Quantitative and functional dynamics of circulating and endometrial polymorphonuclear leukocytes in healthy peripartum dairy cows

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leen Lietaer ◽  
Osvaldo Bogado Pascottini ◽  
Stijn Heirbaut ◽  
Kristel Demeyere ◽  
Leen Vandaele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes ◽  
Functional Dynamics

scholarly journals Effects of Intrauterine Infusion of a Chitosan Solution on Recovery and Subsequent Reproductive Performance of Early Postpartum Dairy Cows with Endometritis: A Pilot Field Trial

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 197
Author(s):  
Hiroaki Okawa ◽  
Missaka M.P. Wijayagunawardane ◽  
Peter L.A.M. Vos ◽  
Osamu Yamato ◽  
Masayasu Taniguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes ◽  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
Chitosan Solution ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Early Postpartum Period ◽  
Early Postpartum ◽  
And Control

This study investigated the efficacy of intrauterine infusion of a chitosan solution (CHT) on uterine recovery in early postpartum dairy cows with or without endometritis, and their subsequent reproductive performance. In Experiment 1, cows with endometritis at 3 weeks postpartum were administered CHT (n = 5) and prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) (n = 4). Untreated cows (n = 7) served as the control group. In Experiment 2, 18 cows with a normally recovered uterus at the fresh cow check (mean, 35 days postpartum) were assigned to the CHT (n = 10) and control (n = 8) groups, and intrauterine infusion was conducted in the CHT group. Overall, in Experiment 1, the percentage of polymorphonuclear leukocytes significantly declined in the CHT group (32.3 ± 10.2 to 5.5 ± 2.4, p < 0.05) from week 3 to week 5, but no decline occurred in the PGF2α and control groups. In Experiment 2, the CHT and control groups showed no significant differences in reproductive parameters, suggesting the absence of adverse effects of CHT on fertility. These results suggest that intrauterine infusion of CHT in the early postpartum period effectively accelerates uterine recovery from endometritis and might be a suitable replacement for PGF2α administration.

scholarly journals Flow Cytometric Assessment of the Viability and Functionality of Uterine Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes in Postpartum Dairy Cows

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1081
Author(s):  
Leen Lietaer ◽  
Kristel Demeyere ◽  
Stijn Heirbaut ◽  
Evelyne Meyer ◽  
Geert Opsomer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Flow Cytometric ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Uterine Health ◽  
Intracellular Proteolysis ◽  
Friesian Cows

Postpartum dairy cows experience impaired peripheral polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) functionality, which has been associated with reproductive tract inflammatory diseases. However, it has not been elucidated yet whether endometrial PMN functionality is (equally) impaired. We developed a method for endometrial PMN isolation and flow cytometric assessment of their viability and functionality. We also evaluated PMN immunolabeling, using a specific bovine granulocyte marker, CH138A. Blood and endometrial cytobrush samples were collected in duplicate from seventeen clinically healthy Holstein-Friesian cows between 9 and 37 days in milk. The proportion of viable, apoptotic, and necrotic PMN in endometrial samples roughly ranged from 10 to 80%, indicating highly dynamic endometrial PMN populations in the postpartum uteri. Endometrial PMN functionality testing revealed that PMN immunolabeling increased the accuracy, although this protocol might influence the median fluorescence intensity of the sample. Phagocytosis seemed the most stable and reliable endometrial PMN function and could be assessed satisfactorily without prior CH138A immunolabeling. However, the interpretation of oxidative burst and intracellular proteolysis tests remains challenging. The correlation between peripheral and endometrial PMN functionality was poor. Further research is warranted to unravel the role of uterine PMN viability and functionality in bovine uterine health.

Effects of extracellular Ca2+ on phagocytosis and intracellular Ca2+ concentrations in polymorphonuclear leukocytes of postpartum dairy cows

2003 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.J.T. Ducusin ◽  
Y. Uzuka ◽  
E. Satoh ◽  
M. Otani ◽  
M. Nishimura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes

scholarly journals Intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species Production by Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes in Bovine Leukemia Virus-Infected Dairy Cows

2012 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Nogueira de SOUZA ◽  
Maiara Garcia BLAGITZ ◽  
Andréia Oliveira LATORRE ◽  
Eduardo Milton RAMOS SANCHEZ ◽  
Camila Freitas BATISTA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Bovine Leukemia Virus ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species Production ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Species Production

Respiratory burst activity of blood and milk neutrophils in dairy cows during different stages of lactation

