A critical review on regulatory sample preparation methods: Validating solid-phase microextraction techniques

2019 ◽  
Vol 119 ◽  
pp. 115618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Lashgari ◽  
Varoon Singh ◽  
Janusz Pawliszyn
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Solid Phase Microextraction ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Microextraction Techniques ◽  
Sample Preparation Methods

scholarly journals Solid phase microextraction techniques used for gas chromatography: a review

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Dugheri ◽  
Nicola Mucci ◽  
Alessandro Bonari ◽  
Giorgio Marrubini ◽  
Giovanni Cappelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Solid Phase Microextraction ◽  
Method Development ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Environmentally Safe ◽  
Microextraction Techniques ◽  
Analytical Laboratories

In the last decade, the development and adoption of greener and sustainable microextraction techniques have been proved to be an effective alternative to classical sample preparation procedures. In this review, 10 commercially available solid-phase microextraction systems are presented, with special attention to the appraisal of their analytical, bioanalytical, and environmental engineering. This review provides an overview of the challenges and achievements in the application of fully automated miniaturized sample preparation methods in analytical laboratories. Both theoretical and practical aspects of these environment-friendly preparation approaches are discussed. The application of chemometrics in method development is also discussed. We are convinced that green analytical chemistry will be really useful in the years ahead. The application of cheap, fast, automated, “clever”, and environmentally safe procedures to environmental, clinical, and food analysis will improve significantly the quality of the analytical data.

scholarly journals Comparison of an Offline SPE–GC–MS and Online HS–SPME–GC–MS Method for the Analysis of Volatile Terpenoids in Wine

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cody Williams ◽  
Astrid Buica
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
White Wine ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Wine Quality ◽  
White Wines ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Odor Thresholds ◽  
Spe Method ◽  
Sample Preparation Methods

The aroma profile is an important marker for wine quality. Various classes of compounds are responsible for the aroma of wine, and one such class is terpenoids. In the context of this work, a validated gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) method for the quantitation of terpenoids in red and white wine using headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS–SPME) and solid-phase extraction (SPE) was established. Calibrations were performed in the respective base wine using both sample preparation methods. The linearity, precision and accuracy evaluated for the respective matrices were excellent for both sample preparations. However, the HS–SPME approach was more sensitive and more accurate. For both sample preparations, the quantification limits were lower than the odor thresholds in wine. The terpenoid concentrations (µg/L) were evaluated for 13 white wines using both sample preparation methods. Importantly, the online HS–SPME approach was more sensitive than the offline SPE method. The major terpenoids identified in the white wines evaluated were linalool (0.2–63 µg/L), geraniol (nd–66 µg/L) and α-terpineol (nd–85 µg/L).

scholarly journals On sample preparation methods for fermented beverage VOCs profiling by GCxGC-TOFMS

Metabolomics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Penghan Zhang ◽  
Silvia Carlin ◽  
Cesare Lotti ◽  
Fulvio Mattivi ◽  
Urska Vrhovsek
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
White Wine ◽  
Stir Bar Sorptive Extraction ◽  
Metabolomic Analysis ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Fermented Beverages ◽  
Targeted Profiling ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Sample Preparation Methods

Abstract Introduction Aromas and tastes have crucial influences on the quality of fermented beverages. The determination of aromatic compounds requires global non-targeted profiling of the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the beverages. However, experimental VOC profiling result depends on the chosen VOC collection method. Objectives This study aims to observe the impact of using different sample preparation techniques [dynamic headspace (DHS), vortex-assisted liquid–liquid microextraction (VALLME), multiple stir bar sorptive extraction (mSBSE), solid phase extraction (SPE), and solid phase micro-extraction (SPME)] to figure out the most suitable sample preparation protocol for profiling the VOCs from fermented beverages. Methods Five common sample preparation methods were studied with beer, cider, red wine, and white wine samples. After the sample preparation, collected VOCs were analyzed by two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with time of flight mass spectrometry (GCxGC-TOFMS). Results GCxGC oven parameters can be optimized with the Box–Behnken surface response model and response measure on peak dispersion. Due to the unavoidable column and detector saturation during metabolomic analysis, errors may happen during mass spectrum construction. Profiling results obtained with different sample preparation methods show considerable variance. Common findings occupy a small fraction of total annotated VOCs. For known fermentative aromas, best coverage can be reached by using SPME together with SPE for beer, and VALLME for wine and cider. Conclusions GCxGC-TOFMS is a promising tool for non-targeted profiling on VOCs from fermented beverages. However, a proper data processing protocol is lacking for metabolomic analysis. Each sample preparation method has a specific profiling spectrum on VOC profiling. The coverage of the VOC metabolome can be improved by combining complementary methods.

scholarly journals Solid Phase Microextraction and Related Techniques for Drugs in Biological Samples

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mahdi Moein ◽  
Rana Said ◽  
Fatma Bassyouni ◽  
Mohamed Abdel-Rehim
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Biological Samples ◽  
Solid Phase Microextraction ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Drug Analysis ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Recent Developments

