Detection and characterization of chemical contaminants in water network is paramount for water quality and water security. The current trend of monitoring the presence of contaminants is the batch sampling technique, where sample of water is collected and analyzed in the laboratory. While this technique is accurate, it fails to provide immediate information. In this work, the authors investigate the effectiveness of utilizing a fiber optics based sensor for detecting ammonia in water. In order for the system to sense ammonia, a small portion of the cladding of the fiber optic cable is stripped and replaced by a porous polymer material. A novel procedure of etching the glass cladding is reported. The modified cladding when interacts with ammonia causes a change in intensity of the electromagnetic wave flowing through the cable. The change in intensity caused by the modified cladding is studied parametrically which will help in forming a correlation between concentration of ammonia and absorbance.
Characterization of hydrogen plasma in a permanent ring magnet based helicon plasma source for negative ion source research
