽  
Renaud Jardri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Correlates

A latent class analysis of psychotic symptoms in the general population

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 573-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baptiste Pignon ◽  
Hugo Peyre ◽  
Andrei Szöke ◽  
Pierre A Geoffroy ◽  
Benjamin Rolland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Latent Class Analysis ◽  
Mental Health Treatment ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Social Deprivation ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Class Analysis ◽  
Clinical Correlates ◽  
High Prevalence

Objective: Individuals with psychotic symptoms may actually correspond to various subgroups, characterized by different patterns of psychotic symptoms as well as specific sociodemographic and clinical correlates. We aimed to identify groups of individuals from the general population with specific patterns of psychotic symptoms. Methods: In a 38,694-subject survey, a latent class analysis was performed to identify subgroups based on the distribution of seven psychotic symptoms taken from the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. The different classes were subsequently compared according to sociodemographic and clinical correlates. Results: The best fit was obtained with a four-class solution, including the following: (1) a class with a low prevalence of all psychotic symptoms (‘LOW’, 85.9%); (2) a class with a high prevalence of all psychotic symptoms (‘HAL + DEL’, 1.7%); and classes with a high prevalence of (3) hallucinations (‘HAL’, 4.5%) or (4) delusions (‘DEL’, 7.9%). The HAL + DEL class displayed higher rates of history of trauma, social deprivation and migrant status, while the HAL and DEL classes displayed intermediate rates between HAL + DEL and LOW. HAL + DEL displayed the highest rates of psychotic and non-psychotic disorders and the use of mental health treatment, while HAL and DEL displayed intermediate rates of these disorders between HAL + DEL and LOW. In comparison to the HAL class, psychotic and substance use disorders were more frequent in the DEL class, while anxiety and mood disorders were less frequent. Conclusion: These findings support the hypothesis of a continuum model relating the level of psychotic symptoms to the level of global psychopathology.

Methamphetamine use and psychotic symptoms: findings from a New Zealand longitudinal birth cohort

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Joseph M. Boden ◽  
James A. Foulds ◽  
Giles Newton-Howes ◽  
Rebecca McKetin
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
General Population ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Methamphetamine Use ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Psychosis Risk

Abstract Background This study examined the association between methamphetamine use and psychotic symptoms in a New Zealand general population birth cohort (n = 1265 at birth). Methods At age 18, 21, 25, 30, and 35, participants reported on their methamphetamine use and psychotic symptoms in the period since the previous interview. Generalized estimating equations modelled the association between methamphetamine use and psychotic symptoms (percentage reporting any symptom, and number of symptoms per participant). Confounding factors included childhood individual characteristics, family socioeconomic circumstances and family functioning. Long term effects of methamphetamine use on psychotic symptoms were assessed by comparing the incidence of psychotic symptoms at age 30–35 for those with and without a history of methamphetamine use prior to age 30. Results After adjusting for confounding factors and time-varying covariate factors including concurrent cannabis use, methamphetamine use was associated with a modest increase in psychosis risk over five waves of data (adjusted odds ratio (OR) 1.33, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03–1.72 for the percentage measure; and IRR 1.24, 95% CI 1.02–1.50 for the symptom count measure). The increased risk of psychotic symptoms was concentrated among participants who had used at least weekly at any point (adjusted OR 2.85, 95% CI 1.21–6.69). Use of methamphetamine less than weekly was not associated with increased psychosis risk. We found no evidence for a persistent vulnerability to psychosis in the absence of continuing methamphetamine use. Conclusion Methamphetamine use is associated with increased risk of psychotic symptoms in the general population. Increased risk is chiefly confined to people who ever used regularly (at least weekly), and recently.

Poster #60 PSYCHOTIC-LIKE EXPERIENCES, PSYCHOTIC SYMPTOMS AND CLINICAL CORRELATES IN PREADOLESCENT CHILDREN IN THE CCC2000 BIRTH COHORT STUDY

2012 ◽  
Vol 136 ◽  
pp. S207
Author(s):  
Pia leppesen ◽  
Lars Clemmensen ◽  
Anja Munkholm ◽  
Charlotte Eberhardt ◽  
Else M. Olsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Clinical Correlates ◽  
Preadolescent Children

scholarly journals Psychotic symptoms in the general population – an evolutionary perspective

2010 ◽  
Vol 197 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Kelleher ◽  
Jack A. Jenner ◽  
Mary Cannon
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Clinical Research ◽  
Clinical Phenotype ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Evolutionary Perspective ◽  
Evolutionary Context ◽  
Research Population

SummaryOur ideas about the intrinsically pathological nature of hallucinations and delusions are being challenged by findings from epidemiology, neuroimaging and clinical research. Population-based studies using both self-report and interview surveys show that the prevalence of psychotic symptoms is far greater than had been previously considered, prompting us to re-evaluate these psychotic symptoms and their meaning in an evolutionary context. This non-clinical phenotype may hold the key to understanding the persistence of psychosis in the population. From a neuroscientific point of view, detailed investigation of the non-clinical psychosis phenotype should provide novel leads for research into the aetiology, nosology and treatment of psychosis.

scholarly journals Depression with and without a history of psychotic symptoms in the general population: sociodemographic and clinical characteristics

