An Exploratory Study of the Purchase and Consumption of Beef: Geographical and Cultural Differences between Spain and Brazil

Beef consumption and production in Spain and Brazil are different with the consumption of beef in Brazil being three times higher than in Spain. In addition, there are variations in the economic value of production and in the traceability system. Therefore, the aim of this research was to understand the purchasing and consumption patterns using the customer behavior analysis technique of focus groups, which analyzed motivations for the consumption of beef, classifying their preferences by the intrinsic and extrinsic attributes at the time of purchase. The key aspect of the consumption of beef, both for Spanish and Brazilian consumers, was personal satisfaction/flavor. Spanish consumers were more conscious than Brazilians of the beneficial and harmful qualities that meat provides. The presence of fat was the factor that most restricted intake in both countries. The most important intrinsic attributes for Spanish and Brazilian consumers were the visual aspects of the meat: color, freshness, and the quantity and disposition of fat. The most important extrinsic characteristics were the price and expiration date. Spanish consumers see packaged meat as convenient and safe, although it is considered by Brazilians to be over-manipulated. The traceability certification on the label provides credibility to the product for the Spanish but only partially for Brazilians.

How Green Is Their Latte Now?

This chapter investigates whether sustainability practices of one of the leaders of the coffee industry, Starbucks, have changed during the COVID-19 pandemic as compared to the period before the virus outbreak. In particular, the authors ask which dimensions, or sub-dimensions, of sustainability in particular have been cut off first. Secondary data in the form of industry and company reports, websites, as well as research articles has been used. The findings of this study are particularly important for practitioners and researchers interested in changes in the coffee market, corporate sustainability, and consumer behavior, particularly during a systemic crisis, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. The topic is very current, and high-quality interdisciplinary research on a continuously deepening crisis with an unknown expiration date promises value-added potential, much more than “filling a gap” in the literature.

Analysis of Flexible Batch Service Queueing System to Constrict Waiting Time of Customers

When the required number of customers is available in the general bulk service (GBS) queueing system, the server begins service. Otherwise, the server will remain inactive until the number of consumers in the queue reaches that minimum required number. Customers that have already come must wait throughout this time, regardless of their arrival time. In some circumstances, like specimens awaiting testing in a clinical laboratory or perishable commodities awaiting delivery, it is necessary to finish services before the expiration date. It might only be achievable if consumers’ waiting times are kept under control. As a result, the flexible general bulk service (FGBS) rule is developed in this article to provide flexibility in batching. The effectiveness of FGBS implementation has been demonstrated using two examples: a clinical laboratory and a distribution center. To justify the suggested model, a simulation study and numerical illustration are provided.

Pengaruh Faktor Sosial Dan Pribadi Terhadap Minat Beli Produk Peyek Aziz Tanpa Tanggal Kedaluwarsa Dalam Perspektif Ekonomi Syariah

Carrying out economic activities based on Islam is an order and has the value of worship. According to fiqh rules, every muammalah transaction is allowed as long as it does not conflict with the basic Islamic law, namely the Qur'an and hadith, including carrying out economic activities in the field of food processing business. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of social factors and personal factors on consumer buying interest in Peyek Aziz products. The method used is descriptive quantitative with the number of samples used as many as 33 respondents in the Kertamukti sub-district, Campaka sub-district which was determined through probability sampling with random sampling technique. The results of this study indicate that personal factors affect consumer buying interest with a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05. Social factors are declared not to affect because the significance value obtained is 0.063 > 0.05. While social and personal factors jointly affect consumer buying interest with a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05. Based on these results, it is known that social and personal factors affect consumer buying interest in food without an expiration date of 0.515 or 51%. While the remaining 49% is influenced by other factors not examined. The sharia economic review regarding food without expired labels did not find any specific regulatory information. The inclusion of an expired label is an ijtihad in providing information on the appropriate time limit for consumption on food products with the aim of benefiting in maintaining property and life.

Thermal Stability Kinetics and Shelf Life Estimation of the Redox-Active Therapeutic and Mimic of Superoxide Dismutase Enzyme, Mn(III) meso-Tetrakis(N-ethylpyridinium-2-yl)porphyrin Chloride (MnTE-2-PyPCl5, BMX-010)

Mn(III) meso-tetrakis(N-ethylpyridinium-2-yl)porphyrin chloride (MnTE-2-PyPCl5, BMX-010, and AEOL10113) is among the most studied superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimics and redox-active therapeutics, being currently tested as a drug candidate in a phase II clinical trial on atopic dermatitis and itch. The thermal stability of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) is useful for estimating the expiration date and shelf life of pharmaceutical products under various storage and handling conditions. The thermal decomposition and kinetic parameters of MnTE-2-PyPCl5 were determined by thermogravimetry (TG) under nonisothermal and isothermal conditions. The first thermal degradation pathway affecting Mn-porphyrin structural integrity and, thus, activity and bioavailability was associated with loss of ethyl chloride via N-dealkylation reaction. The thermal stability kinetics of the N-dealkylation process leading to MnTE-2-PyPCl5 decomposition was investigated by using isoconversional models and artificial neural network. The new multilayer perceptron (MLP) artificial neural network approach allowed the simultaneous study of ten solid-state kinetic models and showed that MnTE-2-PyPCl5 degradation is better explained by a combination of various mechanisms, with major contributions from the contraction models R1 and R2. The calculated activation energy values from isothermal and nonisothermal data were about 90 kJ mol–1 on average and agreed with one another. According to the R1 modelling of the isothermal decomposition data, the estimated shelf life value for 10% decomposition ( t 90 % ) of MnTE-2-PyPCl5 at 25°C was approximately 17 years, which is consistent with the high solid-state stability of the compound. These results represent the first study on the solid-state decomposition kinetics of Mn(III) 2-N-alkylpyridylporphyrins, contributing to the development of this class of redox-active therapeutics and SOD mimics and providing supporting data to protocols on purification, handling, storage, formulation, expiration date, and general use of these compounds.

