Different effects of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs meclofenamate sodium and naproxen sodium on proteasome activity in cardiac cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
pp. 131-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajeshwary Ghosh ◽  
Soyun M. Hwang ◽  
Ziyou Cui ◽  
Jennifer E. Gilda ◽  
Aldrin V. Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Naproxen Sodium ◽  
Cardiac Cells ◽  
Proteasome Activity ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

THREE CARDINAL LESSONS FROM ADAPT – 10 YEARS ON

2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
J.C.S. Breitner ◽  
C.G. Lyketsos
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Trial Design ◽  
Naproxen Sodium ◽  
Prevention Trial ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Phase Iii Trials ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The Alzheimer’s Disease Anti-inflammatory Prevention Trial was a placebo-controlled three-arm pharmaco-prevention trial of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs naproxen sodium and celecoxib for prevention of incident Alzheimer’s disease (AD) dementia in older (aged 70 and over) adults. Although subjects were at increased risk of symptoms because of a firstdegree family history, they were meant to be cognitively healthy at enrollment. ADAPT encountered several problems that resulted in the termination of its treatments after only two years on average. Interim results were complex but potentially interesting. In the end, however, the results were null. We describe the complications that prevented ADAPT from achieving conclusive results, and suggest that these could have been avoided if the trial design and execution had been better guided by preliminary data. We believe such data should be available before beginning further ambitious phase III trials of this sort, and we suggest a broad method by which such data can be accumulated with reasonable economy.

scholarly journals Starch Film as a Carrier of a Model Drug Substance from the Group of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (6(132)) ◽  
pp. 102-113
Author(s):  
Dariusz Wawro ◽  
Andrzej Bodek ◽  
Kazimiera Henryka Bodek
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Acetylsalicylic Acid ◽  
Naproxen Sodium ◽  
Heated Surface ◽  
Drug Substance ◽  
Starch Solution ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Starch Films ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Model Drug

The article describes the production of starch film as a carrier of a model drug substance from the group of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). An analgesic/anti- inflammatory drug was put into aqueous starch solution, and next a film was formed. The following solid drug substances were included in the tests: acetylsalicylic acid, salicylic acid, ibuprofen lysine salt, naproxen in the form of acid, and sodium salt. Solutions were obtained from ibuprofen lysine salt and naproxen sodium, whereas the other drugs enabled to obtain aqueous suspensions. Such a drug substance was mixed with aqueous starch solution to obtain a film. Forming a film under laboratory conditions involved spreading aqueous starch solution containing a drug on a flat heated surface and evaporating water. The films obtained were transparent. They were then dried for a period of 24 hours at a temperature of 20 °C and 50% relative air humidity. Next their mechanical properties were studied. Starch films which contained therapeutic substances were characterised by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). There were slight differences between the spectra of films containing a drug substance and those of films containing both starch and a drug substance, which implies weak intermolecular reactions. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of cross-sections of the starch films with a drug substance were taken, which indicated their uniform morphological structure. The release rate of the drug from each film to an acetate buffer pH 4.5 (acetylsalicylic acid and salicylic acid) or phosphate buffer pH 7.38 (ibuprofen lysine salt and naproxen) was determined in vitro with the paddle method. This procedure took up to 90 min. Acetylsalicylic acid and salicylic acid were almost completely released from the starch film as early as in the first minutes of the procedure, with a maximum value of around 90%. The release of ibuprofen lysine salt and naproxen in the form of acid from the starch film was partial, about 40%. The release of naproxen sodium from the starch film was time-proportional, and there was a tendency towards further release.

scholarly journals Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs and Opioids in Postsurgical Dental Pain

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (7) ◽  
pp. 777-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.V. Hersh ◽  
P.A. Moore ◽  
T. Grosser ◽  
R.C. Polomano ◽  
J.T. Farrar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Naproxen Sodium ◽  
Analgesic Efficacy ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
Dental Pain ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Short Course ◽  
Surgical Extraction ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Versus Risk

Postsurgical dental pain is mainly driven by inflammation, particularly through the generation of prostaglandins via the cyclooxygenase system. Thus, it is no surprise that numerous randomized placebo-controlled trials studying acute pain following the surgical extraction of impacted third molars have demonstrated the remarkable efficacy of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen, naproxen sodium, etodolac, diclofenac, and ketorolac in this prototypic condition of acute inflammatory pain. Combining an optimal dose of an NSAID with an appropriate dose of acetaminophen appears to further enhance analgesic efficacy and potentially reduce the need for opioids. In addition to being on average inferior to NSAIDs as analgesics in postsurgical dental pain, opioids produce a higher incidence of side effects in dental outpatients, including dizziness, drowsiness, psychomotor impairment, nausea/vomiting, and constipation. Unused opioids are also subject to misuse and diversion, and they may cause addiction. Despite these risks, some dental surgical outpatients may benefit from a 1- or 2-d course of opioids added to their NSAID regimen. NSAID use may carry significant risks in certain patient populations, in which a short course of an acetaminophen/opioid combination may provide a more favorable benefit versus risk ratio than an NSAID regimen.

Polyphenols from Cymbopogon citratus inhibit iNOS expression and NO production – a promising source of new anti-inflammatory drugs

Planta Medica ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
V Francisco ◽  
A Figueirinha ◽  
B Neves ◽  
C Garcia-Rodriguez ◽  
M Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inos Expression ◽  
No Production ◽  
Cymbopogon Citratus ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Promising Source

Heparin and proteoglycans as anti-inflammatory drugs

1996 ◽  
Vol 16 (01) ◽  
pp. 56-59
Author(s):  
D. J. Tyrrell ◽  
C. P. Page
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Therapeutic Applications ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

SummaryEvidence continues to accumulate that the pleiotropic nature of heparin (beyond its anticoagulant potency) includes anti-inflammatory activities at a number of levels. It is clear that drugs exploiting these anti-inflammatory activities of heparin may offer exciting new therapeutic applications to the treatment of a wide range of inflammatory diseases.

Non-Steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs): Synthesis of Ibuprofen, Naproxen and Nabumetone

2019 ◽  
pp. 19-27
Keyword(s):  
Review Paper ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Synthetic Approaches

This review paper covers the major synthetic approaches attempted towards the synthesis of some Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (Naproxen, Ibuprofen and Nabumetone)

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