Clonal diversity and geographic distribution of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius from Australian animals: Discovery of novel sequence types

The emergence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) antimicrobial resistance and epidemic genetic lineages is posing a challenge in veterinary medicine due to the limited therapeutical options. MRSP has been identified as an important canine pyoderma pathogen. Thus, we aimed to characterize the antimicrobial resistance and clonal lineages of MRSP isolated from canine cutaneous pyoderma. Thirty-one MRSP isolates recovered from pyoderma were further characterized. The antimicrobial susceptibility testing of the isolates was performed by the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method against 14 antimicrobial agents. The presence of antimicrobial and virulence genes was carried out by PCR. Multilocus sequence typing was performed in all isolates. All strains had a multidrug-resistant profile showing resistance mainly to penicillin, macrolides and lincosamides, aminoglycosides, tetracycline and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, which was encoded by the blaZ, ermB, msr(A/B), aac(6′)-Ie-aph(2′′)-Ia, aph(3′)-IIIa, ant(4′)-Ia, tetM, tetK and dfrG genes. All isolates harbored the lukS-I/lukF-I virulence factors. Isolates were ascribed to nine previously described sequence types (STs): ST123, ST339, ST727, ST71, ST537, ST45, ST1029, ST118 and ST1468; and to five STs first described in this study: ST2024, ST2025, ST2026, ST2027 and ST2028. In this study, most isolates belonged to ST123 (n = 16), which belongs to CC71 and is the most common clone in Europe. All isolates were multidrug-resistant, which may impose a serious threat to animal health.

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Genomic insights into methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolates from dogs and humans of the same sequence types reveals diversity in prophages and pathogenicity islands

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0254382 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (7) ◽

pp. e0254382

Author(s):

Nathita Phumthanakorn ◽

Sybille Schwendener ◽

Valentina Donà ◽

Pattrarat Chanchaithong ◽

Vincent Perreten ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genomic Diversity ◽

Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽

Clonal Lineage ◽

Genome Sequences ◽

Single Nucleotide ◽

Staphylococcus Pseudintermedius ◽

Methicillin Resistant ◽

Opportunistic Pathogenic ◽

High Level ◽

Sequence Types

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) is an important opportunistic pathogenic bacterium of dogs that also occasionally colonize and infect humans. However, whether MRSP can adapt to human hosts is not clear and whole genome sequences of MRSP from humans are still limited. Genomic comparative analyses of 3 couples of isolates from dogs (n = 3) and humans (n = 3) belonging to ST45, ST112, and ST181, the dominant clones in Thailand were conducted to determine the degree of similarities between human and animal MRSP of a same ST. Among eight prophages, three prophages associated with the leucocidins genes (lukF/S-I), φVB88-Pro1, φVB16-Pro1 and φAP20-Pro1, were distributed in the human MRSPs, while their remnants, φAH18-Pro1, were located in the dog MRSPs. A novel composite pathogenicity island, named SpPI-181, containing two integrase genes was identified in the ST181 isolates. The distribution of the integrase genes of the eight prophages and SpPI-181 was also analysed by PCR in 77 additional MRSP isolates belonging to different STs. The PCR screen revealed diversity in prophage carriage, especially in ST45 isolates. Prophage φAK9-Pro1 was only observed in ST112 isolates from dogs and SpPI-181 was found associated with ST181 clonal lineage. Among the 3 couple of isolates, ST45 strains showed the highest number of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in their core genomes (3,612 SNPs). The genomic diversity of ST45 isolates suggested a high level of adaptation that may lead to different host colonization of successful clones. This finding provided data on the genomic differences of MRSP associated with colonization and adaption to different hosts.

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Changes in the Population of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and Dissemination of Antimicrobial-Resistant Phenotypes in the Netherlands

Journal of Clinical Microbiology ◽

10.1128/jcm.01288-15 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 54 (2) ◽

pp. 283-288 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Birgitta Duim ◽

Koen M. Verstappen ◽

Els M. Broens ◽

Laura M. Laarhoven ◽

Engeline van Duijkeren ◽

...

