Complex interactions between meteorological parameters and the thermal regime of two tropical, high altitude crater lakes (Nevado de Toluca, Mexico)

2021 ◽  
Vol 771 ◽  
pp. 145310
Author(s):  
María del Refugio Barba-López ◽  
Anatoliy Filonov ◽  
Javier Alcocer ◽  
Lydia Ladah ◽  
Iryna Tereshchenko
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Thermal Regime ◽  
Meteorological Parameters ◽  
Crater Lakes ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Nevado De Toluca

scholarly journals Initial Time Of Two High Altitude Crater Lakes (Nevado De Toluca, Central Mexico) Recorded In Subfossil Cladocera

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krystyna Szeroczyńska ◽  
Edyta Zawisza ◽  
Marta Wojewódka
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Initial Time ◽  
Central Mexico ◽  
Sediment Layer ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Crater Lakes ◽  
Subfossil Cladocera ◽  
Cladocera Remains ◽  
Nevado De Toluca

Abstract The objective of this study was the recognition and reconstruction of the origin of two high altitude lakes and the ecological conditions of their early existence based on subfossil Cladocera and chemical analyses. The study focused on the oldest lacustrine sediments from Lake Sol and Lake Luna, located in the crater of Volcano Nevado de Toluca (Central Mexico). The Nevado de Toluca crater developed approximately 12 ka yr BP. According to the literature, the volcano was last active approximately 3.3 ka yr BP, and the lakes developed after that eruption. The remains of nine Cladocera species were found in the bottom sediments of both lakes. The most dominant taxa were two endemic littoral species: Alona manueli and Iliocryptus nevadensis. The total frequency of Cladocera specimens in both of the sediment cores was very low. No Cladocera remains were recorded in the sediment layer at depths between 123–103 m from Lake Luna. The results of the lithological and geochemical analyses showed that this sediment layer was composed of allochthonous material, probably originating from slid down from the volcanic cone. This was suggested by the content of silica (up to 13%), iron (up to 12%), and titanium (up to 4%). The Cladocera remains recorded in the bottom sediments suggested that both reservoirs developed as freshwater lakes at the beginning of the sedimentation. The calibrated radiocarbon dates obtained for the bottom samples were 4040 to 3990 yr BP for Lake Luna (129 cm) and 4485 to 4485 yr BP for Lake Sol (89 cm). The obtained ages were older than the dates of the last eruption, which occurred approximately 3300 yr BP. This result was likely related to the type of radiocarbon dated materials (charcoals).

scholarly journals Seasonal thermal regime and climatic trends in lakes of the Tibetan highlands

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1895-1909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgiy Kirillin ◽  
Lijuan Wen ◽  
Tom Shatwell
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Thermal Regime ◽  
Mixed Boundary ◽  
Reanalysis Data ◽  
Shortwave Radiation ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Seasonal Temperature ◽  
High Altitude Lakes

Abstract. The hydrology of the lake-rich Tibetan Plateau is important for the global climate, yet little is known about the thermal regime of Tibetan lakes due to scant data. We (i) investigated the characteristic seasonal temperature patterns and recent trends in the thermal and stratification regimes of lakes on the Tibetan Plateau and (ii) tested the performance of the one-dimensional lake parameterization scheme FLake for the Tibetan lake system. For this purpose, we combined 3 years of in situ lake temperature measurements, several decades of satellite observations, and the global reanalysis data. We chose the two largest freshwater Tibetan lakes, Ngoring and Gyaring, as study sites. The lake model FLake faithfully reproduced the specific features of the high-altitude lakes and was subsequently applied to reconstruct the vertically resolved heat transport in both lakes during the last 4 decades. The model suggested that Ngoring and Gyaring were ice-covered for about 6 months and stratified in summer for about 4 months per year with a short spring overturn and a longer autumn overturn. In summer the surface mixed boundary layer extended to 6–8 m of depth and was about 20 % shallower in the more turbid Gyaring. The thermal regime of the transparent Ngoring responded more strongly to atmospheric forcing than Gyaring, where the higher turbidity damped the response. According to the reanalysis data, air temperatures and humidity have increased, whereas solar radiation has decreased, since the 1970s. Surprisingly, the modeled mean lake temperatures did not change, nor did the phenology of the ice cover or stratification. Lake surface temperatures in summer increased only marginally. The reason is that the increase in air temperature was offset by the decrease in radiation, probably due to increasing humidity. This study demonstrates that air temperature trends are not directly coupled to lake temperatures and underscores the importance of shortwave radiation for the thermal regime of high-altitude lakes.