In drug discovery and development, the quantification of drugs in biological samples is an important task for the determination of the physiological performance of the investigated drugs. After sampling, the next step in the analytical process is sample preparation. Because of the low concentration levels of drug in plasma and the variety of the metabolites, the selected extraction technique should be virtually exhaustive. Recent developments of sample handling techniques are directed, from one side, toward automatization and online coupling of sample preparation units. The primary objective of this review is to present the recent developments in microextraction sample preparation methods for analysis of drugs in biological fluids. Microextraction techniques allow for less consumption of solvent, reagents, and packing materials, and small sample volumes can be used. In this review the use of solid phase microextraction (SPME), microextraction in packed sorbent (MEPS), and stir-bar sorbtive extraction (SBSE) in drug analysis will be discussed. In addition, the use of new sorbents such as monoliths and molecularly imprinted polymers will be presented.

Recent achievements and applications of solid – phase microextraction in pesticide residues analysis in food

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-190
Author(s):  
Mária Andraščíková ◽  
Svetlana Hrouzková
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
Solid Phase Microextraction ◽  
Method Development ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Pesticides Residues ◽  
Fiber Coating ◽  
Food Matrices

Abstract The current trend in sample preparation methods is devoted to minimizing or eliminating the volume of extractive solvent. In this review, the focus on solid phase microextraction (SPME) as a solvent free sample preparation method for the isolation of pesticides residues in different food matrices is given. To achieve satisfactory extraction efficiency, selection of the fiber coating is an important step in the method development. Here, recent trends in new supporting materials and new fiber coatings development are discussed. Finally, applicability of SPME for the pesticide residues analysis in various food matrices using mainly chromatographic methods is also reviewed.

scholarly journals Ragweed components in honey

2017 ◽  
pp. 65-68
Author(s):  
Éva Nagy ◽  
Anna Novák ◽  
Lajos Daróczi ◽  
András Jávor
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Volatile Components ◽  
Solid Phase Micro Extraction ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Data Evolution ◽  
Sample Preparation Methods

The aim of this research was to prove that the syrup containing ragweed used for feeding the bees was transferred to the honey. To reach this goal we developed a method to analyse the volatile components of the samples. We applied two sample preparation methods. The first one was SPME (Solid Phase Micro Extraction) preparation from the headspace of all of the samples. In the second case only the raw leaves of the ragweed were extracted with n-hexane and dichloromethane to complete the SPME results. The measurements were performed on GC-MS equipment. Chromatograms and data evolution showed that the components of the ragweed were also present in honey so they were transferred by bees.

scholarly journals Recent Applications of Solid Phase Microextraction Coupled to Liquid Chromatography

Separations ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Carlo Zambonin ◽  
Antonella Aresta
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Solid Phase Microextraction ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Sample Matrix ◽  
Gas And Liquid Chromatography ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Sample Preparation Methods

Solid phase microextraction (SPME) is one of the most popular sample preparation methods which can be applied to organic compounds allowing the simultaneous extraction and pre-concentration of analytes from the sample matrix. It is based on the partitioning of the analyte between the extracting phase, generally immobilized on a fiber substrate, and the matrix (water, air, etc.), and has numerous advantages such as rapidity, simplicity, low cost, ease of use and automation, and absence of toxic solvents. Fiber SPME has been widely used in combination with various analytical instrumentation even if most of the work has been done coupling the extraction technique with gas and liquid chromatography (GC and LC). This manuscript presents an overview of the recent works (from 2010 to date) of solid phase microextraction coupled to liquid chromatography (SPME-LC) relevant to analytical applications performed using commercially available fibers or lab-made fibers already developed in previous papers, and to improved instrumental systems and approaches.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Sample Preparation Methods for Non-Target Screening of Organic Micropollutants in Urban Waters Using High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (23) ◽  
pp. 7064
Author(s):  
Nina Huynh ◽  
Emilie Caupos ◽  
Caroline Soares Peirera ◽  
Julien Le Roux ◽  
Adèle Bressy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Organic Micropollutants ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Sample Extraction ◽  
Target Screening ◽  
Molecular Weight Standard ◽  
Sample Preparation Methods

Non-target screening (NTS) has gained interest in recent years for environmental monitoring purposes because it enables the analysis of a large number of pollutants without predefined lists of molecules. However, sample preparation methods are diverse, and few have been systematically compared in terms of the amount and relevance of the information obtained by subsequent NTS analysis. The goal of this work was to compare a large number of sample extraction methods for the unknown screening of urban waters. Various phases were tested for the solid-phase extraction of micropollutants from these waters. The evaluation of the different phases was assessed by statistical analysis based on the number of detected molecules, their range, and physicochemical properties (molecular weight, standard recoveries, polarity, and optical properties). Though each cartridge provided its own advantages, a multilayer cartridge combining several phases gathered more information in one single extraction by benefiting from the specificity of each one of its layers.

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