Co-incorporation of green manure and rice straw improves rice production, soil chemical, biochemical and microbiological properties in a typical paddy field in southern China

2020 ◽  
Vol 197 ◽  
pp. 104499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guopeng Zhou ◽  
Songjuan Gao ◽  
Yanhong Lu ◽  
Yulin Liao ◽  
Jun Nie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Paddy Field ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Microbiological Properties

scholarly journals Organic manure managements increases soil microbial community structure and diversity in double-cropping paddy field of Southern China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiming Tang ◽  
Xiaoping Xiao ◽  
Chao Li ◽  
Xiaochen Pan ◽  
Kaikai Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Paddy Field ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Organic Manure ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Double Cropping ◽  
Soil Bacterial

AbstractThe soil physicochemical properties were affected by different fertilizer managements, and the soil microbial communities were changed. Fertilizer regimes were closely relative to the soil texture and nutrient status in a double-cropping paddy field of southern China. However, there was limited information about the influence of different long-term fertilizer management practices on the soil microbial communities in a double-cropping rice (Oryza sativa L.) fields. Therefore, the 39-year long-term fertilizer regimes on soil bacterial and fungal diversity in a double-cropping paddy field of southern China were studied by using Illumina sequencing and quantitative PCR technology in the present paper. The filed experiment were including chemical fertilizer alone (MF), rice straw residue and chemical fertilizer (RF), 30% organic manure and 70% chemical fertilizer (OM), and without fertilizer input as a control (CK). The results showed that diversity indices of soil microbial communities with application of organic manure and rice straw residue treatments were higher than that without fertilizer input treatment. Application of organic manure and rice straw residue managements increase soil bacterial abundance of the phylum Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Gammaproteobacteria, and soil fungi abundance of the phylum Basidiomycota, Zygomycota and Tremellales were also increased. Compared with CK treatment, the value of Richness, Shannon and McIntosh indices, and taxonomic diversity were increased with RF and OM treatments. This finding demonstrated that RF and OM treatments modify soil bacterial and fungal diversity. Therefore, the combined application of organic manure or rice straw residue with chemical fertilizer managements could significantly increase the abundance of profitable functional bacteria and fungi species in double-cropping rice fields of southern China.

scholarly journals Application of Organic Fertilizer Tithonia Plus to Control Iron Toxicity and Reduce Commercial Fertilizer Application on New Paddy Field

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Nurhajati Hakim ◽  
Agustian . ◽  
Yanti Mala
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Paddy Field ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Iron Toxicity ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Commercial Fertilizer ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
And Control

Ferrous toxicity is a one of the problems most often found in lowland rice systems in tropical and sub-tropical regionespecially in new paddy field (NPF) on Ultisols and Oxisols. Flooding during rice growth creates a chemicallyreduced state in soils causing reduction of insoluble (Fe3+) to soluble (Fe2+) form even at excessive level. ExcessiveFe2+ uptake is eventually the main cause of iron toxicity. The purpose of this study was to find an appropriateformulation of organic fertilizer Tithonia plus (OFTP) to control the iron toxicity, reduce the application of commercialfertilizers (CF) and increase rice production at various ages of NPF. The field experiment was conducted in farmerfields in Sitiung, Koto Baru sub-district, Dharmasraya district of West Sumatra province. Experimental design usedwas a factorial 2 x 6 in a split plot design. The main plot (A), the age of the opening of NPF were: 0 year;and 2 years;Subplot (B) a formulation of OFTP were: 2 Mg Tithonia ha-1 + 75% of CF; 2 Mg Tithonia ha-1 + 5 Mg rice strawha-1 + 50% of CF; 4 Mg Tithonia ha-1 + 25% of CF and three treatmens without Tithonia i.e. 5 Mg rice straw ha-1 +75% of CF; 2 Mg animal cow manure ha-1 + 75% of CF, and 100% of CF. Liming with 500 kg CaCO3 ha-1were appliedfor all treatments. The results showed the use of OFTP increased the nutrients availability such as N, P, and K onNPF and control the iron toxicity. The appropriate formulation of OFTP to control the iron toxicity and reduced theapplication of chemical fertilizer for higher rice production at NPF were two options: (1) 2 Mg of Tithonia ha-1 + 5 Mgof rice straw ha-1 + 50% of commercial fertilizers; and (2) 2 Mg of Tithonia ha-1 + 75% of commercial fertilizers. In thiscase the reducing of commercial fertilizers application were 50% and 25%, respectively.[How to Cite: Hakim N, Agustian and Y Mala. 2012. Application of Organic Fertilizer Tithonia Plus to Control Iron Toxicity and Reduce Commercial Fertilizer Application on New Paddy Field. J Trop Soils 17: 135-142. Doi: 10.5400/jts.2012.17.2.135][Permalink/DOI: www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2012.17.2.135]