2020 ◽  
Vol 273 ◽  
pp. 247-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoire BENARD ◽  
Baptiste PIGNON ◽  
Pierre A. GEOFFROY ◽  
Imane BENRADIA ◽  
Jean-Luc ROELANDT ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Self-Reported Psychotic Symptoms in the General Population: Correlates in an Iranian Urban Area

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 374-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vandad Sharifi ◽  
Jafar Bakhshaie ◽  
Zeinab Hatmi ◽  
Lida Faghih-Nasiri ◽  
Zahra Sadeghianmehr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms

Police Violence among Adults Diagnosed with Mental Disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-89
Author(s):  
Hyun-Jin Jun ◽  
Jordan E DeVylder ◽  
Lisa Fedina
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
General Population ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Severe Mental Illness ◽  
Violence Exposure ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Police Violence ◽  
Mental Health Conditions

Abstract Police violence is reportedly common among those diagnosed with mental disorders characterized by the presence of psychotic symptoms or pronounced emotional lability. Despite the perception that people with mental illness are disproportionately mistreated by the police, there is relatively little empirical research on this topic. A cross-sectional general population survey was administered online in 2017 to 1,000 adults in two eastern U.S. cities to examine the relationship between police violence exposure, mental disorders, and crime involvement. Results from hierarchical logistic regression and mediation analyses revealed that a range of mental health conditions are broadly associated with elevated risk for police violence exposure. Individuals with severe mental illness are more likely than the general population to be physically victimized by police, regardless of their involvement in criminal activities. Most of the excess risk of police violence exposure related to common psychiatric diagnoses was explained by confounding factors including crime involvement. However, crime involvement may necessitate more police contact, but does not necessarily justify victimization or excessive force (particularly sexual and psychological violence). Findings support the need for adequate training for police officers on how to safely interact with people with mental health conditions, particularly severe mental illness.

scholarly journals Discrimination and delusional ideation

2003 ◽  
Vol 182 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Janssen ◽  
M. Hanssen ◽  
M. Bak ◽  
R. V. Bijl ◽  
R. De Graaf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
General Population ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Perceived Discrimination ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Minority Populations ◽  
Delusional Ideation ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Uk

BackgroundIn the UK and The Netherlands, people with high rates of psychosis are chronically exposed to discrimination.AimsTo test whether perceived discrimination is associated longitudinally with onset of psychosis.MethodA 3-year prospective study of cohorts with no history of psychosis and differential rates of reported discrimination on the basis of age, gender, disability, appearance, skin colour or ethnicity and sexual orientation was conducted in the Dutch general population (n=4076). The main outcome was onset of psychotic symptoms (delusions and hallucinations).ResultsThe rate of delusional ideation was 0.5% (n=19) in those who did not report discrimination, 0.9% (n=4) in those who reported discrimination in one domain, and 2.7% (n=3) in those who reported discrimination in more than one domain (exact P=0.027). This association remained after adjustment for possible confounders. No association was found between baseline discrimination and onset of hallucinatory experiences.ConclusionsPerceived discrimination may induce delusional ideation and thus contribute to the high observed rates of psychotic disorder in exposed minority populations.

scholarly journals Current and Lifetime Somatic Symptom Burden Among Transition-aged Young Adults on the Autism Spectrum

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary J Williams ◽  
Katherine O Gotham
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
General Population ◽  
Somatic Symptom ◽  
Somatic Symptoms ◽  
Symptom Burden ◽  
Autistic Traits ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Clinical Correlates

Background and Objectives: Somatic symptoms are the most common cause of outpatient medical visits in the general population, yet their presence and severity in individuals on the autism spectrum has rarely been studied. We sought to assess the prevalence, impact, and clinical correlates of fourteen commonly-reported somatic symptoms in a sample of transition-aged autistic young adults. Methods: A sample of 290 independent and cognitively able autistic young adults (aged 18-26 years; mean [SD]: 23.10 [2.38] years) was recruited from the Simons Foundation SPARK participant pool. A modified version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-15 was used to assess somatic symptom prevalence/impact, along with measures of depression, anxiety, autistic traits, and quality of life. Results: Somatic symptom burden was much higher in autistic young adults than previously reported in the general population. The most commonly reported current symptoms were fatigue (72.8%), sleep problems (69.0%), and menstrual problems (61.4% of females). Moderate or severe symptom levels were reported by 53.9% of females and 18.75% of males in our cohort, with the odds of females of endorsing any given symptom being 2-4 times greater than males. Both individual symptoms and total symptom burden were related to higher levels of depression, anxiety, and autistic traits, along with lower quality of life. Conclusion: Despite little research on this topic previously, somatic symptoms are highly prevalent in autistic young adults, particularly women. Future research is needed to investigate links between somatic symptoms, medical and psychiatric morbidity, and health care utilization in the autistic population. What's Known on This Subject Somatic symptoms are highly prevalent in the general population and account for a large proportion of health system visits and health care costs. However, few studies have investigated the prevalence, impact, or correlates of these symptoms in individuals on the autism spectrum. What This Study Adds To our knowledge, this is the first study to specifically assess current and lifetime somatic symptom burden, symptom onset patterns, and the clinical correlates of multisystem symptom distress in transition-aged young adults on the autism spectrum.

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