Socioeconomic status and risk factors for obesity and metabolic disorders in a population-based sample of adult females

2009 ◽  
Vol 49 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 165-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon L. Brennan ◽  
Margaret J. Henry ◽  
Geoffrey C. Nicholson ◽  
Mark A. Kotowicz ◽  
Julie A. Pasco
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Adult Females

Socioeconomic Status and Orofacial Clefts in Scotland, 1989 to 1998

2003 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 481-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Clark ◽  
P. A. Mossey ◽  
L. Sharp ◽  
J. Little
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Orofacial Clefts ◽  
Smoking During Pregnancy ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Strong Positive Relationship ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Deprived Areas

Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between socioeconomic status and orofacial clefts (OFC) in Scotland. Design Study of prevalence at birth over a 10-year period using an area-based measure of material deprivation. Setting Population-based study throughout Scotland. Participants Eight hundred thirty-four live births with OFC born between January 1, 1989, and December 31, 1998, ascertained from the nationwide register of the Cleft Service in Scotland, compared with the total 603,825 live births in Scotland in this period. Results There was a strong positive relationship whereby the prevalence of OFC at birth increased with increasing deprivation. This trend was statistically significant for cleft lip and/or palate (CL[P]: p = .016) but not for cleft palate (CP; p = .078). For each type of cleft, the relative risk among those resident in the most deprived areas, compared with those resident in the least deprived areas, was 2.33. Conclusions The association between OFC and socioeconomic status is consistent with a report for an earlier period in a smaller part of Scotland. Unlike the earlier study, this pattern appears to be stronger for CL(P) than for CP. These observations do not appear to be an artifact of recording. It is possible that they reflect the association between deprivation and risk factors for OFC, most likely tobacco smoking during pregnancy. Because the relationship between OFC and socioeconomic status appears to have been virtually unstudied in other populations, it would be valuable to investigate this relationship elsewhere and determine whether known risk factors account for the relationship.

scholarly journals Risk factors and health consequences of physical and emotional violence against children in Zimbabwe: a nationally representative survey

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. e000533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Handrick Chigiji ◽  
Deborah Fry ◽  
Tinashe Enock Mwadiwa ◽  
Aldo Elizalde ◽  
Noriko Izumi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Peer Relationships ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Population Based ◽  
School Level ◽  
National Population

IntroductionThis study provides, for the first time, comparable national population-based estimates that describe the nature and magnitude of physical and emotional violence during childhood in Zimbabwe.MethodsFrom August to September 2011, we conducted a national population-based survey of 2410 respondents aged 13–24 years, using a two-stage cluster sampling. Regression models were adjusted for relevant demographics to estimate the ORs for associations between violence, risk factors and various health-related outcomes.ResultsRespondents aged 18–24 years report a lifetime prevalence (before the age of 18) of 63.9% (among girls) to 76% (among boys) for physical violence by a parent or adult relative, 12.6% (girls) to 26.4% (boys) for humiliation in front of others, and 17.3% (girls) to 17.5% (boys) for feeling unwanted. Almost 50% of either sex aged 13–17 years experienced physical violence in the 12 months preceding the survey. Significant risk factors for experiencing physical violence for girls are ever experiencing emotional abuse prior to age 13, adult illness in the home, socioeconomic status and age. Boys’ risk factors include peer relationships and socioeconomic status, while caring teachers and trusted community members are protective factors. Risk factors for emotional abuse vary, including family relationships, teacher and school-level variables, socioeconomic status, and community trust and security. Emotional abuse is associated with increased suicide attempts for both boys and girls, among other health outcomes.ConclusionPhysical and emotional violence often work in tandem causing poor mental and physical health outcomes. Understanding risk factors for violence within the peer or family context is essential for improved violence prevention.

scholarly journals Gender discrepancy of incidence and risk factors of metabolic syndrome among rural Chinese from 2012-2013 to 2015-2017

