Priming effect of biuret addition on native soil N mineralisation under laboratory conditions

Biuret (C2H5N3O2) priming effect on mineralisation of native soil N has not been precisely quantified in previous studies, although it is a potential microbial activity regulator and slow-release N fertiliser. Following application of biuret at concentrations of 0 (B0) and 100 (B100) mg/kg (oven-dried) soil, we measured the dynamics of biuret-derived 15N in soil N pools, soil C mineralisation, and microbial biomass C in a sandy loam and a silt loam during a 112-day-long incubation to investigate the fate of biuret 15N and its effect on net mineralisation of native soil N. Biuret was decomposed faster in the sandy loam soil than the silt loam soil. In the sandy loam soil, the stabilised N pool was a strong sink for the biuret-derived 15N and accumulated about half of the applied 15N at the end of incubation. In the silt loam soil, 68% of the 15N applied was recovered in the NO3−-N pool and the stabilised N pool accumulated only about 25% of the applied 15N at the end of incubation. Biuret addition increased the turnover rate constant of soil organic matter and caused a real priming effect on net mineralisation of native soil N in both soils. The additional mineralisation of native soil N was 20.1 mg/kg (equivalent to 27.3 kg N/ha) in the sandy loam soil and 20.5 mg/kg (equivalent to 57.3 kg N/ha) in the silt loam soil. Biuret priming effect was related to the acceleration of soil organic matter decomposition by increased microbial activity at an early stage and the death/decay of microbes at a later stage of incubation. The native soil N released through the priming effect was partially from soil non-biomass organic matter and partially from soil microbial biomass.

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Can seasonal soil N mineralisation trends be leveraged to enhance pasture growth?

The Science of The Total Environment ◽

10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145031 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 772 ◽

pp. 145031

Author(s):

Franco Bilotto ◽

Matthew Tom Harrison ◽

Massimiliano De Antoni Migliorati ◽

Karen M. Christie ◽

David W. Rowlings ◽

...

Keyword(s):

N Mineralisation ◽

Soil N

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Production-ecological modelling explains the difference between potential soil N mineralisation and actual herbage N uptake

Applied Soil Ecology ◽

10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.07.002 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 84 ◽

pp. 83-92 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Muhammad Imtiaz Rashid ◽

Ron G.M. de Goede ◽

Lijbert Brussaard ◽

Jaap Bloem ◽

Egbert A. Lantinga

Keyword(s):

N Uptake ◽

Ecological Modelling ◽

N Mineralisation ◽

Soil N ◽

The Difference

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Productivity and nitrogen use of three different wheat-based rotations in North West Syria

Australian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.1071/a97015 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 49 (3) ◽

pp. 451 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

M. Wood ◽

C. J. Pilbeam ◽

H. C. Harris ◽

J. Tuladhar

Keyword(s):

Crop Residues ◽

Wheat Crop ◽

N Mineralisation ◽

Soil N ◽

N Budget ◽

Mineral N ◽

North West ◽

System A ◽

To Come ◽

C 50

Productivity of 3 different 2-year crop rotations, namely continuous wheat, wheat-chickpea, and wheat-fallow, was measured over 4 consecutive seasons beginning in 1991-92 at the ICARDA station, Tel Hadya, Syria. Nitrogen (N) fertiliser (30 kg N/ha at sowing) was broadcast every other year in the continuous wheat only. 15N-labelled fertiliser was used to quantify the amount of nitrogen supplied to the crops through current and past applications of fertiliser and by N2 fixation. The remaining N in the crop was assumed to come from the soil. In any single season, wheat yields were unaffected by rotation or N level. However, 2-year biomass production was significantly greater (32%, on average) in the continuously cropped plots than in the wheat-fallow rotation. On average, <10% of the N in the wheat crop came from fertiliser in the season of application, and <1·2 kg N/ha of the residual fertiliser was recovered by a subsequent wheat crop. Chickpea fixed 16-48 kg N/ha, depending on the season, but a negative soil N budget was still likely because the amount of N removed in the grain was usually greater than the amount of atmospheric N2 fixed. Uptake of soil N was similar in the cereal phase of all 3 rotations (38 kg N/ha, on average), but over the whole rotation at least 33% more soil N was removed from continuously cropped plots than from the wheat-fallow rotation, suggesting that the latter is a more sustainable system. A laboratory study showed that although wheat and chickpea residues enhanced the gross rate of N mineralisation by c. 50%, net rates of N mineralisation were usually negative. Given the high C/N ratio of the residue, immobilisation, rather than loss processes, is the likely cause of the decline in the mineral N content of the soil. Consequently, decomposition of crop residues in the field may in the short term reduce rather than increase the availability of N for crop growth.

