PERSIAN GARDENS IN COLD AND DRY CLIMATE: A CASE STUDY OF TABRIZ’S HISTORICAL GARDENS

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 193
Author(s):  
Ahad Nejad Ebrahimi ◽  
Farnaz Nazarzadeh ◽  
Elnaz Nazarzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Cold Climate ◽  
Natural Substrate ◽  
Garden Design ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
North West ◽  
Special Expertise

Throughout history, gardens and garden designing has been in the attention of Persian architects who had special expertise in the construction of gardens. The appearance of Islam and allegories of paradise taken from that in Koran and Saints’ sayings gave spirituality to garden construction. Climate conditions have also had an important role in this respect but little research has been done about it and most of the investigations have referred to spiritual aspects and forms of garden. The cold and dry climate that has enveloped parts of West and North West of Iran has many gardens with different forms and functions, which have not been paid much attention to by studies done so far. The aim of this paper is to identify the features and specifications of cold and dry climate gardens with an emphasis on Tabriz’s Gardens.  Due to its natural and strategic situation, Tabriz has always been in the attention of governments throughout history; travellers and tourists have mentioned Tabriz as a city that has beautiful gardens. But, the earthquakes and wars have left no remains of those beautiful gardens. This investigation, by a comparative study of the climates in Iran and the effect of those climates on the formation of gardens and garden design, tries to identify the features and characteristics of gardens in cold and dry climate. The method of study is interpretive-historical on the basis of written documents and historic features and field study of existing gardens in this climate. The results show that, with respect to natural substrate, vegetation, the form of water supply, and the general form of the garden; gardens in dry and cold climate are different from gardens in other climates.

AN INTEGRATED PETROPHYSICAL WORKFLOW TO GENERATING FLUID SUBSTITUTED LOGS FOR AVO CHARACTERISATION—GIPSY AND NORTH GIPSY FIELDS CASE STUDY, NORTH WEST SHELF, AUSTRALIA

2002 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 477
Author(s):  
D.L Clarke ◽  
A.P Clare
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Water Saturation ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Rock Properties ◽  
Intrinsic Permeability ◽  
North West ◽  
Consistent Model ◽  
Original Field ◽  
Elastic Rock

As part of a multi-well field study an integrated petrophysical workflow was developed to include the generation of fluid substituted logs for AVO characterisation.The workflow relied upon the construction of a multimineral model that best approximated the actual mineral content of the reservoir. Any limitations or assumptions were noted and taken into account when creating the multi-mineral model. Other petrophysical results were derived from the same model to validate its consistency such as intrinsic permeability, porosity, water saturation, etc. Iteration between the model and the results was required until a consistent model was achieved.The estimation of an intrinsic permeability log was based upon the k-Lambda method that uses the multimineral model and porosities.The estimation of a shear slowness log and the fluid substituted logs was based upon elastic rock properties derived from the multi-mineral model and the acquired compressional slowness log and bulk density log. This integrated approach provides a higher confidence in the derived results, which are then used as input into the reservoir model, thereby improving the reserve calculations.The interdependence of each derived result on the same input multi-mineral model ensures consistency and predictability in a complex geological environment, which captures all available information.The method is demonstrated with the Gipsy–1 and North Gipsy–1 wells, which were part of the original field study.

scholarly journals Field Study on the Thermal Performance of Vacuum Tube Solar Collectors in the Climate Conditions of Western Norway

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2745
Author(s):  
Victoria Popsueva ◽  
Andrés Franklin Olivares Lopez ◽  
Anna Kosinska ◽  
Oleg Nikolaev ◽  
Boris V. Balakin
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Water System ◽  
Cold Climate ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Average Amount ◽  
Vacuum Tube ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Western Norway ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Long Operation

A significant part of energy consumption in Northern countries goes to heating. There is no consensus about the most efficient source of renewable heat there. This paper presents a field study for a 7.8 m2 vacuum tube solar collector facility that is conservatively located in the cloudy and cold climate conditions of western Norway. We analyse a year-long operation by examining the rig’s statistics. We show that in Nordic latitudes with rainy climate conditions, a domestic solar hot water system can produce 2200 kWhth/y at a thermal efficiency of up to 72%. The average amount of heat produced by the collectors was up to 14.7 kWhth/d. This was enough to sustain the domestic hot water demand in an average Norwegian household for 6 months with a short period of auxiliary heating. In conclusion, we calculated that a 3× upscaled area facility would deliver over 25 kWhth covering six months of total heat consumption. The payback period for the facility is 12 years.

Implementation of Booking Performance Application Using Bootstrap Case Study in PT XYZ

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Arfan Sansprayada ◽  
Kartika Mariskhana
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
System Development ◽  
Basic Requirement ◽  
Application Development ◽  
Information System Development ◽  
Special Expertise ◽  
A Company ◽  
Need For Information

Abstract—The need for information system development in a company is a basic requirement that must be met by each company in order to run its business processes properly. This is the basic key in a company in order to provide maximum results to find as many profits or profits. Application development or requirements in the application also provide speed for employees to carry out their activities to work properly and optimally. The development of the era requires that companies must be productive and have innovations so that the business wheel of the company can run well. This is based on the development of technology that is so fast that it requires special expertise in its application. This research is expected to be able to help some problems that exist in a company. Where its application can make it easier for employees to carry out their respective duties and roles in order to maximize their potential. For companies, the application of this application can accommodate the company's business wheels so that they can be properly and correctly documented .   Keywords : Systems, Information, Applications

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document