A free sugars daily value (DV) identifies more “less healthy” prepackaged foods and beverages than a total sugars DV

2018 ◽  
Vol 109 ◽  
pp. 98-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jodi T. Bernstein ◽  
Marie-Ève Labonté ◽  
Beatriz Franco-Arellano ◽  
Alyssa Schermel ◽  
Mary R. L'Abbé
Keyword(s):  
Free Sugars ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Prepackaged Foods

scholarly journals Energy, Sugars, Iron, and Vitamin B12 Content of Commercial Infant Food Pouches and Other Commercial Infant Foods on the New Zealand Market

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioanna Katiforis ◽  
Elizabeth A Fleming ◽  
Jillian J Haszard ◽  
Tiana Hape-Cramond ◽  
Rachael W Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Infant Food ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Free Sugars ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Added Sugars ◽  
Infant Foods

There has been an important shift in the New Zealand infant food market over the past decade, with the majority of complementary foods now sold in “pouches”. Along with the increasing market share of commercial infant food pouches internationally, there have been growing concerns about their nutritional quality. However, research examining the nutritional quality of these pouches compared to other forms of commercial infant foods in New Zealand has not been undertaken. Nor have any studies reported the free sugars or added sugars content of these foods. To address this knowledge gap, a cross-sectional survey of infant foods sold in New Zealand supermarkets was conducted in 2019–2020. Recipes and nutrient lines were developed for the 266 foods identified (133 food pouches). The energy, iron, vitamin B12, total sugars, free sugars, and added sugars content of infant food pouches and other forms of commercial infant foods per 100 g were compared, both within food groups and by age group. Infant food pouches contained similar median amounts of energy, iron, and vitamin B12 to other forms of commercial infant foods but contained considerably more total sugars (8.4 g/100 g vs. 2.3 g/100 g). However, median free sugars and added sugars content was very low across all food groups except for “dairy” and “sweet snacks”. All “dry cereals” were fortified with iron whereas none of the infant food pouches were. Therefore, consuming food pouches to the exclusion of other commercial infant foods may place infants at risk of iron deficiency if they do not receive sufficient iron from other sources.

scholarly journals Sugar consumption in schoolchildren from southern Spain and influence on the prevalence of obesity

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0242602
Author(s):  
Leticia Heras-Gonzalez ◽  
José Antonio Latorre ◽  
Manuel Martinez-Bebia ◽  
Nuria Gimenez-Blasi ◽  
Fátima Olea-Serrano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Total Activity ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Southern Spain ◽  
Free Sugars ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Added Sugars ◽  
School Year ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Total Carbohydrates

Aim The main cause of childhood overweight/obesity is an imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure. The objective was to determine whether the intake by Spanish schoolchildren of sugars from habitually consumed foods and drinks can be related to overweight/obesity. Methods Subjects The study included 657 schoolchildren between 7–10 years from educational centers in Southern Spain. These children live under the influence of the Mediterranean diet. Design Participants completed an encoded questionnaire with three sections: a) data on sex, age, educational center, school year, and life/family habits, among others; b) semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire related to the previous 12 months; and c) information on anthropometrics and physical activities. Results Obesity was observed in 10.9% of the children. The daily activity questionnaire showed a mean energy expenditure of 8.73 (1.33) MJ/day. The study considered foods that supply carbohydrates in any form (total carbohydrates, starch, total sugars, added sugars, and free sugars). The likelihood of overweight/obesity was significantly greater with a higher intake/day of total sugars, starch, added sugars, and free sugars. The likelihood of normal weight was significantly greater with lower energy expenditure in sedentary activities (OR = 3.03), higher energy expenditure in sports activities (OR = 1.72), and higher total activity/day measured as METs (OR = 8.31). Conclusions In this population, overweight/obesity was influenced by the physical activity of the children and by their intake of energy, total sugars, starch, added sugars, and free sugars. Further studies are warranted to verify this observation and explore the implications for public health policies.

scholarly journals Carbohydrate Quality Metrics and Their Association with Population Nutrient Intakes and Diet Quality in Australia

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 510-510
Author(s):  
Michelle Blumfield ◽  
Andrew McConnell ◽  
Vanessa Campos ◽  
Kim-Anne Lê ◽  
Flavia Fayet-Moore
Keyword(s):  
Diet Quality ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Quality Metrics ◽  
Nutrient Intakes ◽  
Free Sugars ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Added Sugars ◽  
Simple Ratio