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Sources of nitrous oxide from 15N-labelled animal urine and urea fertiliser with and without a nitrification inhibitor, dicyandiamide (DCD)

Soil Research ◽

10.1071/sr07093 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 46 (1) ◽

pp. 76 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

H. J. Di ◽

K. C. Cameron

Keyword(s):

Nitrous Oxide ◽

Dairy Cow ◽

Priming Effect ◽

Nitrification Inhibitor ◽

Major Effect ◽

N2o Emissions ◽

Soil N ◽

Cow Urine ◽

Nitrification And Denitrification ◽

N Pool

A field lysimeter study was conducted to determine the sources of N2O emitted following the application of dairy cow urine and urea fertiliser labelled with 15N, with and without a nitrification inhibitor, dicyandiamide (DCD). The results show that the application of cow urine at 1000 kg N/ha significantly increased N2O emissions above that from urea applied alone at 25 kg N/ha. The application of urine seemed to have a priming effect, increasing N2O emissions from the soil N pool. Treating the soil with DCD significantly (P < 0.05) decreased N2O emissions from the urine-applied treatment by 72%. The percentage of N2O-N derived from the applied N was 53.1% in the urine-applied treatment and this was reduced to 29.9% when DCD was applied. On average, about 43% of the N2O emitted in the urine-applied treatments was from nitrification. The application of DCD did not have a major effect on the relative contributions of nitrification and denitrification to N2O emissions in the urine treatments. This indicates that the DCD nitrification inhibitor decreased the contributions to N2O emissions from both nitrification and denitrification.

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Fate of rice shoot and root residues, rhizodeposits, and microbe-assimilated carbon in paddy soil: I. Decomposition and priming effect

10.5194/bg-2016-86 ◽

2016 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zhenke Zhu ◽

Guanjun Zeng ◽

Tida Ge ◽

Yajun Hu ◽

Chengli Tong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Carbon ◽

Soil Organic Carbon ◽

Priming Effect ◽

Paddy Soils ◽

Ch4 Emission ◽

Untreated Soil ◽

Organic C ◽

Soil C ◽

Rice Roots ◽

Native Soil

Abstract. The input of recently photosynthesized C has significant implications on soil organic carbon sequestration, and in paddy soils, both plants and soil microbes contribute to the overall C input. In the present study, we investigated the fate and priming effect of organic C from different sources by conducting a 300-d incubation study with four different 13C-labelled substrates: rice shoots (Shoot-C), rice roots (Root-C), rice rhizodeposits (Rhizo-C), and microbe-assimilated C (Micro-C). The efflux of both 13CO2 and 13CH4 indicated that the mineralization of C in Shoot-C-, Root-C-, Rhizo-C-, and Micro-C-treated soils rapidly increased at the beginning of the incubation and then decreased gradually afterwards. In addition, the highest level of C mineralization was observed in Root-C-treated soil (45.4 %), followed by Shoot-C- (31.9 %), Rhizo-C- (7.9 %), and Micro-C-treated (7.7 %) soils, which corresponded with mean residence times of 33.4, 46.1, 62.9, and 192 d, respectively. Furthermore, the cumulative mineralization of native soil organic carbon in Shoot-C-treated soils was 1.48- fold higher than in untreated soils, and the priming effect of Shoot-C on CO2 and CH4 emission was strongly positive over the entire incubation. However, Root-C failed to exhibit a significant priming effect, which suggests that it could potentially be used to mitigate CH4 emission. Although the total C contents of Rhizo-C- (1.89 %) and Micro-C-treated soils (1.9 %) were higher than those of untreated soil (1.8 %), no significant differences in total C emissions were observed. However, the 13C emissions of Rhizo-C- and Micro-C-treated soils gradually increased over the entire incubation period, which indicated that soil organic C-derived emissions were lower in Rhizo-C- and Micro-C-treated soils than in untreated soil, and that rhizodeposits and microbe-assimilated C could be used to reduce the mineralization of native soil organic carbon and to effectively improve soil C sequestration. The contrasting behaviours of the different photosynthesized C substrates suggests that recycling rice roots in paddies is more beneficial than recycling shoots and reveals the importance of increasing rhizodeposits and microbe-assimilated C in paddy soils via nutrient management.

