Effects of tillage and traffic on crop production in dryland farming systems: II. Long-term simulation of crop production using the PERFECT model

2008 ◽  
Vol 100 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 25-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y LI ◽  
J TULLBERG ◽  
D FREEBAIRN ◽  
N MCLAUGHLIN ◽  
H LI
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Dryland Farming ◽  
Perfect Model

scholarly journals Effects of Parent Material and Land Use on the Variability of Available Cu in a Wetland Soil under Long-Term Farming System

2019 ◽  
pp. 43-53
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Dynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Wetland Soils ◽  
Wetland Soil

The study was carried out in the dry season to evaluate the variation in available Cu in wetland soil under long-term farming systems. Twenty four surface (0-20 cm) composite soil samples of acidic nature were obtained and analyzed for available Cu in the soils using five extractants (0.01M HCl, Coca-cola, 0.05M EDTA, 0.05M DTPA, and 1N NH4OAc) respectively. Some important soil char- acteristics like soil texture, pH, SOM, and ECEC were also determined and corre- lated with the extractable Cu. The result shows that the content of available Cu varied significantly from 1.72-10.76 mg kg-1 by DTPA and Coca-cola methods, and these were rated from low to moderate, respectively. The study further shows that, the comparative extraction capacity of these extractants followed the order: Coca-Cola > O.1N HCl > 0.05M EDTA > NH4OAc > 0.005M DTPA. The wide variability of the available Cu in the wetland soils under long-term farming sug- gests that the availability of Cu in the soil are haply influenced by the agricultural locations, type of land use systems and soil parent materials, respectively. Corre- lation data also indicated that the fractions of Cu by different extractants were in a state of dynamic equilibrium and dependent were on pH, organic matter, ECEC, and clay content. The marginally Cu content of the wetland soils suggests that the use of integrated organo-mineral fertilizer with copper sulphate com- pound (CuSO4.5H2O) is required to boost the soil Cu and hence increased crop production.

scholarly journals Bacterivorous nematodes correlate with soil fertility and improved crop production in an organic minimum tillage system

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan H. Schmidt ◽  
Johannes Hallmann ◽  
Maria R. Finckh
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Minimum Tillage ◽  
Cover Cropping ◽  
Organic Farming Systems

AbstractOrganic farming systems are generally based on intensive soil tillage for seed bed preparation and weed control, which in the long-term often leads to reduced soil fertility. To avoid this, organic farming systems need to adopt conservation agriculture practices, such as minimum tillage and diligent crop rotations. However, minimum tillage generally delays soil warming in spring causing reduced nitrogen mineralization and thus poor plant growth. This negative effect needs to be compensated. We hypothesize that, in a diverse crop rotation, organic minimum tillage based on frequent cover cropping and application of dead mulch will improve soil fertility and thus crop production as confirmed by a number of chemical and biological soil indicators.We made use of two long-term field experiments that compare typical organic plough-based systems (25 cm) with minimum tillage systems (<15 cm) including application of transfer mulch to potatoes. Both tillage systems were either fertilized with compost or equivalent amounts of mineral potassium and phosphate. In 2019, soil samples from both fields were collected and analyzed for soil pH, organic carbon, macro-, micronutrients, microbial biomass, microbial activity and total nematode abundance. In addition, performance of pea in the same soils was determined under greenhouse conditions.Results from the field experiments showed an increase of macronutrients (+52%), micronutrients (+11%), microbial biomass (+51%), microbial activity (+86%), and bacterivorous nematodes (+112%) in minimum tillage compared with the plough-based system. In the accompanying greenhouse bioassay, pea biomass was 45% higher under minimum than under plough tillage. In conclusion, the study showed that under organic conditions, soil fertility can be improved in minimum tillage systems by intensive cover cropping and application of dead mulch to levels higher than in a plough-based system. Furthermore, the abundance of bacterivorous nematodes can be used as a reliable indicator for the soil fertility status.

