Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells rescue rat hippocampal cells from aluminum oxide nanoparticle-induced apoptosis via regulation of P53, Aβ, SOX2, OCT4, and CYP2E1

Our study intends to assess the relationship between exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC-exo) and breast cancer. BMSC-exo were isolated and characterized by transmission electron microscopy. After transfection of BMSCs with miR-204 inhibitor, breast cancer cells were incubated with BMSC-exo followed by analysis of cell proliferation by CCK-8 assay, cell apoptosis by flow cytometry, and expression of apoptosis-related protein and NF-κB signaling by western blot. The co-culture of BMSC-exo with breast cancer cells enhanced miR-204 transcription, inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis. Further, BMSC-exo accelerated apoptosis as demonstrated by the increased level of Bax and casepase-3 and decreased Bcl-2 expression, as well as reduced NF-κB signaling activity. But knockdown of miR-204 abolished the effect of BMSC-exo on apoptosis and proliferation with NF-κB signaling activation. In conclusion, miR-204 from BMSC-exo restrains growth of breast cancer cell and might be a novel target for treating breast cancer.

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Exosomes Derived from Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cells Alleviate Compression-Induced Nucleus Pulposus Cell Apoptosis by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity ◽

10.1155/2021/2310025 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

Yiqiang Hu ◽

Ranyang Tao ◽

Linfang Wang ◽

Lang Chen ◽

Ze Lin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Stem Cells ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Nucleus Pulposus ◽

Cell Apoptosis ◽

Nucleus Pulposus Cell ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Induced Apoptosis ◽

Ivd Degeneration

Oxidative stress is relevant in compression-induced nucleus pulposus (NP) cell apoptosis and intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration. Exosomes derived from bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs-Exos) are key secretory products of MSCs, with important roles in tissue regeneration. This research is aimed at studying the protective impact of BMSCs-Exos on NP cell apoptosis caused by compression and investigating the underlying mechanisms. Our results indicated that we isolated BMSCs successfully. Exosomes were isolated from the BMSCs and found to alleviate the inhibitory effect that compression has on proliferation and viability in NP cells, decreasing the toxic effects of compression-induced NP cells. AnnexinV/PI double staining and TUNEL assays indicated that the BMSCs-Exos reduced compression-induced apoptosis. In addition, our research found that BMSCs-Exos suppressed compression-mediated NP oxidative stress by detecting the ROS and malondialdehyde level. Furthermore, BMSCs-Exos increased the mitochondrial membrane potential and alleviated compression-induced mitochondrial damage. These results indicate that BMSCs-Exos alleviate compression-mediated NP apoptosis by suppressing oxidative stress, which may provide a promising cell-free therapy for treating IVD degeneration.

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NGF mediates protection of mesenchymal stem cells-conditioned medium against 2,5-hexanedione-induced apoptosis of VSC4.1 cells via Akt/Bad pathway

Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry ◽

10.1007/s11010-020-03727-5 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 469 (1-2) ◽

pp. 53-64

Author(s):

Qiufang Bai ◽

Ming Zou ◽

Jizhi Zhang ◽

Ye Tian ◽

Fei Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Conditioned Medium ◽

Induced Apoptosis

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Hypoxia-Preconditioned Wharton’s Jelly-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Mitigate Stress-Induced Apoptosis and Ameliorate Human Islet Survival and Function in Direct Contact Coculture System

Stem Cells International ◽

10.1155/2020/8857457 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-14

Author(s):

Somayeh Keshtkar ◽

Maryam Kaviani ◽

Zahra Jabbarpour ◽

Fatemeh Sabet Sarvestani ◽

Mohammad Hossein Ghahremani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Human Islets ◽

Wharton’S Jelly ◽

Isolated Pancreatic Islets ◽

Wharton's Jelly ◽

Coculture System ◽

Induced Apoptosis ◽

And Function ◽

Islet Survival

Protection of isolated pancreatic islets against hypoxic and oxidative damage-induced apoptosis is essential during a pretransplantation culture period. A beneficial approach to maintain viable and functional islets is the coculture period with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Hypoxia preconditioning of MSCs (Hpc-MSCs) for a short time stimulates the expression and secretion of antiapoptotic, antioxidant, and prosurvival factors. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the survival and function of human islets cocultured with Hpc-MSCs. Wharton’s jelly-derived MSCs were subjected to hypoxia (5% O2: Hpc) or normoxia (20% O2: Nc) for 24 hours and then cocultured with isolated human islets in direct and indirect systems. Assays of viability and apoptosis, along with the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α), apoptotic pathway markers, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the islets, were performed. Insulin and C-peptide secretions as islet function were also evaluated. Hpc-MSCs and Nc-MSCs significantly reduced the ROS production and HIF-1α protein aggregation, as well as downregulation of proapoptotic proteins and upregulation of antiapoptotic marker along with increment of VEGF secretion in the cocultured islet. However, the Hpc-MSCs groups were better than Nc-MSCs cocultured islets. Hpc-MSCs in both direct and indirect coculture systems improved the islet survival, while promotion of function was only significant in the direct cocultured cells. Hpc potentiated the cytoprotective and insulinotropic effects of MSCs on human islets through reducing stressful markers, inhibiting apoptosis pathway, enhancing prosurvival factors, and promoting insulin secretion, especially in direct coculture system, suggesting the effective strategy to ameliorate the islet quality for better transplantation outcomes.

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