Characterization of domestic wastewater released from ‘green’ households and field study of the performance of onsite septic tanks retrofitted into aerobic bioreactors in cold climate

2021 ◽  
Vol 755 ◽  
pp. 142446
Author(s):  
Roya Pishgar ◽  
Dean Morin ◽  
Shane J. Young ◽  
Jon Schwartz ◽  
Angus Chu
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Cold Climate ◽  
Septic Tanks ◽  
Aerobic Bioreactors

PERSIAN GARDENS IN COLD AND DRY CLIMATE: A CASE STUDY OF TABRIZ’S HISTORICAL GARDENS

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 193
Author(s):  
Ahad Nejad Ebrahimi ◽  
Farnaz Nazarzadeh ◽  
Elnaz Nazarzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Cold Climate ◽  
Natural Substrate ◽  
Garden Design ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
North West ◽  
Special Expertise

Throughout history, gardens and garden designing has been in the attention of Persian architects who had special expertise in the construction of gardens. The appearance of Islam and allegories of paradise taken from that in Koran and Saints’ sayings gave spirituality to garden construction. Climate conditions have also had an important role in this respect but little research has been done about it and most of the investigations have referred to spiritual aspects and forms of garden. The cold and dry climate that has enveloped parts of West and North West of Iran has many gardens with different forms and functions, which have not been paid much attention to by studies done so far. The aim of this paper is to identify the features and specifications of cold and dry climate gardens with an emphasis on Tabriz’s Gardens.  Due to its natural and strategic situation, Tabriz has always been in the attention of governments throughout history; travellers and tourists have mentioned Tabriz as a city that has beautiful gardens. But, the earthquakes and wars have left no remains of those beautiful gardens. This investigation, by a comparative study of the climates in Iran and the effect of those climates on the formation of gardens and garden design, tries to identify the features and characteristics of gardens in cold and dry climate. The method of study is interpretive-historical on the basis of written documents and historic features and field study of existing gardens in this climate. The results show that, with respect to natural substrate, vegetation, the form of water supply, and the general form of the garden; gardens in dry and cold climate are different from gardens in other climates.

A Field Study of Histologic and Bacteriologic Characterization of Femoral Head Separation and Femoral Head Necrosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Floyd D. Wilson ◽  
Craig L. Wyatt ◽  
Philip A. Stayer ◽  
Joan S. Schrader ◽  
Katie A. Burchfield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Head ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Femoral Head Necrosis

Removal Efficiency of Three Cold-Climate Constructed Wetlands Treating Domestic Wastewater: Effects of Temperature, Seasons, Loading Rates and Input Concentrations

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trond Mæhlum ◽  
Per Stålnacke
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Cold Climate ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
P Sorption ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Pre Treatment

This paper outlines the influence of temperature, flow rate and input concentrations on the treatment efficiency of organic matter and nutrients in constructed wetlands (CWs). Three integrated 10 PE systems with horizontal subsurface flow (HSF) treating domestic wastewater are described. Particular attention is devoted to: (1) aerobic pre-treatment in vertical-flow filters, (2) filter media with high phosphorus (P) sorption capacity, and (3) the treatment efficiency during winters. Aerobic pre-treatment followed by CW units including P sorption media removed most organic matter (BOD> 75%), P (> 90%) and total and ammonia N (40-80%). P retention was relatively stable in wetland filters, both with lightweight aggregates and ferruginous sand during 3-6 years of monitoring. Iron-rich sand from Bsh and Bs horizons of ferro-humic podzols was efficient for P sorption, but removal efficiencies of COD, TOC and SS were negative. The differences in efficiency between cold and warm periods were less than 10 percentage points for all parameters. It is anticipated that temperature effects are partially compensated by the large hydraulic retention time. The findings suggest that HSF systems do not require vegetation.

scholarly journals New insights into Viticulture, Enology and Vitivinicultural Economy: Ciência e Técnica Vitivinícola 2021

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-175
Author(s):  
Jorge Cunha ◽  
Ilda Caldeira ◽  
Sara Canas
Keyword(s):  
Foliar Application ◽  
Cold Climate ◽  
Management Technique ◽  
Grape Seeds ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Water Constraint

New insights into Viticulture, Enology and Vitivinicultural Economy arise from the fourteen articles published by the Ciência e Técnica Vitivinícola in 2021. Research carried out by several international teams covered a wide range of topics that seek to respond to current main challenges: chemical, morphological and anatomical features of the grapevine cultivars explored to withstand biotic and abiotic stresses; seaweed foliar application to grapevines as an innovative and integrated vineyard management technique; nutritional management of grapevine cultivars under cold climate conditions and under water constraint scenarios; viability and cost-effectiveness of photovoltaic solar energy for wineries; viticultural technologies and the food safety of wine; characterization of grapes and methods for juice production; chemical composition of grape seeds; development of analytical and sensory methodologies; portrait of the wine spirits sector in Portugal and its recent evolution.

