Which cognitive training intervention can improve young drivers’ speed management on the road?

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 68-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleksandra Molloy ◽  
Brett R.C. Molesworth ◽  
Ann Williamson
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Training ◽  
Training Intervention ◽  
The Road ◽  
Young Drivers ◽  
Speed Management ◽  
On The Road

scholarly journals The Effects of ITS Application in Speed Management on State Road From Mali Pozarevac to Kragujevac

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomislav Petrović ◽  
Miloš Milosavljević ◽  
Milan Božović ◽  
Danislav Drašković ◽  
Milija Radović
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Speed Limit ◽  
Accident Risk ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Speed Management ◽  
On The Road

The application of intelligent transport systems (hereinafter ITSs) on roads enables continuous monitoring of road users during a whole year with the aim to collect good-quality data based on which the more complex analyses could be done, such as monitoring of certain traffic safety indicators. Automatic traffic counters are one of the most commonly implemented ITSs for collecting traffic flow parameters that are relevant for traffic management on state roads in Republic of Serbia. This paper presents one of the possible ways to collect, analyze and present data on road users’ speeds using automatic traffic counters, where certain traffic safety indicators are analyzed in terms of road users’ compliance with the speed limit on the road section from Mali Pozarevac to Kragujevac. Based on the analyses of data downloaded from automatic traffic counters, it is observed that an extremely high percentage of vehicles drive at speed higher than the speed limit, indicating clearly to higher traffic accident risk, as well as to the need for a tendency to implement speed management on roads using ITS in the forthcoming period.

scholarly journals ROAD SAFETY AWARENESS AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS: CASE STUDY AT MALAYSIA UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSEIN ONN MALAYSIA, JOHOR

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-65
Author(s):  
R. Abd Rahman ◽  
H. A. Mazle ◽  
W. M. Lim ◽  
M. I. Mohd Masirin ◽  
M. F. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Speed Limit ◽  
The Road ◽  
Young Drivers ◽  
Road Signs ◽  
Road Sign ◽  
Safety Awareness ◽  
On The Road

This descriptive study aims to assess the knowledge and awareness of road safety among university students. The study was conducted among students in Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia by means of questionnaire disseminated online via social media with shareable link to a Google form. The respondents were self-selected to participate in this study where their responses were self-administrated. Questionnaire consisted of 3 sections included demographic information, knowledge on road signs and road safety law, and road safety awareness. 371 students participated in this study, 66% of them age 23 to 27 years old, 61% were female, 92.5% of respondents have at least one type of license with majority agreed that occurrence of accidents resulted in an increase in road safety awareness. The study found that more than half of the participants could not recognise road sign like parking totally prohibited and speed limit ends here. While, 38% of them correctly identified posted speed limit for expressway. Overall, participants have fair understanding on road safety. Therefore, road safety programmes and education are still relevant to university students as young drivers on the road which is important to increase safety awareness.

scholarly journals Young and unaffected by road policing strategies: Using deterrence theory to explain provisional drivers’ (non)compliance

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyndel Bates ◽  
Millie J Darvell ◽  
Barry Watson
Keyword(s):  
Influential Factors ◽  
Deterrence Theory ◽  
Multiple Regressions ◽  
The Road ◽  
Young Drivers ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Theory Framework

Newly licenced drivers are disproportionately represented in traffic injuries and crash statistics. Despite the implementation of countermeasures designed to improve safety, such as graduated driver licencing (GDL) schemes, many young drivers do not comply with road rules. This study used a reconceptualised deterrence theory framework to investigate young drivers’ perceptions of the enforcement of road rules in general and those more specifically related to GDL. A total of 236 drivers aged 17–24 completed a questionnaire assessing their perceptions of various deterrence mechanisms (personal and vicarious) and their compliance with both GDL-specific and general road rules. Hierarchical multiple regressions conducted to explore noncompliant behaviour revealed that, contrary to theoretical expectations, neither personal nor vicarious punishment experiences affected compliance in the expected direction. Instead, the most influential factors contributing to noncompliance were licence type (P2) and, counterintuitively, having previously been exposed to enforcement. Parental enforcement was also significant in the prediction of transient rule violations, but not fixed rule violations or overall noncompliance. Findings are discussed in light of several possibilities, including an increase in violations due to more time spent on the road, an ‘emboldening effect’ noted in prior studies and possible conceptual constraints regarding the deterrence variables examined in this study.

Subsidiary-Task Assessment of age Differences in Attentional Capacity during Real and Simulated Driving: A Preliminary Analysis of the Data

1998 ◽  
Vol 42 (17) ◽  
pp. 1262-1265
Author(s):  
Frank Schieber ◽  
Michael L. Harms
Keyword(s):  
Age Differences ◽  
Information Overload ◽  
Mental Arithmetic ◽  
Arithmetic Task ◽  
Response Latencies ◽  
The Road ◽  
Young Drivers ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Vehicle Technologies ◽  
Task Conditions

Advances in ITS in-vehicle technologies promise to impose new information-processing demands upon drivers. Potential information “overload” problems may become especially acute among older drivers – the fastest growing segment of the driving population. In this investigation, the efficacy of a subsidiary task technique for detecting and quantifying age-differences in the attentional demands of driving-related tasks was evaluated. Young (mean age = 19.6) and old (mean age = 71.3) licensed drivers participated in a simulated as well as an on-the-road driving task while simultaneously performing a series of simple mental arithmetic computations. Response latencies on the mental arithmetic task slowed significantly for the old — but not young — drivers as the primary task of driving was made more difficult. Steering error did not change under dual-task versus single-task conditions suggesting that the mental arithmetic protocol was minimally intrusive for both young and older adults.

