Analysis of severe human adenovirus infection outbreak in Guangdong Province, southern China in 2019

Food supply from forests is a fundamental component of forest ecosystem services, but information relating to suitability for human consumption and sustainable utilization of non-timber forest products (NTFPs) in developing countries is lacking. To address this gap in knowledge, diverse datasets of edible plants and macro-fungi were obtained from field collections, historical publications, and community surveys across seven cities in Guangdong Province (GP), southern China. Seven edible parts and five food categories of plant species were classified according to usage and specific nutrient components. Edible plant species were also categorized into different seasons and life forms. Our results show that at least 100 plant species (with 64 plant species producing fruit) and 20 macro-fungi were commonly used as edible forest products in subtropical GP. There were 55 and 57 species providing edible parts in summer and autumn, respectively. Many edible plants had multiple uses. Tree and herbaceous species made up the majority of the total. Our study provides evidence that both edible plants and macro-fungi can enrich the food supply for residents in rural and urban areas by acting as supplemental resources. We therefore suggest that, in spite of the prevalence of imported foods due to modern infrastructure, edible NTFPs from subtropical forests might be leveraged to support the increasing demand for food in an era of rapid urbanization and global change.

Download Full-text

High index of suspicion for brucellosis in a highly cosmopolitan city in southern China

10.21203/rs.2.10517/v2 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Hai-Yan Ye ◽

Fan-Fan Xing ◽

Jin Yang ◽

Simon Kam-Fai Lo ◽

Ricky Wing-Tong Lau ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Southern China ◽

Clinical Specimen ◽

Guangdong Province ◽

Human Brucellosis ◽

Brucella Strain ◽

Maldi Tof Ms ◽

Maldi Tof ◽

Chest Wall Abscess ◽

Tof Ms

Abstract Background: Brucellosis is one of the most widespread zoonosis in the world. In China, 90% of human brucellosis occurs in six northern agricultural provinces. However, there is a recent increase in the trend of human brucellosis in southern provinces with limited cases reported in the literature. Our study aims to describe the clinical features and epidemiology of brucellosis in a tertiary hospital in southern China. Methods: A retrospective case series of brucellosis was conducted between January 1, 2014 and October 31. 2018. Cases were identified based on positive Brucella serology by tube agglutination test, or positive culture from clinical specimen identified by Vitek 2 and MALDL-TOF MS. Clinical details of brucellosis including patients’ occupation, risk factors, and complications were analyzed. Clinical characteristics between patients from Guangdong and other provinces were also compared. Results: A total of 13 cases of laboratory-confirmed brucellosis were identified. 7 (53.8%) of the patients were male, 6 (46.2%) were female, with age ranging from 29 to 73 years old (median age: 51 years). Five patients (38.5%) were from Guangdong province, while the remaining patients (61.5%) were from other provinces. The commonest risk factors of acquisition were consumption of undercooked meat and goat placenta. Patients from Guangdong province were found to be more likely to have prior placenta consumption and handling of animal meat. The commonest clinical presentations were fever, osteoarticular pain, urinary symptoms, splenomegaly, and lymphadenopathy. Spondylodiscitis/ peripheral joint arthritis (5 patients, 38.5%) was the most prevalent complication, while extra-osteoarticular complications including abdominal aortitis, hepatosplenic abscess, chest wall abscess, and epididymo-orchitis were observed in 4 other patients. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that MALDI-TOF MS is reliable in Brucella identification after additional of reference spectra with standard Brucella strain. Conclusions: Brucellosis, previously thought to be only found in northern China, is now increasingly seen in highly cosmopolitan part of southern China. MALDI-TOF MS in hospitals in China should include reference spectra with standard Brucella strain to aid bacterial identification in routine clinical practice. In addition to tuberculosis, typhoid fever and typhus, brucellosis should be considered in patients with fever of unknown origin in this locality.