Treatment of domestic wastewater using conventional and baffled septic tanks

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (16) ◽  
pp. 2337-2343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fayza Aly Nasr ◽  
Basem Mikhaeil
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Septic Tanks

scholarly journals Improving the Accuracy of a Hygrothermal Model for Wood-Frame Walls: A Cold-Climate Study

Buildings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 236
Author(s):  
Charles R. Boardman ◽  
Samuel V. Glass
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Material Property ◽  
Oriented Strand Board ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Cold Climate ◽  
Latex Paint ◽  
Kraft Paper ◽  
Humidity Measurements ◽  
Wood Frame ◽  
Improved Model

A one-dimensional transient hygrothermal model was used to simulate eight different wood-frame wall assemblies. Simulations were compared with measured results from a two-year field study exploring the effects of exterior insulation on wall moisture performance in a cold-climate. The field study documented the moisture content, temperature, and relative humidity measurements in wall assemblies using oriented strand board (OSB) sheathing. Simulations were performed using generic design input values as well as input values based on measurements or sensitivity analysis. Laboratory material property measurements informed the choice of material property values in the improved model for OSB, asphalt-coated kraft paper, and interior latex paint. Simulations using improved input values typically agreed with field measurements within measurement error. The most significant model improvements were all related to vapor permeance. The vinyl siding used an effective permeance much lower than typically recommended. However, both the extruded polystyrene insulation and the asphalt-coated kraft paper facing on the cavity fiberglass insulation had higher permeance than literature values.

scholarly journals Sustainable Power Generation in Continuous Flow Microbial Fuel Cell Treating Actual Wastewater: Influence of Biocatalyst Type on Electricity Production

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zainab Z. Ismail ◽  
Ali Jwied Jaeel
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Biofilm Growth ◽  
Power Outputs ◽  
Electrical Power Output ◽  
Sustainable Power

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) have the potential to simultaneously treat wastewater for reuse and to generate electricity. This study mainly considers the performance of an upflow dual-chambered MFC continuously fueled with actual domestic wastewater and alternatively biocatalyzed with aerobic activated sludge and strain ofBacillus Subtilis. The behavior of MFCs during initial biofilm growth and characterization of anodic biofilm were studied. After 45 days of continuous operation, the biofilms on the anodic electrode were well developed. The performance of MFCs was mainly evaluated in terms of COD reductions and electrical power output. Results revealed that the COD removal efficiency was 84% and 90% and the stabilized power outputs were clearly observed achieving a maximum value of 120 and 270 mW/m2obtained for MFCs inoculated with mixed cultures andBacillus Subtilisstrain, respectively.

scholarly journals Characterization of the Blunt Leaf Apex (bla) Trait in Cucumber

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 1461-1462
Author(s):  
Stan C. Hokanson ◽  
James F. Hancock ◽  
Rebecca Grumet
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Cucumis Sativus ◽  
Segregation Analysis ◽  
Single Locus ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Leaf Base ◽  
Leaf Apex ◽  
Leaf Phenotype ◽  
In The Wild

A further characterization of the cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) mutant `Wisconsin SMR-18' bla (blunt leaf apex) revealed a new character associated with the previously described leaf phenotype. The attachment of the blade to the petiole of bla plants is flat across, as opposed to the cordate or indented attachment in the wild-type `Wisconsin SMR-18' plants. The new character (truncate leaf base) was easier to score and becomes distinctive earlier in development than previously described leaf apex characters. It was expressed consistently in homozygous bla plants. Segregation analysis of 1159 F2 seedlings arising from self-pollinated `Wisconsin SMR-18' × `Wisconsin SMR-18' bla F1 plants suggested that the leaf base and leaf apex character were controlled by a single locus or two tightly linked ones with a maximum distance between the two of 0.03 cM. In a field study of growth and fitness characteristics, the two genotypes did not differ significantly for flower or fruit count. The similar flowering and fruiting characteristics, along with the reliable early occurring truncate character, likely will make the two genotypes useful for pollination and gene movement studies.

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