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shasha Yu ◽  
Xiaofan Guo ◽  
Guangxiao Li ◽  
Hongmei Yang ◽  
Guozhe Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Disorder ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Health Knowledge ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Population Based ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Rural Residents

Abstract Background: We reported a relatively high rate of MetS in rural Northeast residents in 2012-2013. Many strategies like health knowledge propagation and lifestyle modification have been taken to help rural residents decrease metabolic disorders. Hence, we held the present follow-up study in order to figure the changes of metabolic parameters and the possible reasons together with the evaluation of MetS incidence and associated risk factors.Methods: A population-based sample of 8147 rural Northeast Chinese residents aged ≥ 35 years at baseline were followed up from 2012-2013 to 2015-2017. MetS was diagnosed following the unify criteria in 2009 using the Asian specific criteria.Results: Among residents with MetS at baseline, value of systolic, diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, HDL-C decreased while waist circumference increased in both genders in follow-up. Discrepancy of trend in body mass index, LDL-C and estimated GFR existed between male and female. Besides, triglyceride increased, and fast glucose decreased in female only. The alterations of dietary pattern might be accountable for those changes. Among residents without MetS at baseline, the cumulative incidence of newly diagnosed MetS was 24.0% (25.8% for male; 22.3% for female). As the number of metabolic disorders increased at baseline, the incidence of MetS also increased (zero metabolic disorder: 8.3%; one metabolic disorder: 17.1%; two metabolic disorders: 35.4%). In male residents, bad living habits like smoking and drinking were associated with increasing risk of Mets while in female, higher risk of MetS was more likely relevant to dietary pattern.Conclusion: Metabolic parameters changes during the past years and seem to be associated with alteration of diet pattern. Incidence of MetS still high among rural Northeast Chinese. The risk factors of higher incidence of MetS show gender discrepancy which make the prophylaxis and control of MetS more effective and directive in rural residents.

Self-rated health and social capital in Iraqi immigrants to Sweden: The MEDIM population-based study

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Bennet ◽  
Martin Lindström
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Health Examination ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Iraqi Women

Objectives: Poor self-rated health is an estimator of quality of life and a predictor of mortality seldom studied in immigrant populations. This work aimed to study self-rated health in relation to social capital, socioeconomic status, lifestyle and comorbidity in immigrants from Iraq – one of the largest non-European immigrant group in Sweden today – and to compare it with the self-rated health of native Swedes. Design: The study was a cross-sectional population-based study conducted from 2010 to 2012 among citizens of Malmö, Sweden, aged 30–65 years and born in Iraq or Sweden. All participants underwent a health examination and answered questionnaires on self-rated health, social capital, comorbidity, lifestyle and socioeconomic status. Results: In total, 1348 Iraqis and 677 Swedes participated. Poor self-rated health was identified in 43.9% of Iraqis and 21.9% of native Swedes ( p<0.001), with the highest prevalence (55.5%) among Iraqi women. Low social capital was highly prevalent in the immigrants. Female gender showed higher odds of poor self-rated health in Iraqis than in Swedes (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.4–2.5, pinteraction=0.024), independent of other risk factors connected to social capital, socioeconomic status, lifestyle or comorbidity. Conclusions: Although public health initiatives promoting social capital, socioeconomic status and comorbidity in immigrants are crucial, the excess risk of poor self-rated health in Iraqi women is not fully attributed to known risk factors for self-rated health, but remains to be further explored.

scholarly journals Risk and protective factors for chronic diseases in adults: a population-based study

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 4041-4050 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Cristina Guimarães da Silva ◽  
Wellington Segheto ◽  
France Araújo Coelho ◽  
Vanessa Guimarães Reis ◽  
Sílvia Helena Oliveira Morais ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Regular Consumption ◽  
Excessive Consumption