DESCRIPTION OF ILYOCRYPTUS NEVADENSIS (BRANCHIOPODA, ANOMOPODA), A NEW SPECIES FROM A HIGH ALTITUDE CRATER LAKE IN THE VOLCANO NEVADO DE TOLUCA, MEXICO

Crustaceana ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Elias-Gutierrez ◽  
Martha Gutierrez-Aguirre ◽  
Adrt Cervantes-Martinez
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Crater Lake ◽  
Nevado De Toluca ◽  
A New Species

scholarly journals Fluorescent biological aerosol particle measurements at a tropical high-altitude site in southern India during the southwest monsoon season

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (15) ◽  
pp. 9805-9830 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Valsan ◽  
R. Ravikrishna ◽  
C. V. Biju ◽  
C. Pöhlker ◽  
V. R. Després ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Meteorological Parameters ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Aerosol Particles ◽  
Fungal Spores ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Diurnal Variations ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Coarse Mode

Abstract. An ultraviolet aerodynamic particle sizer (UV-APS) was continuously operated for the first time during two seasons to sample the contrasting winds during monsoon and winter to characterize the properties of fluorescent biological aerosol particles (FBAPs), at a high-altitude site in India. Averaged over the entire monsoon campaign (1 June–21 August 2014), the arithmetic mean number and mass concentrations of coarse-mode (> 1 µm) FBAPs were 0.02 cm−3 and 0.24 µg m−3, respectively, which corresponded to  ∼  2 and 6 % of total aerosol loading, respectively. Average FBAP number size distribution exhibited a peak at  ∼  3 µm, which is attributed to the fungal spores, as supported by scanning electron microscope (SEM) images, and these results are consistent with previous studies made for FBAPs. During 11 weeks of measurements the variability of the total coarse-mode particle number (TAP) concentration was high compared to that observed in FBAP number concentrations. The TAP and FBAP number concentrations measured at this site were strongly dependent on changes in wind direction and rainfall. During periods of westerly/southwesterly winds with heavy persistent rainfall, the TAP and FBAP concentrations exhibited very low values (1.3 and 0.005 cm−3, respectively) with no significant diurnal variations, whereas during periods of northerly winds with scattered rainfall FBAPs exhibited relatively high concentration values (0.05 cm−3) with pronounced diurnal variations, which were strongly coupled with diurnal variations in meteorological parameters. The campaign-averaged FBAP number concentrations were shown to correlate with daily patterns of meteorological parameters and were positively correlated with relative humidity (RH; R2  =  0.58) and negatively with temperature (R2  =  0.60) and wind speed (R2  =  0.60). We did not observe any significant positive correlation with precipitation as reported by previous researchers from selected areas. These measurement results confirm the fact that the ratio of PBAPs to TAP is strongly dependent on particle size and location and thus may constitute a significant proportion of total aerosol particles.

scholarly journals Effects of high-altitude reservoirs on the structure and function of lotic ecosystems: a case study in Italy

Hydrobiologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Petruzziello ◽  
Luca Bonacina ◽  
Francesca Marazzi ◽  
Silvia Zaupa ◽  
Valeria Mezzanotte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Thermal Regime ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Macroinvertebrate Communities ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
Breakdown Rate ◽  
Lotic Ecosystems

AbstractAlpine and pre-alpine lotic ecosystems are often remote and not affected by humans, which makes them some of the world’s most pristine ecosystems. However, their status is often altered by the presence of reservoirs that are built to fulfill agricultural needs and hydroelectric demands. These reservoirs also disrupt stream continuity and alter the magnitude, timing, and frequency of natural flows. The present work assessed how high-altitude reservoirs affect the riverine ecosystems focusing on the following: (i) the macroinvertebrate communities, (ii) the breakdown of organic matter, and (iii) the thermal regime. Stretches altered by high-altitude reservoirs had the best conditions for most macroinvertebrate families due to a more stable flow conditions. The breakdown rate of coarse particulate organic matter was not affected by high-altitude reservoirs but its availability was higher in altered compared to pristine stretches. The presence of hydroelectric power plants modified the stream thermal regime. Reservoirs mitigate the atmospheric influence on stream water temperature while run of the river plants strengthen it in the diverted stretches. Where both these alterations were present, the thermal regime of the stream was more similar to the natural ones compared to stretches subjected to only one kind of alteration. This research showed how river impoundment alters the structure of macroinvertebrate communities and the function of the downstream lotic ecosystems and can provide the basis to correctly guide management strategies for lotic ecosystems affected by hydrological alterations.

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