Pyrolytic descriptors responsive to changes in humic acid characteristics after long-term sustainable management of dryland farming systems in Central Spain

2003 ◽  
Vol 68-69 ◽  
pp. 299-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Dorado ◽  
Francisco-Javier González-Vila ◽  
Marı́a-Cristina Zancada ◽  
Gonzalo Almendros ◽  
Cristina López-Fando
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Central Spain ◽  
Dryland Farming

Impact of long-term trials on crop production research and education

2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Jolánkai ◽  
F. Nyárai ◽  
K. Kassai
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Ecological Models ◽  
Dynamic Databases ◽  
Production Research ◽  
Research And Education

Long-term trials have a twofold role in life sciences, acting as both live laboratories and public collections. Long-term trials are not simply scientific curios or the honoured relics of a museum, but highly valuable live ecological models that can never be replaced or restarted if once terminated or suspended. These trials provide valuable and dynamic databases for solving scientific problems. The present paper is intended to give a brief summary of the crop production aspects of long-term trials.

Influence of NPK fertilization on weed flora in maize field

2014 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Éva Lehoczky ◽  
M. Kamuti ◽  
N. Mazsu ◽  
J. Tamás ◽  
D. Sáringer-Kenyeres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Nutrition ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
N Availability ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Maize Field ◽  
Weed Flora ◽  
Npk Fertilization

Plant nutrition is one of the most important intensification factors of crop production. The utilization of nutrients, however, may be modified by a number of production factors, including weed presence. Thus, the knowledge of occurring weed species, their abundance, nutrient and water uptake is extremely important to establish an appropriate basis for the evaluation of their risks or negative effects on crops. That is why investigations were carried out in a long-term fertilization experiment on the influence of different nutrient supplies (Ø, PK, NK, NPK) on weed flora in maize field.The weed surveys recorded similar diversity on the experimental area: the species of A. artemisiifolia, S. halepense and D. stramonium were dominant, but C. album and C. hybridum were also common. These species and H. annuus were the most abundant weeds.Based on the totalized and average data of all treatments, density followed the same tendency in the experimental years. It was the highest in the PK treated and untreated plots, and significantly exceeded the values of NK fertilized areas. Presumably the better N availability promoted the development of nitrophilic weeds, while the mortality of other small species increased.Winter wheat and maize forecrops had no visible influence on the diversity and the intensity of weediness. On the contrary, there were consistent differences in the density of certain weed species in accordance to the applied nutrients. A. artemisiifolia was present in the largest number in the untreated control and PK fertilized plots. The density of S. halepense and H. annuus was also significantly higher in the control areas. The number of their individuals was smaller in those plots where N containing fertilizers were used. Contrary to them, the density of D. stramonium, C. album and C. hybridum was the highest in the NPK treatments.

Micro and Macro-level Analysis of Crop Diversification: Evidence from an Agrarian State West Bengal

2020 ◽  
pp. 489-499
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Structure Questionnaire ◽  
Crop Diversification ◽  
The Status ◽  
Block Level ◽  
Diversified Farming Systems

The farming system in West Bengal is being shifted by integration between the set of cash crops and the main food harvest process. This change in diversified farming systems, where smallholders have a production base in rice can complement production; affect technical efficiency and farm performance. The goal of this study was to investigate the status of crop diversification on smallholders in West Bengal. First, crop diversification regions were developed in West Bengal based on the Herfindahl index, which were categorized into three regions. Three sample districts were studied separately at the block level, and 915 small farmers from 41 sample villages of 9 sample blocks were interviewed through a good structure questionnaire for field studies from the sample districts. West Bengal was gradually moving towards multiple crop production. Furthermore, increasing rice production reduced the marginal use of inputs for the production of other crops. Farming and other vital factors such as HYVs area to GCA, average holding size and per capita income in some districts of West Bengal can be identified as determinants of crop diversification.

Effects of long-term (42 years) tillage sequence on soil chemical characteristics in a dryland farming system

2021 ◽  
Vol 212 ◽  
pp. 105064
Author(s):  
Flackson Tshuma ◽  
Francis Rayns ◽  
Johan Labuschagne ◽  
James Bennett ◽  
Pieter Andreas Swanepoel
Keyword(s):  
Farming System ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Dryland Farming
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document