Abstract Objectives Carbohydrate (CHO) quality is important for health, yet it is unclear how to best define CHO quality. The aim of this study was to investigate whether diets that meet one of three CHO quality ratios, that include a combination of grams of CHO, fiber or free sugars, are associated with improved diet quality in Australia. Methods National data from the 2011–12 Australian National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey were assessed (n = 12,153; age 49.0 ± 16.4y adults, 9.5 ± 5.0y children). Three CHO quality ratios were defined: (i) Simple ratio, 10:1 (10 g CHO: ³1 g fiber); (ii) Modified ratio, 10:1:2 (10 g CHO: ³1 g fiber: £2 g free sugars); and (iii) Dual ratio, 10:1 & 1:2 (10 g CHO: ³1 g fiber & £2 g free sugars per 1 g fiber). Participants were defined as having met or not met each ratio in terms of total daily nutrient intakes. Dietary data were collected using a validated Automated Multiple-Pass Method. Nutrient intakes and food group data were compared to Australian Nutrient Reference Values and an Australian Healthy Eating Index (HEIFA-2013). Results Prevalence of ratio adherence was: simple ratio (45%), modified ratio (30%) and dual ratio (36%). After adjusting for energy intake, adults and children who met a ratio reported lower energy intakes, higher fiber and micronutrient intakes, higher HEIFA-2013 scores (adults only) and lower intakes of total sugars, added sugars and sodium (P < .001 for all), compared to those who failed to meet any ratio. Compared to the simple ratio, modified and dual ratios further decreased adult intakes of total sugars (95 g modified, 71 g dual vs 116 g simple; P < .001), added sugars (36 g, 16 g vs 57 g; P < .001) and free sugars (50 g, 26 g vs 72 g; P < .001), and increased HEIFA-2013 scores (56, 59 vs 51; P < .001), with similar findings in children. Conclusions All three CHO quality metrics identified diets with higher nutrient intakes and HEIFA-2013 scores, with the addition of a free sugars constraint resulting in further improvements in diet quality. Utility of a CHO quality metric, based on CHO, fiber and free sugars, may offer a simple, standardized approach to improve total diet quality, which has potential for high public health impact. Funding Sources Nestlé Research.

Curing Influences Sugar Metabolizing Enzyme Activity in Sweetpotato

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 459b-459
Author(s):  
Yuehe Huang ◽  
David H. Picha ◽  
Charles E. Johnson ◽  
Anthony W. Kilili
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Invertase Activity ◽  
Breeding Line ◽  
Metabolizing Enzymes ◽  
Free Sugars ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Metabolizing Enzyme ◽  
Sucrose Phosphate Synthetase ◽  
Sucrose Phosphate

Sweetpotato roots (`Beauregard', `Hernandez', and LSU breeding line 9496) were cured (30 °C and 90% RH) for 10 days immediately after harvest to determine the effect of curing on several sugar-metabolizing enzymes. Free sugars and activities of invertase, sucrose synthase (SS), and sucrose phosphate synthetase (SPS) were assayed. Total sugars for the three genotypes ranged from 132.5 to 177.9 mg sugar/g DW at harvest, and from 162.3 to 204.3 mg sugar/g DW after curing. Enzyme activity at harvest averaged over the three genotypes ranged from: 154 to 251 mol sucrose DW/h for invertase; 18.6 to 23.1 mol sucrose DW/h for SS, and 7.4 to 15.7 mol sucrose DW/hr for SPS. Enzyme activity after curing averaged over the three genotypes ranged from: 251 to 288 mol sucrose DW/h for invertase; 20.3 to 25.8 mol sucrose DW/h for SS, and 11.3 to 17.3 mol sucrose DW/h for SPS. The increase in invertase activity during curing was highest in `Hernandez' and lowest in the breeding line 9496. The increase in invertase activity correlated to the increase in reducing sugar content for `Hernandez' and `Beauregard'. Curing also shifted the pH optima of invertase in `Hernandez' from pH 5.2 to 7.6.

scholarly journals Dietary sugars intake and micronutrient adequacy: a systematic review of the evidence

2007 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sigrid A. Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Biological Significance ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Free Sugars ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Added Sugars ◽  
Hand Search ◽  
Dietary Sugars ◽  
The Relationship