Keyword(s):

The Netherlands ◽

Otitis Externa ◽

Temporal Distribution ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Wound Infections ◽

Staphylococcus Pseudintermedius ◽

Methicillin Resistant ◽

Content Type ◽

Clinical Conditions ◽

Sequence Types

Methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus pseudintermedius(MRSP), which is often multidrug resistant (MDR), has recently emerged as a threat to canine health worldwide. Knowledge of the temporal distribution of specific MRSP lineages, their antimicrobial resistance phenotypes, and their association with clinical conditions may help us to understand the emergence and spread of MRSP in dogs. The aim of this study was to determine the yearly proportions of MRSP lineages and their antimicrobial-resistant phenotypes in the Netherlands and to examine possible associations with clinical conditions. MRSP was first isolated from a canine specimen submitted for diagnostics to the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Utrecht University in 2004. The annual cumulative incidence of MRSP amongS. pseudintermediusincreased from 0.9% in 2004 to 7% in 2013. MRSP was significantly associated with pyoderma and, to a lesser extent, with wound infections and otitis externa. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) of 478 MRSP isolates yielded 39 sequence types (ST) belonging to 4 clonal complexes (CC) and 15 singletons. CC71 was the dominant lineage that emerged since 2004, and CC258, CC45, and several unlinked isolates became more frequent during the following years. All but two strains conferred an MDR phenotype, but strains belonging to CC258 or singletons were less resistant. In conclusion, our study showed that MDR CC71 emerged as the dominant lineage from 2004 and onward and that less-resistant lineages were partly replacing CC71.

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Clonal diversity and biofilm-forming ability of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius

Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy ◽

10.1093/jac/dkr576 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 67 (4) ◽

pp. 841-848 ◽

Cited By ~ 50

Author(s):

A. M. Osland ◽

L. K. Vestby ◽

H. Fanuelsen ◽

J. S. Slettemeas ◽

M. Sunde

Keyword(s):

Clonal Diversity ◽

Staphylococcus Pseudintermedius ◽

Methicillin Resistant

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METHICILLIN-RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS PSEUDINTERMEDIUS, A NEW THREAT IN HUMAN AND VETERINARY MEDICINE?

Archives of Veterinary Medicine ◽

10.46784/e-avm.v12i2.59 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 13-25

Author(s):

Maja Velhner ◽

Ljubica Bratić ◽

Sara Savić ◽

Dalibor Todorović ◽

Bojana Prunić ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Epidemiology ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Sequence Type ◽

Beta Lactam ◽

Staphylococcus Pseudintermedius ◽

Methicillin Resistant ◽

Beta Lactam Antibiotics ◽

Worldwide Distribution ◽

Resistance Patterns ◽

Sequence Types

In this paper we briefl y described the worldwide distribution of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) in dogs and cats. Th e most common sequence type of MRSP strains in dogs is ST71 as it was detected in isolates on four continents (Europe, Asia, North and South America). However, several diff erent MRSP sequence types are detected in small animals, and the presence of new genetic variants is continually reported. Sometimes isolates belonging to the same sequence type (ST) are detected in dogs, cats, their owners, and veterinarians. MRSP is oft en multidrug-resistant and its resistance patterns are usually linked to certain sequence types. Th e resistance to non-beta-lactam antibiotics such as erythromycin, clindamycin, tetracycline, gentamicin, enrofl oxacin and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim is also recorded. Taking into account that MRSP tends to confer multidrug-resistant phenotype, it is quite challenging for veterinarians to give adequate therapy in clinically ill animals. It would seem as if the signifi cance of MRSP in the clinical epidemiology of humans is not fi rmly established. However, the importance of MRSP in human medicine should not be underestimated given the fact that all methicillinresistant Staphylococcus spp. carry resistance and virulence genes and have the potential to share their genetic elements with other bacteria.

