Trade-off among grain production, animal husbandry production, and habitat quality based on future scenario simulations in Xilinhot

Abstract Agriculture continues to move forward confidently. Before our eyes, the agrarian industry is reviving, becoming stronger, taking a strong position at the forefront of the Russian economy. The most important achievement of 2017 was a record grain harvest of 130 million tons. This result was achieved not only by increasing the cultivated areas, which increased by 620 thousand hectares in 2017, but also thanks to the record yield, which amounted to 28 kg / ha, which is 80% higher than in 2000. The maximum harvest in the history of new and Soviet Russia, which will ensure our country a strong leadership in the world wheat market. Russian agriculture remains a driver of the country’s economic development. For the second year in a row, we get a record harvest of not only grain, but also sugar beets and sunflowers, the production of soybeans, rapeseed and greenhouse vegetables is growing. In the new season, grain exports will reach 45 million tons, including more than 35 million tons of wheat. Russia is expanding the geography of its presence, having mastered new directions for the supply of agricultural products. At the end of 10 months of 2017, grain exports increased by 22% compared to the same period in 2016 and amounted to 32 million tons. During the same time, the export of Russian wheat exceeded 24 million tons, which is 23% more than a year earlier. … In Russia, over 17 years, the volume of grain production increased 2 times, sugar beet and sunflower - 2-3 times, soybeans and rapeseed - 10, greenhouse vegetables - 1.8, poultry meat - 6, pork - 2. Fish - 2 times. Greenhouse vegetable growing and horticulture are developing intensively. Progress is being made in the development of animal husbandry and aquaculture. The dairy industry is undergoing a significant transformation, and production volumes on farms are growing. These are new growth points for the agro-industrial complex. Thanks to the achievements of domestic scientists, grain production of agricultural crops can be increased due to many factors. One of the factors is foliar dressing with liquid micro- and macro-fertilizers. Therefore, we studied various combinations of liquid micro-, macrofertilizers, as well as the bio-logical product Albit, in order to identify the best option and recommend it for produc-tion.

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Response and Simulation of Trade-offs/synergies Among Ecosystem Services to Ecological Restoration Program: a Case Study of the Chengdu-Chongqing Urban Agglomeration, China

10.21203/rs.3.rs-571046/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Tiantian Chen ◽

Li Peng ◽

Qiang Wang

Keyword(s):

Ecosystem Services ◽

Carbon Sequestration ◽

Habitat Quality ◽

Soil Conservation ◽

Food Production ◽

Water Yield ◽

Ecological Security ◽

Trade Off ◽

Trade Offs ◽

Synergistic Relationships

Abstract The Grain to Green Program (GTGP), as a policy tool for advancing ecological progress, has been operating for 20 years and has played an important role in improving ecosystem service values. However, there are few studies on the trade-off/synergy changes in ecosystem services during the implementation of the GTGP and how to select the optimal scheme for regional ecological security based on the trade-off relationship. Thus, we took the Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration (CCUA) in southwestern China as the study area; we used multisource data and the corresponding models and methods to estimate the regional food production, carbon sequestration, water yield, soil conservation and habitat quality services. Then, we clarified the trade-off/synergy relationships among ecosystem services from 2000 to 2015 by spatial analysis and statistical methods and evaluated the influential mechanism of the GTGP on trade-offs between ecosystem services. Finally, different risk scenarios were constructed by the ordered weighted average algorithm (OWA), and the regional ecological security pattern was simulated under the principle of the best protection efficiency and the highest trade-off degree. We found that (1) the trade-offs/synergies of regional ecosystem services changed significantly from 2000 to 2015. Among them, food production, water yield and soil conservation have always had trade-off relationships, while carbon sequestration, soil conservation and habitat quality have all had synergistic relationships. The relationships between carbon sequestration and water yield and food production changed from non-correlated to trade-off/synergistic, and the relationship between habitat quality and food production and water yield was not obvious. (2) Except for carbon sequestration service, the trade-off intensity between other ecosystem services decreased, indicating that the change trend of ecosystem services in the same direction was obvious. (3) The GTGP has been an important factor affecting the trade-off intensity of regional ecosystem services. On the one hand, it has strengthened the synergistic relationships among carbon sequestration, soil conservation and habitat quality; on the other hand, it has increased the constraints of water resources on soil conservation and vegetation restoration. (4) The decision risk coefficient α = 1.6 was the most suitable scenario, the total amount of regional ecosystem services was high, and the allocation was balanced under this scenario. The ecological security area corresponding to this scenario was also the area with high carbon sequestration and habitat quality services. The purpose of this study was to provide a scientific reference for the precise implementation of the GTGP.