Guidelines for sugars intake range from a population mean of less than 10 % energy from free sugars, to a maximum for individuals of 25 % energy from added sugars. The aim of the present review was to examine the evidence for micronutrient dilution by sugars and evaluate its nutritional significance. From a web-based search of MEDLINE and hand search of linked papers, forty-eight relevant publications were identified on sugars (total sugars, non-milk extrinsic sugars, or added sugars) or sugar-containing drinks. These included five reports from expert committees, six reviews, thirty-three observational studies and four small-scale interventions. There was inconsistency between studies as to the relationship between sugars intake (however expressed) and micronutrients. The statistical patterns varied between nutrients and population groups. Curvilinear associations were found in some analyses, with lower nutrient intakes at both extremes of sugar intake; however, factors such as dieting and under-reporting may confound the associations observed. Some studies found statistically significant inverse associations but these were weak, with sugars explaining less than 5 % of the variance. Mean intakes of most micronutrients were above the RDA or reference nutrient intake except among very high consumers of sugars. The available evidence does not allow for firm conclusions on an optimal level of added sugars intake for micronutrient adequacy and the trends that exist may have little biological significance except for a few nutrients (for example, Fe). It is established that energy intake is the prime predictor of micronutrient adequacy. A better understanding of valid approaches to energy adjustment, misreporting and the assessment of micronutrient adequacy is crucial to further progress in this area.

scholarly journals Relationship between energy from added sugars and frequency of added sugars intake in Irish children, teenagers and adults

2008 ◽  
Vol 99 (5) ◽  
pp. 1117-1126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Triona Joyce ◽  
Sinead N. McCarthy ◽  
Michael J. Gibney
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Relationship ◽  
Added Sugar ◽  
Free Sugars ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Added Sugars ◽  
Sugar Intake ◽  
The North ◽  
Food Consumption Survey ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Food Diaries

A WHO report on diet, nutrition and the prevention of chronic diseases recommended that frequency of consumption of foods and/or drinks containing free sugars should be limited to a maximum of four times per d. In addition, they recommended a reduction in the intake of free sugars to a maximum of no more than 10 % of energy intake. These recommendations were developed with the aim of reducing the prevalence of dental caries. The aim of the present study was to establish if there is a quantitative relationship between energy from added sugars and frequency of added sugars intakes in Irish children, teenagers and adults. In addition, the intake of added and total sugars and main contributors to added sugar intakes were examined. Data for the present analysis were based on the North/South Ireland Food Consumption Survey (n1379; aged 18–64 years), the National Children's Food Survey (n594; aged 5–12 years) and the National Teen Food Survey (n441; aged 13–17 years) which used 7 d food diaries to collect food and beverage intake data in representative samples of Irish adults, children and teenagers respectively. Results showed that in adults, frequency of intake of added sugar intake of four times per d corresponded to a mean added sugar intake of 9 %, which was similar to the WHO recommendation. In children and teenagers, a frequency of intake of four times per d corresponded to a mean added sugar intake of 14·6 and 12·4 % respectively and was therefore not in agreement with the WHO recommendation.

scholarly journals Intakes of Total, Free, and Naturally Occurring Sugars in the French-Speaking Adult Population of the Province of Québec, Canada: The PREDISE Study

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amélie Bergeron ◽  
Marie-Ève Labonté ◽  
Didier Brassard ◽  
Alexandra Bédard ◽  
Catherine Laramée ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Population ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
World Health ◽  
Free Sugar ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Free Sugars ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Sugar Intake ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
French Speaking

The objective of this study was to characterize the intakes of different types of sugars in an age- and sex-representative sample of French-speaking adults from five regions of the Province of Québec, Canada, enrolled in the cross-sectional PREDISE (PRÉDicteurs Individuels, Sociaux et Environnementaux) study (n = 1147, 18–65 years old; 50.2% women). Because only total sugar content of foods and beverages is available in the Canadian Nutrient File (CNF) 2015, the initial step of this study was thus to build a database of free and naturally occurring sugars content of each food item and recipe included in the R24W, which is an automated, self-administered, web-based, 24-h dietary recall validated to estimate nutrient intakes in French-speaking adults of the Province of Québec. Total sugars were manually differentiated into free and naturally occurring sugars using a systematic algorithm based on previously published systematic algorithms. The World Health Organization (WHO)’s free sugar definition was used to differentiate total sugars into free and naturally occurring sugars. Dietary intake estimates were assessed using three 24-h dietary recalls completed with the R24W. Mean total, free, and naturally occurring sugar intakes were 116.4 g (19.3% of daily energy intake (%E)), 72.5 g (11.7%E), and 44.0 g (7.5%E), respectively. Over half (57.3%) of the overall sample did not meet the WHO’s recommendation to consume less than 10%E from free sugars. Women had a higher %E from naturally occurring sugars than men and being younger was associated with a greater %E from free sugars. Sugar intakes among French-speaking adults from the Province of Québec were mainly in the form of free sugars, with the majority of the population exceeding the WHO recommendation regarding free sugar intake. This suggests that public health efforts towards reducing free sugar intake in this population are relevant and necessary, considering that overconsumption of free sugars negatively influences health outcomes.

scholarly journals Canadian Adults with Moderate Intakes of Total Sugars have Greater Intakes of Fibre and Key Micronutrients: Results from the Canadian Community Health Survey 2015 Public Use Microdata File

