Thiamethoxam-induced hematological, biochemical, and genetic alterations and the ameliorated effect of Moringa oleifera in male mice

AbstractThe combination of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs: lamivudine, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and efavirenz is among the preferred first-line regimens for adolescents and adults infected with HIV. However, knowledge on in vivo genetic and reproductive toxicity of each of these drugs and their combination is limited. We evaluated the genotoxicity of lamivudine, TDF, efavirenz and their combination utilizing the mouse micronucleus (MN) and sperm morphology tests. Histopathological analysis of the testes of exposed mice was also carried out. 0.016, 0.032, 0.064 and 0.129 mg/kg bwt of lamivudine, TDF and the combination; and 0.032, 0.064, 0.129 and 0.259 mg/kg bwt of efavirenz corresponding to 0.125, 0.250, 0.500 and 1.000 x the human therapeutic daily dose (HTD) of each of the ARVs and their combinations were administered to mice for 5 consecutive days. Data on MN showed a significant increase (p < 0.05) across the tested doses of TDF, efavirenz and the combination, with the combination inducing lower frequency of MN than TDF and efavirenz. Lamivudine did not evoke significant induction of MN. Significant increase in frequency of abnormal sperm cells were observed in the tested samples, however, the combination induced the highest number of abnormal spermatozoa. The ARVs and their combination induced pathological lesions such as vacuolation and necrosis in mice testes. These findings suggest that the individual ARVs and their combination are potentially capable of activating genetic alterations in the bone marrow and germ cells of male mice thereby raising concern for long term use by HIV patients.

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GASTROPROTECTIVE AND ANTIOXIDANT EFFECTS OF POWDERED LEAVES OF MORINGA OLEIFERA AGAINST EXPERIMENTALLY INDUCED PEPTIC ULCER IN MALE MICE

Pakistan Journal of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering and Veterinary Sciences ◽

10.47432/2020.36.2.8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 141-148

Author(s):

N. Latif ◽

M. A. Naeem ◽

A. Rashid ◽

B. Aslam ◽

M. M. Ashraf

Keyword(s):

Peptic Ulcer ◽

Adult Male ◽

Moringa Oleifera ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Mucosal Damage ◽

Gastric Mucosal Damage ◽

Male Mice ◽

Healthy Adult Male ◽

Total Antioxidant ◽

Antioxidant Effects

Moringa oleifera is used worldwide for its different pharmacological actions. In present study, the gastroprotective and antioxidant effects of M. oleifera were investigated in aspirin induced peptic ulcer in adult male mice. For that purpose, sixty healthy adult male mice were divided equally but randomlyinto 6 groups. Blood samples were drawn at 0 and 7 days of treatment. At the termination of experiment, the mice were slaughtered and stomach tissues were excised for histopathological examination. Statistical differences among treatment groups were determined by Duncan’s Multiple Range test at 5% level of significance. The results suggested that aspirin induced gastric mucosal damage significantly (P<0.05) increased the level of total oxidant status and malondialdehyde, while significantly (P<0.05) decreased catalase and total antioxidant capacity. It was concluded that M. oleifera leaves’ powder at the dose rate of 600 mg/kg is as efficacious as omeprazole by exhibiting gastroprotective and antioxidant effects against aspirin induced gastric damage in mice.

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Toxicity of silk dye waste on lung of swiss albino male mice mus musculus and its mitigation by using moringa oleifera leaf extract

International Journal of Current Advanced Research ◽

10.24327/ijcar.2017.2660.0068 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 2657-2660

Author(s):

Keyword(s):

Mus Musculus ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Moringa Oleifera ◽

Male Mice

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IMMUNOMODULATORY EFFECT TEST FROM MORINGA LEAF EXTRACT (MORINGA OLEIFERA L.) WITH CARBON CLEARANCE METHOD IN MALE WHITE MICE

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i9.26703 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 241

Author(s):

Dwisari Dillasamola ◽

Yufri Aldi ◽

Mutia Fakhri ◽

Skunda Diliarosta ◽

Biomechy Oktomalio P ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Analysis Of Variance ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Moringa Oleifera ◽

White Male ◽

Immunomodulatory Effect ◽

Male Mice ◽

Carbon Clearance ◽

Phagocytosis Index ◽

Effect Test ◽

Moringa Leaf Extract

Objective: Moringa oleifera leaf has chemical compounds that have been utilized by the community to cure health problems. One of its activities is an immunomodulator. The aim of this study is to determine the immunomodulatory effect from M. oleifera leaf using a carbon clearance method to measure the activity of phagocytic cells in exterminating pathogens that enter the body then followed by calculating the total leukocyte cells. The parameters of this test are phagocytosis index and total leukocyte cells.Methods: Twenty white male mice were divided into four groups. Group I (vehicle control) was treated with sodium-carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) 0.5%, Group II-IV were treated by M. oleifera leaf extract given to the mice for six consecutive days orally in doses of 10, 30, 100 mg/kg. On the seventh day, white male mice were given with intravenous carbon suspension through their tails. The value of phagocytosis index (PI > 1) indicated immunostimulant activity. The data were analyzed by using one-way analysis of variance and Duncan test.Results: The analysis of variance results showed that the groups treated with Moringa leaf extract are significantly different with the vehicle groups (NaCMC 0.5%) (p<0.05). Increased doses of Moringa leaf extract are effective to improve the immunomodulator effect. It was included that Moringa leaf extract had the immunomodulatory capabilities as an immunostimulant.Conclusion: Immunomodulatory effect test of M. oleifera Lam. Based on the result of the research about immunomodulatory effect test from Moringa leaf extract (Moringa Oleifera L.) with carbon clearance method in male white mice, it can be concluded that Moringa leaf extract (Moringa Oleifera L.) has effect as an Immunomodulator.

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