Functional soil organic matter fractions in response to long-term fertilizer management in a double-cropping paddy field of southern China

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Haiming Tang ◽  
Chao Li ◽  
Lihong Shi ◽  
Li Wen ◽  
Kaikai Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Paddy Field ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Rice Paddy ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Protection Mechanism ◽  
Rice Paddy Field ◽  
Double Cropping

Abstract Soil organic matter (SOM) and its fractions play an important role in maintaining or improving soil quality and soil fertility. Therefore, the effects of a 34-year long-term fertilizer regime on six functional SOM fractions under a double-cropping rice paddy field of southern China were studied in the current paper. The field experiment included four different fertilizer treatments: chemical fertilizer alone (MF), rice straw residue and chemical fertilizer (RF), 30% organic manure and 70% chemical fertilizer (OM) and without fertilizer input as control (CK). The results showed that coarse unprotected particulate organic matter (cPOM), biochemically, physically–biochemically and chemically protected silt-sized fractions (NH-dSilt, NH-μSilt and H-dSilt) were the main carbon (C) storage fractions under long-term fertilization conditions, accounting for 16.7–26.5, 31.1–35.6, 16.2–17.3 and 7.5–8.2% of the total soil organic carbon (SOC) content in paddy soil, respectively. Compared with control, OM treatment increased the SOC content in the cPOM, fine unprotected POM fraction, pure physically protected fraction and physico-chemically protected fractions by 58.9, 106.7, 117.6 and 28.3%, respectively. The largest proportion of SOC to total SOC in the different fractions was biochemically protected, followed by chemically and unprotected, and physically protected were the smallest. These results suggested that a physical protection mechanism plays an important role in stabilizing C of paddy soil. In summary, the results showed that higher functional SOM fractions and physical protection mechanism play an important role in SOM cycling in terms of C sequestration under the double-cropping rice paddy field.

scholarly journals Mass and Energy Balances of Dry Thermophilic Anaerobic Digestion Treating Swine Manure Mixed with Rice Straw

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng Zhou ◽  
Jining Zhang ◽  
Guoyan Zou ◽  
Shohei Riya ◽  
Masaaki Hosomi
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Swine Manure ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Methane Yield ◽  
Manure Treatment ◽  
Thermophilic Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Forage Rice ◽  
Energy Balances ◽  
Mass And Energy Balances

To evaluate the feasibility of swine manure treatment by a proposed Dry Thermophilic Anaerobic Digestion (DT-AD) system, we evaluated the methane yield of swine manure treated using a DT-AD method with rice straw under different C/N ratios and solid retention time (SRT) and calculated the mass and energy balances when the DT-AD system is used for swine manure treatment from a model farm with 1000 pigs and the digested residue is used for forage rice production. A traditional swine manure treatment Oxidation Ditch system was used as the study control. The results suggest that methane yield using the proposed DT-AD system increased with a higher C/N ratio and shorter SRT. Correspondently, for the DT-AD system running with SRT of 80 days, the net energy yields for all treatments were negative, due to low biogas production and high heat loss of digestion tank. However, the biogas yield increased when the SRT was shortened to 40 days, and the generated energy was greater than consumed energy when C/N ratio was 20:1 and 30:1. The results suggest that with the correct optimization of C/N ratio and SRT, the proposed DT-AD system, followed by using digestate for forage rice production, can attain energy self-sufficiency.

scholarly journals The impacts of paddy field conversion and climate change on rice production in Tegal Regency, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 200 ◽  
pp. 012013
Author(s):  
R B J Wardhana ◽  
Komariah ◽  
Mujiyo ◽  
J Winarno ◽  
Sumani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Paddy Field ◽  
Rice Production

scholarly journals An assessment of irrigated rice production energy efficiency and environmental footprint with in-field and off-field rice straw management practices

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen-Van-Hung ◽  
Bjoern Ole Sander ◽  
James Quilty ◽  
Carlito Balingbing ◽  
Angeli Grace Castalone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Complete Removal ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Environmental Footprint ◽  
Management Scenarios ◽  
Straw Management ◽  
Land Preparation

AbstractThe research provided scientific evidences for improved rice straw management. Rice cultivation with in-field burning of rice straw is the worst option with the lowest energy efficiency and highest air pollution emission. This article comprises a comparative assessment of energy efficiency and the environmental footprint of rice production using four different rice straw management scenarios, namely, straw retained, straw burned, partial straw removal, and complete straw removal. Paddy yield, grain quality, and energy balance were assessed for two seasons while greenhouse gas emissions (GHGE) were measured weekly starting from land preparation through to the cropping and fallow period. Despite the added energy requirements in straw collection and transport, the use of collected rice straw for mushroom production can increase the net energy obtained from rice production systems by 10–15% compared to burning straw in the field. Partial and complete removal of rice straw reduces GHGE by 30% and 40% compared to complete straw retention, respectively.

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