scholarly journals Heavy metal concentrations in soil and vegetables irrigated with sewage effluent: A case study of Embu sewage treatment plant, Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e00337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sussy Sayo ◽  
John M. Kiratu ◽  
George S. Nyamato
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Sewage Effluent ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentrations

Heavy metals in outflows from a sewage treatment plant and in waters and sediments of ponds supplied with them

2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Tucholski ◽  
Kazimierz Markiewicz ◽  
Emilia Markiewicz ◽  
Marcin Duda
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Sewage Water ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentrations ◽  
System A

Heavy metals in outflows from a sewage treatment plant and in waters and sediments of ponds supplied with themThe examination of total amounts of heavy metals (Hg, Cd, Cu, Pb, Cr, Ni, Zn) was conducted in the outflow from a sewage treatment plant and in the waters and sediments of ponds supplied with them. As the water passed through the pond system, a decrease of heavy metal concentrations in the post-treatment sewage water supplying the ponds was observed. The highest concentrations of heavy metals were found in the outflow from the sewage treatment plant and lower concentrations were observed in the water of pond 1 (except for Zn), which was the direct receiver of post-treatment sewage, while the lowest values were noted in the final pond. The concentration of heavy metals in the sediments decreased in consecutive ponds. The highest concentrations were determined in the sediment of pond 1 that received the post-treatment sewage directly from the sewage treatment outflow, whereas the lowest values were estimated in the sediments of pond number 4, which was the final pond in the system.

Chemical characterisation of biosludge from a wastewater treatment plant in a neutral sulphite semi-chemical pulp mill by single and sequential extraction of heavy metals and micro-/macronutrients — a case study

2014 ◽  
Vol 68 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Risto Pöykiö ◽  
Kati Manskinen ◽  
Juha Oksanen ◽  
Hannu Nurmesniemi ◽  
Olli Dahl
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Pulp Mill ◽  
Land Application ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentrations ◽  
Chemical Pulp

AbstractThe main impetus for utilising the biosludge from the neutral sulphite semi-chemical pulping process is the Finnish legislation which from 1st January 2016 prohibits the deposition of this residue in landfills in Finland. The dry matter content of the biosludge in this case study was low (12.1 mass %), meaning that incineration of this residue is uneconomical. The biosludge was rich in P (6260 mg kg−1). This, together with the high total organic carbon value of 459 g kg−1 and the metal concentrations (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn and Hg) lower than the Finnish permissible limits for land application, supports wide and various end-uses for this residue. Except for S (27600 mg kg−1) and Cd (1.4 mg kg−1), the other heavy metal concentrations in the biosludge were lower than the maximum values for heavy metal concentrations in a non-contaminated soil referred to the literature. From the utilisation perspective, and in view of the high levels of S and Na, this residue could efficiently be used, for example, to landscape landfills.

Control of Heavy Metals and Organochlorines Using the Oil from Sludge Process

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 249-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. Bridle ◽  
I. Hammerton ◽  
C. K. Hertle
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Sludge Dewatering ◽  
Water Board ◽  
Unit Operations ◽  
Set Up

A four month pilot plant program, evaluating all unit operations comprising an integrated Oil from Sludge (OFS) plant has been successfully completed for the Sydney Water Board. The unit operations of sludge dewatering, drying and conversion to oil in the patented OFS reactor system were set up at the Malabar Sewage Treatment Plant in Sydney. Pilot testing of the char combustor was conducted off site. Extensive heavy metal and organochlorine monitoring across each unit operation has revealed the following information. There is no loss of contaminants across the dewatering and drying operations. With the exception of arsenic and mercury, all heavy metals fed to the OFS reactor are retained in the char. Greater than 75% of PCB's and 85% of HCB present in sludge are destroyed in the OFS reactor. Greater than 99.7% of the heavy metals fed to the fluid bed combustor are retained in the ash (with exception of mercury, which reported 3% in the flue gas). The FBC ash is classified non-hazardous, using the Toxic Characteristic Leaching Procedure.No organochlorines were detected in the dryer or FBC off-gases. The OFS technology offers decoupling of heavy metal and organochlorine control mechanisms, thus allowing each to be optimally controlled.

Integrative Fuzzy Set Pair Model for Safety Pre-Evaluation in Construction Stage

2011 ◽  
Vol 94-96 ◽  
pp. 2325-2328
Author(s):  
Li Xin Li ◽  
Hong Zhen Li ◽  
Yu Bing Duan ◽  
Xu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Set ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Construction Stage ◽  
Pair Model ◽  
Hierarchy Analysis ◽  
Pair Analysis ◽  
Fuzzy Hierarchy

The integrative fuzzy set pair model, established by set pair analysis (SPA) and fuzzy hierarchy analysis, was introduced to pre-evaluation of security states in the construction stage. Two relevant sets, evaluation index and dangerous standard, were analyzed and calculated in terms of the identity, discrepancy and contradistinction[1]. The indices and weights were determined by Delphi and fuzzy hierarchy analysis respectively in order to establish the integrative fuzzy set pair model of construction stage. Finally, the model was applied to the case study of Shenyang sewage treatment plant and the results demonstrated that the method proposed in this present paper is satisfactory.

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