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye (Flora) Wang ◽  
Laura Chiavaroli ◽  
Kaitlin Roke ◽  
Chiara DiAngelo ◽  
Sandra Marsden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Health ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Food Choices ◽  
Canadian Community Health Survey ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Free Sugars ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Community Health Survey ◽  
Iron And Zinc

Background: Global dietary guidelines recommend reducing free sugars intake, which may affect choices of sugars-containing foods, including important sources of key micronutrients. The purpose of the study was to compare the intakes of nutrients stratified by intakes of sugars in Canadian adults. Methods: The first-day 24-h dietary recalls from adults (n = 11,817) in the 2015 Canadian Community Health Survey-Nutrition were used to compare macronutrients, micronutrients and food categories across quintiles of total sugars [by %energy (%E)], adjusted for misreporting status and covariates. Results: Canadian adults consumed on average 86.9 g/day (18.8 %E) from total sugars and 47.5 g/day (9.9 %E) from free sugars. Mean intakes for the 1st (Q1), 3rd (Q3) and 5th (Q5) quintiles of total sugars were 7.9%E, 18.3%E and 33.3%E, respectively. Q3 had higher fibre, calcium, vitamin D, vitamin A, vitamin C and potassium intakes than Q1 (p < 0.001), reflecting higher fruit, milk and yogurt (p < 0.001) consumption. Compared to Q5, Q3 had higher intakes of folate, vitamin B12, iron and zinc. Conclusion: This study provides the first detailed analyses of Canadian adults’ macro- and micro-nutrient intakes stratified by different intakes of total sugars. Moderate intakes of total sugars may result in greater intakes of fibre and micronutrients. Overall nutrient intake should be considered when making food choices.

scholarly journals Nutritional value of child-targeted food products: Results from the Food Quality Observatory

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Joséane Gilbert-Moreau ◽  
Sonia Pomerleau ◽  
Julie Perron ◽  
Pierre Gagnon ◽  
Marie-Ève Labonté ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Food Quality ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Food Product ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Grocery Stores ◽  
Free Sugars ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Breakfast Cereals

Abstract Objective: To characterize the nutritional quality of food products targeted to children, we aimed 1) to determine if the nutritional composition of child-targeted food products is different from those for the general population, and 2) to verify differences in the nutrient content of child-targeted food products between three selected food categories. Design: The present study is part of the work conducted by the Food Quality Observatory, created in 2016 in the province of Quebec (Canada). Ready-to-eat (RTE) breakfast cereals (n=331), granola bars (n=310), and yoghurts and dairy desserts (n=380) were the food categories analyzed. Setting: Nutritional values and all packaging information were obtained by purchasing every product available in supermarkets, grocery stores and specialty grocery stores. Free sugars were manually differentiated from total sugars for each product. Products were classified according to two targeted consumer groups: children or general population. Results: The nutrient profile of RTE breakfast cereals, granola bars, and yoghurts and dairy desserts targeted to children differed from that of products intended at the general population. Child-targeted RTE breakfast cereals had the least favorable nutritional composition, with significantly higher content of carbohydrates, total sugars, free sugars and sodium compared to breakfast cereals for the general population as well as child-targeted granola bars and yoghurts and dairy desserts. All child-targeted products analyzed contained free sugars. Conclusions: The present study supports the relevance to further regulate marketing to children on food product packages to ensure that such marketing is not present on food products with poor nutritional quality.

PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND MICROBIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF HONEYS CONSUMED BY THE ELDERLY

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lusmarina Rodrigues Silva ◽  
Aline Marques Monte ◽  
Rafael Gomes Abreu Bacelar ◽  
Guilherme Antonio Silva Ribeiro ◽  
Aline Maria Dourado Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Center ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Indicator Bacteria ◽  
Foreign Matter ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Significant Contamination ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Microbiological Analyses ◽  
Current Standards

Objective: to analyze physicochemical, microbiological and dirt parameters in marketed honeys, consumed by the elderly cared for at Integrated Health Center in Teresina, Piauí, Brazil. Method: the following analyses were performed: color, water activity, humidity, ash, pH, acidity, reducing sugars, total sugars, apparent sucrose and insoluble solids. Contamination indicator bacteria, mesophilic microorganisms, filamentous fungi and yeasts, as well as dirt and foreign matter, performed in the period from April to June 2016. Results: analyses of ash, pH, acidity and insoluble solids were outside current standards. Microbiological analyses did not present significant contamination. Also, analyses of dirt showed insect fragments, foreign matter in almost all the samples. Conclusion: parameters of ash, pH, acidity and insoluble solids, as well as dirt and foreign matter, indicated that the samples were not in accordance with current legislation. 

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