1356. Biochemical effects of carbamate insecticides

Carbaryl (1-naphthalenylmethylcarbamate) is one of the most frequently used carbamate insecticides. Carbaryl has elicited some serious carcinogenic activity in the chronic rodent studies and has also been found to cause tumors in the liver. Though carbaryl is relatively safe to mammals, but carbaryl causes damage to hepatocytes. It has other biochemical effects, as it reacts with reduced glutathione and probably directly with other accessible protein hydroxyl and sulphydryl groups or indirectly through reactions involving the glutathione conjugate. In mammals, carbaryl inhibits acetylcholinesterase causing several neural problems. Some recent reports suggest it can bind human melatonin receptors exerting serious implications on human health. Here in this review an attempt has been made to summarise carbaryl’s mode of action and its ill effects on human health.

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Effects of 5-5'-Diphenyl-2-thiohydantoin (DPTH) and Thyroxine on the Ultrastructure and Chemical Composition of Rat Liver

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100066917 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 29 ◽

pp. 570-571

Author(s):

E. A. Elfont ◽

R. B. Tobin ◽

D. G. Colton ◽

M. A. Mehlman

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Rat Liver ◽

Future Study ◽

Mode Of Action ◽

Liver Mitochondria ◽

Rat Liver Mitochondria ◽

Effective Inhibitor ◽

Biochemical Effects ◽

Glycerophosphate Dehydrogenase ◽

Stimulation Of

Summary5,-5'-diphenyl-2-thiohydantoin (DPTH) is an effective inhibitor of thyroxine (T4) stimulation of α-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase in rat liver mitochondria. Because this finding indicated a possible tool for future study of the mode of action of thyroxine, the ultrastructural and biochemical effects of DPTH and/or thyroxine on rat liver mere investigated.Rats were fed either standard or DPTH (0.06%) diet for 30 days before T4 (250 ug/kg/day) was injected. Injection of T4 occurred daily for 10 days prior to sacrifice. After removal of the liver and kidneys, part of the tissue was frozen at -50°C for later biocheailcal analyses, while the rest was prefixed in buffered 3.5X glutaraldehyde (390 mOs) and post-fixed in buffered 1Z OsO4 (376 mOs). Tissues were embedded in Araldlte 502 and the sections examined in a Zeiss EM 9S.Hepatocytes from hyperthyroid rats (Fig. 2) demonstrated enlarged and more numerous mitochondria than those of controls (Fig. 1). Glycogen was almost totally absent from the cytoplasm of the T4-treated rats.

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Load-Bearing in the Ovine Medial Tibial Condyle: Effect of Meniscectomy

Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1633027 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 06 (02) ◽

pp. 100-104 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

D. M. Pickles ◽

C. R. Bellenger

Keyword(s):

Knee Joint ◽

Contact Area ◽

Mammalian Species ◽

Total Removal ◽

Load Bearing ◽

Human Knee ◽

Biochemical Effects ◽

Pressure Sensitive ◽

Medial Meniscectomy ◽

Tibial Condyle

SummaryTotal removal of a knee joint meniscus is followed by osteoarthritis in many mammalian species. Altered load-bearing has been observed in the human knee following meniscectomy but less is known about biochemical effects of meniscectomy in other species. Using pressure sensitive paper in sheep knee (stifle) joints it was found that, for comparable loads, the load-bearing area on the medial tibial condyle was significantly reduced following medial meniscectomy. Also, for loads of between 50 N and 500 N applied to the whole joint, the slope of the regression of contact area against load was much smaller. Following medial meniscectomy, the ability to increase contact area as load increased was markedly reduced.The load bearing area on the medial tibial condyle was reduced following meniscectomy.

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