Download Full-text

The Status and Associated Factors of Early Childhood Caries among 3- to 5-year-old Children in Guangdong, Southern China: A Provincial Cross-sectional Survey

10.21203/rs.3.rs-33731/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jianbo Li ◽

Weihua Fan ◽

Yueshan Zhou ◽

Linmei Wu ◽

Wei Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Preschool Children ◽

Oral Health ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Early Childhood Caries ◽

Southern China ◽

Guangdong Province ◽

Deciduous Teeth ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Mean

Abstract Background: Dental caries of deciduous teeth (Early Childhood Caries, ECC) has become a crucial oral health problem over the decades in China. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence and severity of ECC among preschool children from Guangdong Province, Southern China. In addition, to assess the association of ECC with reported oral health-related behaviors.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was carried out in Guangdong Province by means of an equal-sized, stratified, multistage random sampling method. According to the standard for clinical dentition examination of the WHO 2013 criteria, the presence of ECC was determined by the dmft (decayed-missing-filled tooth) index using a CPI (Community Periodontal Index) probe. A questionnaire about caries-related factors was completed by each of the participants’ parents or grandparents through a face-to-face and one-on-one interview. Then, t-test, Chi2 tests, One-Way ANOVA served for statistical analysis, and logistic regression analysis as well as covariance analysis were executed to identify potential associated factors for ECC.Results: There were 2592 3- to 5-year-old preschool children. The prevalence (% dmft >0) of ECC was 68.3 (95% CI: 66.5-70.1), the mean dmft was 4.36 (95% CI: 4.17-4.55), and the filled rate was 1.2%. In multivariable modeling, associated factors for both prevalence and mean dmft were older age, rural areas, consumption of sweets before sleep, dental visit history, low household income, and low parental education level. Initiating toothbrushing after 3 years of age and being exclusively/ predominantly breastfed indicated only the prevalence; being female and frequently consuming sweetened milk/powdered milk indicated only the mean dmft.Conclusions: The preschool children in Guangdong Province experienced a significant amount of ECC. More attention should be given to children’s dental health for deciduous teeth. Associated factors for ECC included demographics, oral health measures, dietary factors, and socioeconomic factors.

Download Full-text

Reports of two peculiar pigmented new species of genus Homidia (Collembola: Entomobyridae) from Southern China, with description of subadults chaetotaxy

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4671.3.3 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4671 (3) ◽

pp. 369-380

Author(s):

ZHI-XIANG PAN ◽

WAN-QIN YANG

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Abdominal Segment ◽

Southern China ◽

Guangdong Province ◽

Colour Pattern ◽

Lateral Side ◽

First Instar ◽

Two New Species

Two new species with peculiar pigmentation of the genus Homidia from Guangdong Province, Southern China are described here, Homidia chroma sp. nov. and Homidia leniseta sp. nov. H. chroma is characterized by chrome pigmentation on lateral side of terga, two macrochaetae on medial abdominal segment (Abd.) III and six macrochaetae on postero-medial Abd. IV, up to 68 sensory chaetae present on Abd. IV, and five apical smooth chaetae on posterior face of ventral tube. H. leniseta is easily identified by unique colour pattern, smooth labial chaetae l2, G1–4 and H1–3, and short trichobothria on Abd. II–IV. Illustrations of adults of this two new species, chaetotaxy of the first instar larvae of H. chroma and subadults of H. leniseta are provided herein.

Download Full-text

Molecular epidemiological and hematological profile of thalassemia in the Dongguan Region of Guangdong Province, Southern China

Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis ◽

10.1002/jcla.23596 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Qi Peng ◽

Zhenhong Zhang ◽

Siping Li ◽

Chuyun Cheng ◽

Wenrui Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Southern China ◽

Guangdong Province ◽

Hematological Profile

Download Full-text

Seroprevalence of Neutralizing Antibodies to Human Adenovirus Type 4 and 7 in Healthy Populations From Southern China

Frontiers in Microbiology ◽

10.3389/fmicb.2018.03040 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Xianmiao Ye ◽

Lijun Xiao ◽

Xuehua Zheng ◽

Jinlin Wang ◽

Tao Shu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neutralizing Antibodies ◽

Southern China ◽

Human Adenovirus ◽

Adenovirus Type

Download Full-text

Structure–Activity Relationship Studies on Diversified Salicylamide Derivatives as Potent Inhibitors of Human Adenovirus Infection

