Development of context specific sustainability criteria for selection of plant species for green urban infrastructure: The case of Singapore

Societies and their underlying infrastructure are in the process of being transformed by digital technology, a change that requires updated legislation and governance structures to respond to new information contexts. One particular area of rapid growth is that of connected devices that are increasingly being deployed in the physical environment as part of the so-called Internet of Things (IoT). There has been significant attention by policymakers at both national and international levels as to the economic and social benefits these technologies can bring and how they can be effectively implemented, leading to a range of different governance models. Many of these models relate to larger scale deployments as part of “smart city” urban infrastructure programs. Unlike private sector Internet of Things devices, which require buy-in from individuals who voluntarily purchase technology and choose to use it, public space deployments can affect entire communities. They must therefore particularly include mechanisms by which citizens can be empowered. We present a thematic review of literature and policy pertaining to IoT governance models, and construct a framework of principles for IoT governance, highlighting emerging and remaining questions. Four emergent themes (Levels of Governance, Legitimacy and Representation, Accountability, and Transparency) are illustrated using case studies at two levels; national and supranational top-down governance models, and city-based context-specific implementation models.

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Application of Interval Fuzzy Logic in Selecting a Sustainable Supplier on the Example of Agricultural Production

Symmetry ◽

10.3390/sym13050774 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 774

Author(s):

Adis Puška ◽

Miroslav Nedeljković ◽

Sarfaraz Hashemkhani Zolfani ◽

Dragan Pamučar

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Fuzzy Logic ◽

Asymmetric Information ◽

Agricultural Production ◽

Complete Information ◽

Sustainable Supply Chain ◽

Sustainability Criteria ◽

Criteria Importance ◽

Selection Of ◽

Economic Criteria

The selection of sustainable suppliers (SSS) is the first step in applying a sustainable supply chain and sustainable production. Therefore, it is necessary to select the supplier that best meets the set sustainability criteria. However, the selection of suppliers cannot be done by applying symmetric information, because the company does not have complete information, so asymmetric information should be used when selecting suppliers. Since the SSS applies three main sustainability criteria, environmental, social, and economic criteria, this decision-making problem is solved by applying multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM). In order to solve the SSS for the needs of agricultural production, interval fuzzy logic was applied in this research, and six suppliers with whom agricultural pharmacies in Semberija work were taken into consideration. The application of interval fuzzy logic was performed using the methods PIPRECIA (Pivot pairwise relative criteria importance assessment) and MABAC (Multi-Attributive Border Approximation Area Comparison). Using the PIPRECIA method, the weights of criteria and sub-criteria were determined. Results of this method showed that the most significant are economic criteria, followed by the social criteria. The ecological criteria are the least important. The supplier ranking was performed using the MABAC method. The results showed that supplier A4 best meets the sustainability criteria, while supplier A6 is the worst. These results were confirmed using other MCDM methods, followed by the sensitivity analysis. According to the attained results, agricultural producers from Semberija should buy the most products from suppliers A4, in order to better apply sustainability in production. This paper showed how to decision make when there is asymmetric information about suppliers.

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ADDITIONAL CRITERIA FOR SELECTION OF MALTING QUALITY IN BARLEY BREEDING

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps76-131 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 56 (4) ◽

pp. 805-809 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

V. M. BENDELOW

Keyword(s):

Specific Gravity ◽

Filtration Rate ◽

Sugar Content ◽

Reducing Sugar ◽

Malting Quality ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

Barley Breeding ◽

Sample Extraction ◽

Criteria For Selection ◽

Selection Of

A procedure that provides information on the suitability of barley for malting and, brewing purposes is described. Three parameters are measured: mash filtration rate, wort viscosity and wort-reducing sugar content, as maltose. Maltose is determined by an auto-analyzer method and this is a satisfactory alternative to the specific gravity procedure for the estimation of percent extract. The addition of these criteria to those already in use enables more discriminatory selection at early generations of barley-breeding programs. The technique requires only one sample extraction and 18 g of laboratory malt.

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CRITERIA FOR SELECTION OF PREPARATIONS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SORPTION-DETOXIFYING COMPLEXES FOR AGRICULTURAL ANIMALS

Problems of Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology ◽

10.36871/vet.san.hyg.ecol.201802017 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 94-100

Author(s):

L.L. Zakharova ◽

◽

G.A. Zhorov ◽

V.I. Dorozhkin ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Nature ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Physiological State ◽

Animal Husbandry ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Combined Pollution ◽

Wide Range ◽

Active Substances ◽

Criteria For Selection ◽

Selection Of

Negative impact on the environment as a result of economic activity of man increasingly becomes the character of combined pollution of ecotoxicants, including xenobiotics of radiation and chemical nature. In animal husbandry in ecologically unfavorable regions, sorbtion-detoxication technologies based on the complex application of bioprotective substances of different origin are used to reduce the intake and accumulation of xenobiotics, to normalize the physiological state of animals and to obtain safe products. It is necessary to observe certain principles ensuring compatibility of components, a wide range of bioprotective action, efficiency and safety at their use in developing the compositions of such sorption-detoxifying complexes. The article substantiates the criteria that should be followed in creating sorption-detoxifying complexes and presents groups of drugs with different mechanisms of action (sorbents, antioxidants, immunomodulators, adaptogens and other biologically active substances) for inclusion in the formulations of combined compositions.

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