2001 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
JALIL MEHRZAD ◽  
HILDE DOSOGNE ◽  
EVELYNE MEYER ◽  
ROGER HEYNEMAN ◽  
CHRISTIAN BURVENICH
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Respiratory Burst ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Burst Activity ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Respiratory Burst Activity ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows

The non-stimulated and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-stimulated luminol-augmented cellular chemiluminescence (CL) response and viability of milk and blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) were determined in lactating dairy cows during different stages of lactation. In the first study, ten healthy cows each in early, mid and late lactation were compared. In a second study, the same measurements as in the first study were evaluated longitudinally in 12 cows during 1 month following parturition. The CL activity and myeloperoxidase (MPO) content of milk PMN and macrophages (M) were also compared. Milk M did not possess MPO activity and were devoid of any luminol-enhanced CL. The CL activity of milk and blood PMN was significantly lower in early lactation than in mid and late lactation (P < 0·001). Whereas little changes were observed in viability of blood PMN, the viability of milk PMN was lower in early lactation than in mid and late lactation (P < 0·001). The percentage of PMN in isolated milk cells was also lower during early lactation than during mid and late lactation (P < 0·001). The CL activity in response to PMA during early, mid and late lactation increased 13, 59 and 42-fold in blood PMN and 1·7, 2·6 and 2·4-fold in milk PMN, respectively, in comparison with non-stimulated PMN. The CL activity, both in milk and blood PMN, the milk PMN viability and the percentage of milk PMN were lowest between 3 d and 11 d post partum. These observed changes immediately after calving could contribute to a higher susceptibility to mastitis in that period.

scholarly journals Prevalence of opportunistic fungi and their possible role in postpartum endometritis in dairy cows

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdollah Derakhshandeh ◽  
Seyed Morteza Aghamiri ◽  
Mohammad Rahim Ahmadi ◽  
Abdollah Mirzaei
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Opportunistic Fungi ◽  
Positive Rate ◽  
Holstein Dairy Cows

The aim of this study was to identify fungal infections by culture from uterine lavages of 172 Holstein dairy cows between 25 and 35 days postpartum and two weeks later. In the first examination, 61/172 (35.5%) cows were suffering from clinical endometritis. The positive rate of fungal growth was fifteen (8.7 %) swabs and the remaining 157 (91.3%) showed no fungal growth. The most frequently isolated fungi were <em>Aspergillus</em> spp. (60%) followed by <em>Penicillium</em> spp. (26%) and Yeast (13%). In the second examination, 20/128 (16%) cows showed endometritis. Nine (5.5%) swabs were fungal positive. No significant differences between cows with positive and negative fungal cultures in the percentage of polymorphonuclear leukocytes of cytological samples were seen. In conclusion, treatment of cows affected with postpartum endometritis with intrauterine infusion of oxytetracycline, hygiene of bed, number of cows in one yard, age and parity of cows may cause increase in incidence of mycotic endometritis.

Ultrastructure of pulmonary microvasculature in acute endotoxemia

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 470-471
Author(s):  
R. G. Gerrity ◽  
M. Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes ◽  
Alveolar Epithelium ◽  
Endothelial Damage ◽  
Capillary Endothelium ◽  
Type Ii Cells ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Interstitial Edema ◽  
Pulmonary Capillaries ◽  
Lung Ultrastructure ◽  
Fibrin Thrombi

Dogs were injected intravenously with E_. coli endotoxin (2 mg/kg), and lung samples were taken at 15 min., 1 hr. and 24 hrs. At 15 min., occlusion of pulmonary capillaries by degranulating platelets and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PML) was evident (Fig. 1). Capillary endothelium was intact but endothelial damage in small arteries and arterioles, accompanied by intraalveolar hemorrhage, was frequent (Fig. 2). Sloughing of the surfactant layer from alveolar epithelium was evident (Fig. 1). At 1 hr., platelet-PML plugs were no longer seen in capillaries, the endothelium of which was often vacuolated (Fig. 3). Interstitial edema and destruction of alveolar epithelium were seen, and type II cells had discharged their granules into the alveoli (Fig. 4). At 24 hr. phagocytic PML's were frequent in peripheral alveoli, while centrally, alveoli and vessels were packed with fibrin thrombi and PML's (Fig. 5). In similar dogs rendered thrombocytopenic with anti-platelet serum, lung ultrastructure was similar to that of controls, although PML's were more frequently seen in capillaries in the former (Fig. 6).

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