scholarly journals Evaluation of learning and memory using an elevated-plus maze in mice.

1994 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 349
Author(s):  
Shuichi Miyazaki ◽  
Masahiro Imaizumi ◽  
Haruhiko Machida
Keyword(s):  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Evaluation Of Learning

scholarly journals Evaluation of learning and memory effect of atorvastatin and simvastatin in alprazolam induced amnesia in mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 1900
Author(s):  
Shashikala G. ◽  
Jyothi C. H. ◽  
Shashikala G. H.
Keyword(s):  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Memory Effect ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Evaluation Of Learning ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
One Way Anova

Background: The study was undertaken to evaluate the learning and memory effect of lipid lowering drugs atorvastatin and simvastatin in alprazolam induced amnesic mice.Methods: The study was carried out on albino mice, divided into 4 groups of 6 animals each (either sex, 3-4 months of age, weight 25-30g). Amnesia was induced by administering Alprazolam (2mg/kg for 14 days) in all 4 groups from 1st to 14th day. In addition, group 2, 3 and 4 received Piracetam (400mg/kg), Atorvastatin (5mg/kg) and Simvastatin (5mg/kg) from 8th to 14th day respectively. The learning and memory of the animals was assessed by employing Elevated plus maze (EPM) and Step-down type passive avoidance (SDA) model.Results: Results were compared among the different groups using one way-ANOVA followed by post hoc Tukey’s test. The measured parameters were compared with standard drug Piracetam. In EPM model Atorvastatin (p<0.049) and Simvastatin (p<0.007) were comparable with standard drug Piracetam, whereas in SDA model only simvastatin group (p<0.001) showed significant result.Conclusions: In EPM model, both the statins showed significant improvement in learning and memory in alprazolam induced amnesic mice. However further studies are required to support these observations.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF LEARNING AND MEMORY IN RATS THROUGH ELEVATED PLUS MAZE MODEL

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manju Gari ◽  
Manisha Varshney
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Pharmacological Study ◽  
Memory Loss ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Pathologic Features ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Evaluation Of Learning ◽  
Present Understanding

The understanding of dementia has evolved over 2500 years, from a vague notion of unavoidable age-related memory loss, to a present understanding of its characteristic clinical and pathologic features. Alzheimer disease (AD) symptoms include decline in cognitive function and it is most common form of dementia. In this pharmacological study two drugs Metformin and Bacopa monnieri have been tested to evaluate their efficacy in treatment of AD using Elevated Plus Maze model by evaluating effect of these drugs on learning and memory in rats. The results shown during experiments are promising by both these drugs in improvement of learning and memory in rats, and therefore could be the potential therapy in treatment of AD as well.

scholarly journals Neuroprotective Effect of Green Synthesized Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Using Aqueous Extract of Convolvulus Pluricaulis Plant in The Management of Alzheimer’s Disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lakshmi Pravallika Poka ◽  
Krishna Mohan G. ◽  
Venkateswara Rao K. ◽  
Shanker K.
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Iron Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Convolvulus Pluricaulis

To evaluate the neuroprotective effect of green synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles using aqueous extract of whole plant of Convolvulus pluricaulis (CPIO) in scopolamine induced amnesia model. CPIO were orally tested at the dose of 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg for neuroprotective effect in scopolamine induced amnesia mice. In addition, neurobehavioral studies were carried out using elevated plus maze, Morris water maze to evaluate learning and memory in mice in normal and scopolamine induced amnesia mice. CPIO 400 mg/kg showed a significant improvement in learning and memory in the normal and scopolamine induced amnesia mice in exteroceptive models. Significant differences were observed in lipid peroxidation, catalase and acetylcholinesterase by 400 mg/kg of CPIO treated amnesic animals, when compared with untreated and scopolamine group animals. The highest dose of CPIO exhibited significant neuroprotective effect in normal and scopolamine induced amnesia mice. They also showed significant improvement in learning and memory in exteroceptive and interoceptive models and so might be of value in Alzheimer’s treatment.

scholarly journals Effect of Aegle marmelos methanolic extracts of leaf and fruit pulp on learning and memory in albino rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 403
Author(s):  
Pojala Kumar ◽  
Krishnakanth K. ◽  
Jagadeesh Alla
Keyword(s):  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Methyl Cellulose ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Latency Time ◽  
Fruit Pulp ◽  
Aegle Marmelos ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Background: The objective was to study the effect of Aegle marmelos methanolic extracts of leaf (LE) and fruit pulp extract (FE) on learning and memory in albino rats. 40 healthy wistar albino rats of either sex were randomly divided into 10 groups of 4 each (n=4), weighing about 150 to 200 gm were selected for the study. The extracts i.e. 1ml of 1% carboxy methyl cellulose, LE and FE at doses of 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg were administered per oral one hour before the experiment.Methods: Learning and memory was assessed by elevated plus maze and Hebb William maze. Latency time and number of entries were assessed by elevated plus maze whereas only latency was assessed by Hebb William maze.Results: Plant extracts of LE and FE at doses 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg have shown significant percentage reduction in latency time in elevated plus maze and Hebb William maze (p<0.05) and reduction in the number of entries in elevated plus maze.Conclusions: LE and FE at doses 200 mg/kg have shown significant effect on learning and memory.