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FOOD SECURITY OF UKRAINE: DEVELOPMENT VECTOR

Economy of Ukraine ◽

10.15407/economyukr.2019.11.060 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 (11-12) ◽

pp. 60-76

Author(s):

Inna KUZNETSOVA ◽

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Economic Activity ◽

National Level ◽

Animal Husbandry ◽

Grain Production ◽

Flour Milling ◽

The World ◽

Grain Market ◽

World Food Security ◽

The Impact

The integration of Ukraine into the global economy actualizes the problem of food security at the national level. Its support in a certain way depends on the vector of development of the grain market, which provides the population with the most mass food products and livestock with feed. The analysis of factors affecting the global imbalance between supply and consumption of grain is carried out. The basic indicators include: the lag in the rate of grain production from the rate of the population growth in the world and an increase in grain consumption in animal husbandry. These factors determine sustained increased demand for crops and affect the growth of the FAO price index. Under such conditions, Ukraine, as a leading grain exporter, plays a key role in stabilizing the world food security. To determine the impact of the development of the national grain market on food security, a number of indicators are identified: (i) the percentage of consumption of animal products in the human daily energy diet; (ii) providing the human diet with the main types of products that are based on processed grain or the production of which is related to its consumption; (iii) differentiation of the cost of nutrition of the population by social groups for these products; (iv) average per capita grain production. Based on the analysis of the calculated values of the food security indicators, it was found that the status of the domestic grain market corresponds to the “hungry export” vector, which is characterized by an increase in grain exports due not only to an increase in its gross harvest, but also to a decrease in grain consumption both in the grain processing industry and in animal husbandry. Based on a comparative analysis of the foreign economic activity of the flour-milling industry of Ukraine and Turkey, it is concluded that the latter, as the leader in the world flour market, produces it from Ukrainian grain. With this in mind, measures are proposed for the government stimulation of the foreign economic activity of the flour-milling industry.

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Conservation tillage issues: Cover crop-based organic rotational no-till grain production in the mid-Atlantic region, USA

Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems ◽

10.1017/s1742170511000457 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 31-40 ◽

Cited By ~ 92

Author(s):

Steven B. Mirsky ◽

Matthew R. Ryan ◽

William S. Curran ◽

John R. Teasdale ◽

Jude Maul ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cover Crops ◽

Cover Crop ◽

Conservation Tillage ◽

Suitable Habitat ◽

Grain Production ◽

Seeding Rate ◽

Atlantic Region ◽

Trade Off ◽

No Till ◽

Crop Biomass

AbstractOrganic producers in the mid-Atlantic region of the USA are interested in reducing tillage, labor and time requirements for grain production. Cover crop-based, organic rotational no-till grain production is one approach to accomplish these goals. This approach is becoming more viable with advancements in a system for planting crops into cover crop residue flattened by a roller–crimper. However, inability to consistently control weeds, particularly perennial weeds, is a major constraint. Cover crop biomass can be increased by manipulating seeding rate, timing of planting and fertility to achieve levels (>8000 kg ha−1) necessary for suppressing summer annual weeds. However, while cover crops are multi-functional tools, when enhancing performance for a given function there are trade-off with other functions. While cover crop management is required for optimal system performance, integration into a crop rotation becomes a critical challenge to the overall success of the production system. Further, high levels of cover crop biomass can constrain crop establishment by reducing optimal seed placement, creating suitable habitat for seed- and seedling-feeding herbivores, and impeding placement of supplemental fertilizers. Multi-institutional and -disciplinary teams have been working in the mid-Atlantic region to address system constraints and management trade-off challenges. Here, we report on past and current research on cover crop-based organic rotational no-till grain production conducted in the mid-Atlantic region.

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Study on the relationship between grain production and development of animal husbandry

2011 International Conference on Management Science & Engineering 18th Annual Conference Proceedings ◽

10.1109/icmse.2011.6070035 ◽

2011 ◽

Author(s):

Li Cui-xia ◽

Li Qian

Keyword(s):

Animal Husbandry ◽

Grain Production ◽

The Relationship

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A Flow-Preserving Algorithm for the Time-Cost Trade-Off Problem

IIE Transactions ◽

10.1080/05695558208974589 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 109-113 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Suleyman Tufekci

Keyword(s):

Time Cost ◽

Trade Off

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Dual Goals for Speed and Accuracy on the Same Performance Task

Journal of Personnel Psychology ◽

10.1027/1866-5888/a000063 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 118-126 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Olive Emil Wetter ◽

Jürgen Wegge ◽

Klaus Jonas ◽

Klaus-Helmut Schmidt

Keyword(s):

Memory Scanning ◽

Performance Task ◽

Performance Tasks ◽

Trade Off ◽

Test Experiment ◽

Trade Offs ◽

New Finding ◽

Sternberg Paradigm ◽

Speed Accuracy ◽

Speed And Accuracy

In most work contexts, several performance goals coexist, and conflicts between them and trade-offs can occur. Our paper is the first to contrast a dual goal for speed and accuracy with a single goal for speed on the same task. The Sternberg paradigm (Experiment 1, n = 57) and the d2 test (Experiment 2, n = 19) were used as performance tasks. Speed measures and errors revealed in both experiments that dual as well as single goals increase performance by enhancing memory scanning. However, the single speed goal triggered a speed-accuracy trade-off, favoring speed over accuracy, whereas this was not the case with the dual goal. In difficult trials, dual goals slowed down scanning processes again so that errors could be prevented. This new finding is particularly relevant for security domains, where both aspects have to be managed simultaneously.

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