Labelling or not: influence of food retailer's approaching the expiration date labelling on consumers' patronage intention

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of food retailer's Approaching the Expiration Date (AED) labelling on consumers' retailer-related response. Specifically, the main effect of food retailer's AED labelling on consumers' patronage intention, the mediation effect of food retailer's concern for consumers and the boundary condition of this effect are explored. The selected context of research is that food retailers are reluctant to stick an AED label on nearly expired food due to negative effect on selling them.Design/methodology/approachTwo separate pretests and two separate experiments have been conducted to investigate the influence of food retailer's AED labelling on patronage intention. Pretest 1 develops the stimulus material of food retailer's AED labelling. Study 1 investigates the influence of AED labelling on patronage intention and mediation effect of consumers' perception of retailer's concern for consumers. Pretest 2 develops the stimulus material of government regulation on food retailer's AED labelling. Study 2 explores the boundary condition of the positive effect, namely the moderation effect of whether retailer's AED labelling is voluntary or mandatory.FindingsThe main findings of this research highlight the positive influence of food retailer's AED labelling on consumers' patronage intention. In addition, the current research reveals the underlying mechanism food retailer's concern for consumers and the boundary condition whether the AED labelling is voluntary or mandatory.Originality/valueAlthough previous researches has explored the effect of food retailer's AED labelling on consumers' response, most of them focus on consumer purchase intention of the nearly expired food and neglect its effect on consumers' food retailer-related response. It is a need for food retailer to explore the potential positive influence of food retailer's AED labelling on consumers' patronage intention.

Awareness Before and During Pandemic toward Food Waste: “Comparison between Indonesia and Japanese Students”

In recent years, food waste has become a global issue that often becomes the subject of public debate and has already been put into the SDGs programs which are targeted to be realized in 2030. A large amount of food waste is produced in the food service and infrastructure sectors, especially during this pandemic, which makes the foodservice sector difficult. However, this study compares and identifies students’ awareness of food waste in Indonesia and Japan. The data were primarily gathered through a questionnaire with 100 students in each country. This study uses the comparative concept to compare the results of research before and during the pandemic on students. Based on the results, this study discusses the extent to which students are aware of the behavior of leaving food, checking the expiration date, knowledge about food waste. Both Indonesian and Japanese students become more aware of the food waste that occurred.

Strategic ignorance and the legitimation of remote warfare: The Hawija bombardments

How must we understand and conceptualize the rationales and repercussions of remote warfare? This article contributes to scholarship on the ontology of remote war by analysing how Dutch officials engage with responsibility for the bombardment of an Islamic State weapons factory in Hawija, Iraq in 2015 under Operation Inherent Resolve. It observes that the main feature of Dutch officials’ accounts of Hawija is their diverse claims to not knowing about civilian casualties. Official narratives shifted from denial to secrecy to strategic ignorance. Bridging work on secrecy from the field of critical security studies with work on strategic ‘unknowing’ from ignorance studies, we propose a new take on the Foucauldian notion of ‘regimes of truth’. The regimes of truth that emerge to justify shifts to remote warfare – that it is riskless, precise and caring for civilian others – rely not merely on secrecy and denial but on feigned and imposed ignorance about casualties. Whereas denial can be disproven and secrecy has an expiration date, ignorance is more elusive and open-ended and hence politically convenient in different ways. Deliberate unknowing does not just postpone investigation and accountability but fundamentally and indefinitely obstructs it and thus sustains the regimes of truth for future remote wars.

POLA KONSUMSI DAN SIKAP MAHASISWA UNIVERSITAS LAMPUNG TERHADAP KOPI ROBUSTA

The purpose of this study was to determine the attitudes and consumption patterns of University of Lampung (Unila) students towards Robusta coffee. This research was a survey carried out in the University of Lampung. The total sample was 90 students who consumed robusta coffee. The research data were collected in March to May 2019 by interviews using questionnaires, google form, and whatsapp. Data were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. The results showed that student respondents consumed robusta coffee once a day. Most consumers chose the coffee attributes that were most important, namely the expiration date and taste of Robusta coffee. The results of the multiatribute analysis of Fishbein on consumer attitudes indicated that the attitude score of taste gets the highest value of 18.50, followed by the halal label attribute of 18.40. The multiatribute attitude score (Ao) of robusta coffee was 162.30. It means that robusta coffee has a positive value and is prefered by student consumers.Key words: attitude, Fishbein multiatribute, consumption patterns, robusta coffee