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Increased plant uptake of native soil nitrogen following fertilizer addition – not a priming effect?

Applied Soil Ecology ◽

10.1016/j.apsoil.2017.03.011 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 114 ◽

pp. 105-110 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Xiao-Jun Allen Liu ◽

Kees Jan van Groenigen ◽

Paul Dijkstra ◽

Bruce A. Hungate

Keyword(s):

Soil Nitrogen ◽

Plant Uptake ◽

Priming Effect ◽

Native Soil

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Management of Native Soil Nitrogen for Reducing Nitrous Oxide Emissions and Higher Rice Production

Journal of Agriculture and Environment ◽

10.3126/aej.v9i0.2110 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Keshav R. Pandey ◽

S. C. Shah ◽

M. Becker

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Green Manure ◽

N Uptake ◽

Nitrous Oxide Emissions ◽

N2o Emissions ◽

Soil N ◽

Management Options ◽

Native Soil ◽

Bare Fallow

Present production of rice is far below its reported potential yield because of being Ndeficiency, the major constraint. Because of poverty, small farmers have to rely on native soil N-supply. Between wheat harvest and rice transplanting, a dry-to-wet season transition (DWT) period exist with changing soil moisture from aerobic to anaerobic and a large amount of native soil N loss is hypothesized. To study soil N dynamism and possible management options for DWT, two years field experiments were conducted in Chitwan with four land management treatments like bare fallow, mucuna, mungbean and maize. Treatments were randomly allotted in 10 m<sup>2</sup> plots. During DWT, building up of 50-75 kg of nitrate-N was observed at 60-75 % field capacity (FC) soil moisture but lost after flooding through leaching and denitrification, resulting in low grain yield and N uptake of succeeding rice. Growing cover crops during DWT, reduced leaching loss by half and N2O emissions by two thirds of those in the bare fallows. Atmospheric-N addition by legumes ranged from 27 to 56 kg ha-1 depending on the types of legumes and increased N uptake and grain yield by 24-42 kg N ha-1 yr-1 and 1.2-2.1 Mg ha-1 yr-1respectively. Thus, cultivation of grain/green manure legumes appears economically and ecologically beneficial.Key Words: bare fallow, crop N uptake, denitrification, green manure, leaching, nitrate catch crops, nitrificationThe Journal of Agriculture and Environment Vol:9, Jun.2008 Page: 1-9

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Negative priming effect of three kinds of biochar on the mineralization of native soil organic carbon

Land Degradation and Development ◽

10.1002/ldr.3147 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 29 (11) ◽

pp. 3985-3994 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Yuxue Liu ◽

Ying Chen ◽

Yuying Wang ◽

Haohao Lu ◽

Lili He ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Carbon ◽

Soil Organic Carbon ◽

Negative Priming ◽

Priming Effect ◽

Negative Priming Effect ◽

Native Soil

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Effects of wildfire and topography on soil nitrogen availability in a boreal larch forest of northeastern China

International Journal of Wildland Fire ◽

10.1071/wf13218 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 24 (3) ◽

pp. 433 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Jian-jian Kong ◽

Jian Yang ◽

Haiyan Chu ◽

Xingjia Xiang

Keyword(s):

Soil Nitrogen ◽

Northeastern China ◽

Larch Forest ◽

N Availability ◽

N Mineralisation ◽

Soil N ◽

Inorganic N ◽

Soil N Availability ◽

N Supply ◽

Burned Site

Both topography and wildfire can strongly affect soil nitrogen (N) availability. Although many studies have examined the individual effects of fire and topography on N, few have investigated their combined influences and relative importance. In this study, we measured soil extractable inorganic N concentrations, N mineralisation rates, and in situ soil inorganic N supply rates at 36 plots in three topographic positions (north-facing, south-facing and flat valley bottom) of burned and unburned sites in a boreal larch forest of northeastern China. Our data showed that wildfire significantly increased soil N availability, with mean soil extractable inorganic N concentrations, N mineralisation rates and N supply rates being 63, 310 and 270% higher in the burned site 1 year following fire. Additionally, soil N availability in the unburned site was significantly greater on the north-facing slope than on the south-facing slope, though this pattern was reversed at the burned site. Wildfire and topography together explained ~50% of the variance in soil N availability, with wildfire explaining three times more than topography. Our results demonstrate that wildfire and topography jointly affected spatial variations of soil N availability, and that wildfire decreased the influence of topography in the early successional stage of this boreal larch ecosystem.

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