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Analysis of the Genetic Variability of Virulence-Related Loci in Epidemic Clones of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.49.1.366-379.2005 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 49 (1) ◽

pp. 366-379 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

A. R. Gomes ◽

S. Vinga ◽

M. Zavolan ◽

H. de Lencastre

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Genetic Variability ◽

Amino Acid Level ◽

Point Of View ◽

Sequence Motifs ◽

Related Factors ◽

Specific Sequence ◽

Methicillin Resistant ◽

Sequence Types ◽

R Domain

ABSTRACT Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates have previously been classified into major epidemic clonal types by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis in combination with multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec typing. We aimed to investigate whether genetic variability in potentially polymorphic domains of virulence-related factors could provide another level of differentiation in a diverse collection of epidemic MRSA clones. The target regions of strains representative of epidemic clones and genetically related methicillin-susceptible S. aureus isolates from the 1960s that were sequenced included the R domains of clfA and clfB; the D, W, and M regions of fnbA and fnbB; and three regions in the agr operon. Sequence variation ranged from very conserved regions, such as those for RNAIII and the agr interpromoter region, to the highly polymorphic R regions of the clf genes. The sequences of the clf R domains could be grouped into six major sequence types on the basis of the sequences in their 3′ regions. Six sequence types were also observed for the fnb sequences at the amino acid level. From an evolutionary point of view, it was interesting that a small DNA stretch at the 3′ clf R-domain sequence and the fnb sequences agreed with the results of MLST for this set of strains. In particular, clfB R-domain sequences, which had a high discriminatory capacity and with which the types distinguished were congruent with those obtained by other molecular typing methods, have potential for use for the typing of S. aureus. Clone- and strain-specific sequence motifs in the clf and fnb genes may represent useful additions to a typing methodology with a DNA array.

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Methicillin-resistant coagulase positive Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius circulating in dogs in Bangladesh

International Journal of Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.124 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 101 ◽

pp. 34-35

Author(s):

E.A. Rana ◽

M.Z. Islam ◽

T. Das ◽

A. Dutta ◽

A. Ahad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Staphylococcus Pseudintermedius ◽

Methicillin Resistant ◽

Coagulase Positive Staphylococcus

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Antibiotic Resistance Profile and Biofilm Production of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius Isolated from Dogs in Thailand

Pharmaceuticals ◽

10.3390/ph14060592 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (6) ◽

pp. 592

Author(s):

Pavarish Jantorn ◽

Hawaree Heemmamad ◽

Tanawan Soimala ◽

Saowakon Indoung ◽

Jongkon Saising ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibiotic Resistance ◽

Meca Gene ◽

Staphylococcus Pseudintermedius ◽

Methicillin Resistant ◽

Antibiotic Resistance Profile ◽

Biofilm Production ◽

Southern Thailand ◽

Life Threatening ◽

Suitable Treatment ◽

Resistant Strains

Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is a zoonotic pathogen that can cause life-threatening infections in animals and humans. The study of methicillin-resistant S. pseudintermedius (MRSP) and its ability to produce biofilms is important to select the most suitable treatment. The prevalence and characteristics of S. pseudintermedius isolated from dogs admitted at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Prince of Songkla University, Thailand were assessed. Results showed that 28.30% (15/53) of the isolates were MRSP. Amplification of the mecA gene was observed in 93.33% (14/15) MRSP. Methicillin-resistant strains revealed co-resistant patterns against other antibiotics, including chloramphenicol, clindamycin, tetracycline, clarithromycin, ciprofloxacin, and trimethoprim. In this study, all bacterial isolates produced biofilms, while 90.55% of S. pseudintermedius isolates were strong or moderate biofilm producers. Most (45–60%) of the resistant strains were strong biofilm producers, while the correlation between biofilm production and antibiotic resistance was not statistically significant. This is the first study in southern Thailand to investigate the drug-resistant profile of S. pseudintermedius and its ability to form biofilm. The results will contribute to a better understanding of the emergence and prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in S. pseudintermedius.

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