High seroprevalence of rubella in Thai children with a 2-dose MMR national immunization policy

Vaccine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piyada Angsuwatcharakon ◽  
Thanyawee Puthanakit ◽  
Pornumpa Bunjoungmanee ◽  
Suvaporn Anugulruengkitt ◽  
Patchareeyawan Srimuan ◽  
...  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon A. Greene ◽  
Blanche-Philomene Melanga Anya ◽  
Humayun Asghar ◽  
Irtaza A. Chaudhri ◽  
S. Deblina Datta ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Countries are transitioning assets and functions from polio eradication to integrated immunization and surveillance activities. We assessed the extent of linkages between and perceptions of National Immunization Technical Advisory Groups (NITAGs) and National Certification Committees (NCCs) for polio eradication to understand how linkages can be leveraged to improve efficiencies of these expert bodies. Methods During May 2017 to May 2018, we administered a 15-question survey to a NITAG chair or member and an NCC counterpart in all countries of the WHO Regions for Africa (AFR) and for the Eastern Mediterranean (EMR) that had both a NITAG and an NCC. Data were analysed using frequency distributions. Results Of countries with both a NITAG and an NCC (n = 44), the response rate was 92% (22/24) in AFR and 75% (15/20) in EMR. Some respondents reported being very familiar with the functions of the other technical bodies, 36% (8/22) for NITAG members and 38% (14/37) for NCC members. Over 85% (51/59) of respondents felt it was somewhat useful or very useful to strengthen ties between bodies. Nearly all respondents (98%, 58/59) felt that NCC expertise could inform measles and rubella elimination programmes. Conclusions We observed a broad consensus that human resource assets of NCCs may serve an important technical role to support national immunization policy-making. At this stage of the polio eradication initiative, countries should consider how to integrate the technical expertise of NCC members to reinforce NITAGs and maintain the polio essential functions, beginning in countries that have been polio-free for several years.


1982 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 316-318
Author(s):  
H. Bruce Dull

AbstractThe Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) of the U.S. Public Health Service is responsible for making recommendations on the use of new vaccines and periodically revising those for established vaccines. Recommendations for pneumococcal vaccine were first issued in 1978 and revised in 1981. The changes which appear in the revision reflect the continuing maturation of the Committee's judgment on the vaccine and are a good example of the process by which the ACIP develops its recommendations on national immunization practices.


2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Clecio Dutra ◽  
Patricia Freire Vasconcelos ◽  
Flavia Magalhaes Monteiro ◽  
Vanessa Emille Freire ◽  
Pedro Holanda Souza Neto