scholarly journals Processes of a Transformation of Young Drivers’ Responsibility for Health—Carpe Diem

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3634
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Kulik ◽  
Natalia Kajka ◽  
Monika Dacka
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Health Behaviours ◽  
Risky Behaviour ◽  
Risky Driving ◽  
Life Orientation ◽  
The Road ◽  
Young Drivers ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Multidimensional Health ◽  
Carpe Diem

Research most often deals with the relationship between risky behaviour on the road and other aspects of young adults’ lifestyle. It is rare that the sense of responsibility for one’s own life and health and for that of other people on the road is understood, due to the limitation of perceptual data. In this study, we researched 198 young adults (M = 19.75; SD = 1.11) using the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control, the Inventory of Health Behaviours, the Criteria of Health List and a student health survey. The chance of risky driving will increase by 50.7% among young adults as their understanding of health as a state increases. On the other hand, when young people feel that others are responsible for their lives, the likelihood of risky driving will drop by 6.4%. The hedonistic life orientation of a young adult had a significant impact on the results obtained which was connected with their understanding of health.

scholarly journals Mobile Phone Use “on the Road”: A Self-Report Study on Young Drivers

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelo Fraschetti ◽  
Pierluigi Cordellieri ◽  
Giulia Lausi ◽  
Emanuela Mari ◽  
Elena Paoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Accident Risk ◽  
Mobile Phone Use ◽  
The Road ◽  
Young Drivers ◽  
On The Road

BackgroundExtensive research showed that multitasking negatively affects driving performance. Multitasking activities can range from talking and texting to listening to music; particularly among young drivers, multitasking behavior is caused mainly from mobile phone use while driving which is one of the main causes of road accidents.ObjectiveThe main purpose of this study was to investigate whether some variables (e.g., Sensation-Seeking, preferences of Multitasking) could affect mobile phone use while driving in young drivers and whether any gender differences were present among the examined variables.Setting and participantsThe sample consists of 424 Italian students (56% males) with an age range of 18–21 years. A self-report questionnaire was specifically developed to assess variables such as: Attitude toward Multitasking, Perceived Self-efficacy in Multitasking, Accident Risk Perception, General Multitasking Habits, and Sensation Seeking.ResultsThrough SEM modeling, we found the attitude to multitasking while driving to be largely explained by the considered variables. Using multigroup analysis (MGSEM), the model we developed appears to be suitable for explaining the behaviors of both male and female young drivers. Furthermore, data comparison showed that females were more likely to risk perception toward multitasking, and risk perception when using a mobile phone while driving, while males obtained higher mean scores in Sensation Seeking, Perceived Self-Efficacy in Multitasking, and in Multitasking caused by mobile phone use while driving.ConclusionOur research showed how some variables may influence the inclination of some subjects to engage in multitasking while driving. Furthermore, we discussed the importance of considering these variables in the implementation of effective road safety education projects on driving multitasking.

scholarly journals 0136 Bright Light Could Be an Alternative to the Caffeine for Improving Driving Performance in Chronically Sleep-Deprived Young Drivers

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A53-A54
Author(s):  
S Shekari Soleimanloo ◽  
V Garcia-Hansen ◽  
M White ◽  
S S Smith
Keyword(s):  
Bright Light ◽  
Driving Performance ◽  
Baseline Condition ◽  
The Road ◽  
Circadian Phase ◽  
Young Drivers ◽  
Subjective Sleepiness ◽  
Within Subjects ◽  
Increased Sensitivity ◽  
On The Road

Abstract Introduction Young drivers are over-involved in sleepiness-related crashes. Daytime and nighttime exposure to light might shift the human circadian phase and alertness. The alerting effects of bright light were compared with those of caffeine in young drivers. Methods In a within-subjects study, 30 chronically sleep-deprived non-professional drivers (aged 18–24 years) completed two simulated daytime driving sessions per day across three consecutive days. Participants completed the first drive under a Baseline condition (non-caffeinated gum, 555 nm light, 0.3 µW/cm²), and the second drive under the randomized conditions of Light (500 nm, 230 µW/cm²), Caffeine (100 mg caffeinated gum) or the combination of Light and Caffeine. Using mixed-effects models, the alerting effects of these conditions on objective sleepiness (ECG beat-to-beat intervals), driving performance (lateral lane variability) and subjective sleepiness (scores on the Karolinska sleepiness scale; KSS) were examined. Results Compared to the Baseline condition, lateral lane variability decreased under the Light (P=0.011), Caffeine (P=0.0001), and the combination of Light and Caffeine (P=0.046). Lateral lane variability was lower under Caffeine when compared with the Light (P=0.009) or the combination of Light and Caffeine (P= 0.0001). Average beat-to-beat intervals increased from the Baseline condition to the Light (P=0.017), Caffeine (P=0. 0.0001), and the combination of Light and Caffeine conditions (P=0.0001). All three conditions significantly reduced subjective sleepiness compared to the Baseline condition (KSS= 4–5 vs KSS=6, P= 0.0001). Conclusion Bright light, either alone or combined with caffeine, improves driving performance and subjective sleepiness during daytime drives. Light might better improve objective sleepiness and other sleepiness indicators during nighttime when drivers are sleepier and have an increased sensitivity to the light. Further research would clarify how the circadian effects are aligned with the alerting effects of the light. Bright light, as an alternative to or combined with caffeine, could reduce sleep-related crashes on the road. Support NA

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