scholarly journals Reputation effects in peer-to-peer online markets: A meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 102522
Author(s):  
Ruohuang Jiao ◽  
Wojtek Przepiorka ◽  
Vincent Buskens
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Online Markets ◽  
Reputation Effects

scholarly journals The role of reputation systems in digital discrimination

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith Kas ◽  
Rense Corten ◽  
Arnout van de Rijt
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Ethnic Discrimination ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Reputation System ◽  
Reputation Systems ◽  
Online Markets ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Unique Data

Abstract Reputation systems are commonplace in online markets, such as on peer-to-peer sharing platforms. These systems have been argued to be a solution to (ethnic) discrimination on such platforms. This argument is based on empirical studies showing that ethnic disadvantages are smaller for users with ratings than for users without ratings. We argue that this conclusion may be premature, because minorities have a harder time accumulating ratings. The greater benefit of ratings to minorities may be offset by their troubles acquiring any, thereby diminishing the potential for reputation systems to reduce discrimination. We tested this counterargument using a unique data set that contains information on all interactions on a peer-to-peer motorcycle rental platform. We find that the reputation system does not reduce initial inequalities between otherwise comparable renters of different ethnicity. Platforms that wish to reduce discrimination should not only make their reputation system more effective, but also help users collect ratings.

scholarly journals The effects of facial attractiveness and trustworthiness in online peer-to-peer markets

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bastian Jaeger ◽  
Willem Sleegers ◽  
Anthony M Evans ◽  
Marielle Stel ◽  
Ilja van Beest
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Facial Expression ◽  
York City ◽  
Facial Attractiveness ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Online Markets ◽  
Larger Sample

Online peer-to-peer markets, such as Airbnb, often include profile photos of sellers to reduce anonymity. Ert, Fleischer, and Magen (2016) found that more trustworthy-looking, but not more attractive-looking, Airbnb hosts from Stockholm charge higher prices for similar apartments. This suggests that people are willing to pay more for a night in an apartment if the host looks trustworthy. Here, we present a pre-registered replication testing how photo-based impressions of hosts’ attractiveness and trustworthiness influence rental prices. We extend previous investigations by (a) controlling for additional features related to price (e.g., the apartment’s location value), (b) testing for an influence of other host features, such as race and facial expression, and (c) analyzing a substantially larger sample of apartments. An analysis of 1,020 listings in New York City showed that more attractive-looking, but not more trustworthy-looking, hosts charge higher prices for their apartments. Compared to White hosts, Black (but not Asian) hosts charge lower prices for their apartments. Hosts who smile more intensely in their profile photo charge higher prices. Our results support the general conclusion that people rely on profile photos in online markets, though we find that attractiveness is more important than trustworthiness.

scholarly journals In Status We Trust: Socioeconomic Status, Reputation and Interpersonal Trust in Peer-to-Peer Markets

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marijn Keijzer ◽  
Rense Corten
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Interpersonal Trust ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Lower Status ◽  
Distribution Of Resources ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Reputation Effects

Online peer-to-peer markets decentralize distribution of resources, creating a trust problem in economic exchange on the internet. Individual characteristics of trustees, as determinants for being trusted, are thus getting increasingly important. In light of this societal development, this study is concerned with socioeconomic status and reputation as part of the explanans for interpersonal trust. Some have argued that lower status trustees are trusted more easily because of their repeated reliance on resources in their social network. Others state that higher status trustees are trusted more easily, for they are more vulnerable to social control and loss of reputation.We propose a novel, quasi-experimental method for examining interpersonal trust situations mimicking the reality of peer-to-peer market platforms. 626 respondents were asked to place trust in their preferable trustee based on the asking price, and seller's characteristics. Conditional logistic regression models were estimated and showed that status increases perceived trustworthiness, and positively affects the trust premium for past trustworthy behavior. Strong reputation effects were found, sending out a warning for inequitable emergent hierarchies through reputation cascading.

The effects of low-ratio n-6/n-3 PUFA on biomarkers of inflammation: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yali Wei ◽  
Yan Meng ◽  
Na Li ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
Liyong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Inflammation Markers ◽  
Pufa Supplementation ◽  
Long Chain

The purpose of the systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine if low-ratio n-6/n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) supplementation affects serum inflammation markers based on current studies.

Chronic Pain: Fundamental Scientific Considerations, Specifically for Legal Claims

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Barth
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Psychological Treatment ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Problematic Relationship

Abstract Scientific findings have indicated that psychological and social factors are the driving forces behind most chronic benign pain presentations, especially in a claim context, and are relevant to at least three of the AMA Guides publications: AMA Guides to Evaluation of Disease and Injury Causation, AMA Guides to Work Ability and Return to Work, and AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment. The author reviews and summarizes studies that have identified the dominant role of financial, psychological, and other non–general medicine factors in patients who report low back pain. For example, one meta-analysis found that compensation results in an increase in pain perception and a reduction in the ability to benefit from medical and psychological treatment. Other studies have found a correlation between the level of compensation and health outcomes (greater compensation is associated with worse outcomes), and legal systems that discourage compensation for pain produce better health outcomes. One study found that, among persons with carpal tunnel syndrome, claimants had worse outcomes than nonclaimants despite receiving more treatment; another examined the problematic relationship between complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) and compensation and found that cases of CRPS are dominated by legal claims, a disparity that highlights the dominant role of compensation. Workers’ compensation claimants are almost never evaluated for personality disorders or mental illness. The article concludes with recommendations that evaluators can consider in individual cases.

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