RESUMOObjetivo: buscou-se avaliar a administração de imunobiológicos em salas de vacina de Unidades Básicas de Saúde da Família de um município do Nordeste brasileiro. Método: trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, investigativo, tipo pesquisa-ação. Coletaram-se os dados por meio da observação sistemática em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde da Família. Utilizaram-se roteiros a partir das recomendações do Manual de Normas e Procedimentos para Vacinação da Política Nacional de Imunização. Apresentaram-se os resultados por meio de tabelas. Resultados: constata-se que, em 57,1% das observações, o profissional não verificou a aparência da solução no frasco dos imunobiológicos e, em 14,3% dos casos, não foi verificado o prazo de validade. Salienta-se que em nenhum dos procedimentos foi realizada a higienização das mãos. Conclusão: percebe-se, com base nas recomendações propostas pela Política Nacional de Imunização, que as práticas envolvidas na administração de imunobiológicos se encontram distantes do que é preconizado. Observaram-se falhas envolvendo as técnicas adequadas de preparo, de armazenamento e de conservação dos imunobiológicos.  Descritores: Manejo; Vacinas; Administração; Atenção Primária à Saúde; Condutas; Erros.ABSTRACTObjective: to evaluate the immunobiological administration in vaccination rooms of the Basic Units of Family Health of a city in the Northeast of Brazil. Method: this is a quantitative, investigative, research-action type. The data were collected through systematic observation in a Basic Family Health Unit. The guidelines used were based on the recommendations of the Manual of Norms and Procedures for Vaccination of the National Immunization Policy. Results were presented by tables. Results: in 57.1% of the observations, the professional did not verify the appearance of the solution in the immunobiological vial and in 14.3% of the cases the expiration date was not verified. In none of the procedures, hand hygiene was performed. Conclusion: Based on the recommendations proposed by the National Immunization Policy, the practices involved in immunobiological administration are far from what is recommended. Failures involving appropriate techniques of immunobiological preparation, storage and preservation have been observed. Descriptors: Management; Vaccine; Administration; Primary Health Care; Conducts; Bias.RESUMENObjetivo: evaluar la administración de inmunobiológicos en salas de vacuna de Unidades Básicas de Salud de la Familia de un municipio del Nordeste brasileño. Método: se trata de un estudio cuantitativo, investigativo, tipo investigación-acción. Se recogieron los datos por medio de la observación sistemática en una Unidad Básica de Salud de la Familia. Se utilizaron guías a partir de las recomendaciones del Manual de Normas y Procedimientos para Vacunación de la Política Nacional de Inmunización. Se presentaron los resultados por medio de tablas. Resultados: se constata que, en 57,1% de las observaciones, el profesional no verificó la apariencia de la solución en el frasco de los inmunobiológicos y en 14,3% de los casos, no fue verificado el plazo de validez. Se salienta que en ninguno de los procedimientos fue realizada la higiene de las mãano. Conclusión: con base en las recomendaciones propuestas por la Política Nacional de Inmunización, que las prácticas envueltas en la administración de inmunobiológicos se encuentran distantes de lo que es recomendado. Se observaron fallas envolviendo las técnicas adecuadas de preparación, de almazenamiento y de conservación de los inmunobiológicos.  Descriptores: Manipulación; Vacunas; Administración; Atención Primaria a la Salud; Conductas; Errores.


Vaccine ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. A6-A12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maggie Bryson ◽  
Philippe Duclos ◽  
Ann Jolly ◽  
Jessica Bryson

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
pp. 1060-1063
Author(s):  
Hans P. Verbrugge

After a brief explanation of the immunization policy in the Netherlands, the national immunization program is described, with special attention given to coupling of the municipal population records with a computerized database of individual immunization records at the provincial level. The Dutch program achieves coverage rates greater than 90% for all routine immunizations. Participation in the program is free of charge to every child living in the country up to the age of 13 years, but there is no obligation or requirement to be immunized. Financing of the program is also discussed.


2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-98
Author(s):  
Shawn H.E. Harmon ◽  
David Faour ◽  
Noni MacDonald

The individual and community health benefits of vaccination have received significant attention and are now well understood. However, much less is known about immunization as a regulated space, its principles and standards and its institutions and instruments. In 2011, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended that National Immunization Technical Advisory Groups (NITAGs) be established in each member country. NITAGSs are envisioned as independent, multidisciplinary expert groups within the national immunization framework, tasked with providing evidence-based evaluations and recommendations to governmental decision-makers about specific vaccines, vaccine-dosing, vaccine program development and immunization policy and practice more generally. As of 2020, 171 WHO countries have formed NITAGs. The widespread formation of NITAGs has highlighted an absence of sustained scholarship around immunization as a policy area subject to law, and it has given rise to many governance and operational questions. In 2017, for example, representatives of the Global NITAG Network (GNN) agreed that there is insufficient understanding of the impact of law on the functioning of NITAGs. Similarly, the Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on Immunization called for research into the variety of ways in which legislation and regulation have been used to promote immunization at a national level and to achieve different ends in relation to immunization and NITAG functioning. In answer to this call, the NITAG Environmental Scan (Project) was initiated. Drawing on scholarship around good governance, this article offers a comprehensive common assessment schema for critically and systematically approaching questions about NITAG governance and operation, applying that schema to the foundation instrument of the Côte d’Ivoire’s NITAG. It also reports on how well the schema is engaged by the NITAG foundation instruments in other GNN countries.


2003 ◽  
Vol 118 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-143
Author(s):  
Philip J Smith ◽  
Ben Schwartz ◽  
Ali Mokdad ◽  
Alan B Bloch ◽  
Mary McCauley ◽  
...  

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