Journal of Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01950 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 63 (6) ◽

pp. 3142-3160 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Jimin Xu ◽

Judith Berastegui-Cabrera ◽

Haiying Chen ◽

Jerónimo Pachón ◽

Jia Zhou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Adenovirus ◽

Structure Activity Relationship ◽

Activity Relationship ◽

Adenovirus Infection ◽

Structure Activity ◽

Salicylamide Derivatives

Download Full-text

The status and associated factors of early childhood caries among 3- to 5-year-old children in Guangdong, Southern China: a provincial cross-sectional survey

BMC Oral Health ◽

10.1186/s12903-020-01253-w ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jianbo Li ◽

Weihua Fan ◽

Yueshan Zhou ◽

Linmei Wu ◽

Wei Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Early Childhood ◽

Oral Health ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Early Childhood Caries ◽

Southern China ◽

Guangdong Province ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Mean

Abstract Background Dental caries of deciduous teeth (Early Childhood Caries, ECC) has become a crucial oral health problem over the decades in China. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence and severity of ECC among preschool children from Guangdong Province, Southern China. In addition, to assess the association of ECC with reported oral health-related behaviors. Methods A cross-sectional survey of 2592 participants was carried out in Guangdong Province by means of an equal-sized, stratified, multistage random sampling method during December 2015 and April 2016. The participants were divided into three groups according to their ages (3-, 4-, and 5-year-olds). Half of the participants were derived from urban areas, while the other from rural areas. According to the standard for clinical dentition examination of the WHO 2013 criteria, the presence of ECC was determined by the dmft (decayed-missing-filled tooth) index using a CPI (Community Periodontal Index) probe. A questionnaire about caries-related factors was completed by each of the participants’ parents or grandparents through a face-to-face and one-on-one interview. Then, t-test, Chi2 tests, One-Way ANOVA served for statistical analysis, and logistic regression analysis as well as covariance analysis were executed to identify potential associated factors for ECC. Results The prevalence (% dmft > 0) of ECC was 68.3 (95% CI: 66.5–70.1), the mean dmft was 4.36 (95% CI: 4.17–4.55), and the filled rate was 1.2%. In multivariable modeling, associated factors for both prevalence and mean dmft were older age, rural areas, consumption of sweets before sleep, dental visit history, low household income, and low parental education level. Initiating toothbrushing after 3 years of age and being exclusively/ predominantly breastfed indicated only the prevalence; being female and frequently consuming sweetened milk/powdered milk indicated only the mean dmft. Conclusions Preschool children in Guangdong Province, especially children from rural areas, experienced a significant amount of ECC. Associated factors for ECC included demographics, oral health measures, dietary factors, and socioeconomic factors. More attention should be given to prevention of ECC from early life. The construction of social support for oral health should be strengthened. Oral health education and promotion, especially of rural areas, should be intensified to reduce the inequality between urban and rural areas.

Download Full-text

Dual role of the adenovirus pVI C terminus as a nuclear localization signal and activator of the viral protease

Journal of General Virology ◽

10.1099/vir.0.80203-0 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 85 (11) ◽

pp. 3367-3376 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

K. S. Honkavuori ◽

B. D. Pollard ◽

M. S. Rodriguez ◽

R. T. Hay ◽

G. D. Kemp

Keyword(s):

Nuclear Localization ◽

Nuclear Localization Signal ◽

Human Adenovirus ◽

Dual Role ◽

Adenovirus Infection ◽

Heterologous Proteins ◽

Viral Protease ◽

C Terminus ◽

Localization Signal

Adenain, the protease produced by adenovirus, is regulated by formation of a heterodimer with an 11 aa peptide derived from the C terminus of another adenoviral protein, pVI. Here, the role of the basic motif KRRR, which is conserved in pVI sequences from human adenovirus serotypes, was investigated. It was shown that this motif is less important than the N- or C-terminal regions in the formation of the adenain–peptide heterodimer and in the activity of the subsequent complex. This motif, however, acted as a nuclear localization signal that was capable of targeting heterologous proteins to the nucleus, resulting in a distinctive intranuclear distribution consisting of discrete foci, which is similar to that found for pVI during adenovirus infection.

Download Full-text