Abstract The article describes the relative frequency ok of risk and protective behaviors for chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in adults residing in Viçosa, Brazil. A cross-section-al population-based study including 1,226 adults living in the municipality. We used a structured questionnaire containing questions sociodemographic and behavioral The risk and protection factors evaluated were: smoking, physical activity, excessive consumption of alcohol and food consumption. The proportion of risk and protection factors was calculated in the total population, according to gender, education and socioeconomic status. The studied population has a high frequency of risk factors for NCDs, such as excessive consumption of alcoholic beverages, habit of consuming whole milk, habit of eating meat with visible fat, regular consumption of soft drinks and 78.5% did not achieve the minimum recommendation for physical activity in leisure time. With regard to protective factors, 86.2% of the population reported regular consumption of fruits and vegetables, and 73%, of beans. It was found the highest frequency of risk factors in among males, in younger people and middle socioeconomic status. This population has an urgent need for public policy of municipal planning to change this current scenario.

scholarly journals Risk factors associated with Parkinson’s disease: An 11-year population-based South Korean study

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyoung Seop Kim ◽  
Hong-Jae Lee ◽  
Jiook Cha ◽  
Junbeom Kwon ◽  
Hyunsun Lim
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Statin Medication

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo validate various known risk factors of Parkinsonism and to establish basic information to formulate public health policy by using a 10-year follow-up cohort model.MethodsThis population based nation-wide study was performed using the National Health Insurance Database of reimbursement claims of the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service of South Korea data on regular health check-ups in 2003 and 2004, with 10 years’ follow-up.ResultsWe identified 7,746 patients with Parkinsonism. Old age, hypertension, diabetes, depression, anxiety, taking statin medication, high body mass index, non-smoking, non-alcohol drinking, and low socioeconomic status were each associated with an increase in the risk of Parkinsonism (fully adjusted Cox proportional hazards model: hazard ratio (HR) 1.259, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.194–1.328 for hypertension, HR 1.255, 95% CI 1.186–1.329 for diabetes, HR 1.554, 95% CI 1.664–1.965 for depression, HR 1.808, 95% CI 1.462–1.652 for anxiety, and HR 1.157, 95% CI 1.072–1.250 for taking statin medication).ConclusionsIn our study, old age, depression, anxiety, and a non-smoker status were found to be risk factors of Parkinsonism, in agreement with previous studies. However, sex, hypertension, diabetes, taking statin medication, non-drinking of Alcohol, and lower socioeconomic status have not been described as risk factors in previous studies and need further verification in future studies.

scholarly journals Late Talkers: A Population-Based Study of Risk Factors and School Readiness Consequences

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 607-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol Scheffner Hammer ◽  
Paul Morgan ◽  
George Farkas ◽  
Marianne Hillemeier ◽  
Dana Bitetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
School Readiness ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Attention Problems ◽  
Vocabulary Knowledge ◽  
Late Talkers ◽  
Late Talker ◽  
Birth Family

PurposeThis study was designed to (a) identify sociodemographic, pregnancy and birth, family health, and parenting and child care risk factors for being a late talker at 24 months of age; (b) determine whether late talkers continue to have low vocabulary at 48 months; and (c) investigate whether being a late talker plays a unique role in children's school readiness at 60 months.MethodWe analyzed data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, a population-based sample of 9,600 children. Data were gathered when the children were 9, 24, 48, and 60 months old.ResultsThe risk of being a late talker at 24 months was significantly associated with being a boy, lower socioeconomic status, being a nonsingleton, older maternal age at birth, moderately low birth weight, lower quality parenting, receipt of day care for less than 10 hr/week, and attention problems. Being a late talker increased children's risk of having low vocabulary at 48 months and low school readiness at 60 months. Family socioeconomic status had the largest and most profound effect on children's school readiness.ConclusionsLimited vocabulary knowledge at 24 and 48 months is uniquely predictive of later school readiness. Young children with low vocabularies require additional supports prior to school entry.

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