scholarly journals Memory-Enhancing Activity of Palmatine in Mice Using Elevated Plus Maze and Morris Water Maze

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinesh Dhingra ◽  
Varun Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Morris Water Maze ◽  
Water Maze ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Activity ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Improved Learning ◽  
Memory Enhancing ◽  
Brain Acetylcholinesterase

The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of palmatine on memory of Swiss young male albino mice. Palmatine (0.1, 0.5, 1 mg/kg,i.p.) and physostigmine (0.1 mg/kg,i.p.) per se were administered for 10 successive days to separate groups of mice. Effect of drugs on learning and memory of mice was evaluated using elevated plus maze and Morris water maze. Brain acetylcholinesterase activity was also estimated. Effect of palmatine on scopolamine- and diazepam-induced amnesia was also investigated. Palmatine (0.5 and 1 mg/kg) and physostigmine significantly improved learning and memory of mice, as indicated by decrease in transfer latency using elevated plus maze, and decrease in escape latency during training and increase in time spent in target quadrant during retrieval using Morris water maze. The drugs did not show any significant effect on locomotor activity of the mice. Memory-enhancing activity of palmatine (1 mg/kg) was comparable to physostigmine. Palmatine (1 mg/kg) significantly reversed scopolamine- and diazepam-induced amnesia in mice. Palmatine and physostigmine also significantly reduced brain acetylcholinesterase activity of mice. Thus, palmatine showed memory-enhancing activity in mice probably by inhibiting brain acetylcholinesterase activity, through involvement of GABA-benzodiazepine pathway, and due to its antioxidant activity.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF NOOTROPIC ACTIVITY OF ACHYRANTHES ASPERA LEAVES EXTRACT IN WISTAR RATS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 218
Author(s):  
Divya Bhargavan ◽  
Suchetha Kumari ◽  
Deepa B
Keyword(s):  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Radial Arm Maze ◽  
Nootropic Activity ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Achyranthes Aspera ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Group 1

Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the nootropic activity of hydroalcoholic extract of Achyranthes aspera leaves using elevated plus maze and radial arm maze.Methods: Adult Wistar rats were allotted to three groups; Group 1 served as control, Groups 2 and 3 received 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg of AA extract, respectively, orally for 2 weeks after which the extent of improvement of memory was assessed.Results: AA showed nootropic activity in both elevated plus maze and radial arm maze. 200 mg/kg of AA extract showed better improvement in learning and memory compared to 400 mg/kg.Conclusions: These results indicate that AA leaves extract clearly exhibited the improvement in learning and memory.

Comparative Effects of Captopril, Losartan and PD123319 on the Memory Processes in Rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Bild ◽  
L. Hritcu ◽  
A. Ciobica ◽  
V. Artenie ◽  
I. Haulica
Keyword(s):  
Passive Avoidance ◽  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Anxiety State ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Memory Processes ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Y Maze ◽  
Plus Maze

Aims:Renin-angiotensin system in the central nervous system participates in the processing of sensory information, learning and memory processes. Inhibitors of renin-angiotensin system, particularly angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor antagonists are reported to have potential effects in various learning and memory processes. In the present study we assessed the effects of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor captopril and the angiotensin AT1 receptors antagonists, lostartan and PD123319, in learning and memory processes by means of Y-maze and passive avoidance tasks. The anxiety state was measured in elevated plus maze.Methods:Male Wistar rats were divided into three groups: 1. sham-operated; 2. Captopril; 3. Losartan; 4. PD123319. All drugs were stereotaxically icv injected, rather than captopril (i.p.). Learning and memory tests began 2 weeks after the operation, and the ability of the rats to acquire the operant task was studied by means of Y-maze task and passive avoidance task, respectively. The anxiety state was measured in elevated plus maze.Results:Captopril, losartan and PD123319 significantly impaired spatial memory in Y-maze task, suggesting significant effects on short-term memory. In passive avoidance task, all drugs, significantly decreased step-through-latency, suggesting significant effects on long-term memory. In elevated plus maze measuring anxiety, all drugs diminished anxiety state.Conclusions:These results suggest the involvement of the brain renin-angiotensin system in learning and memory formation.

scholarly journals A comparative study of effect of phenytoin, topiramate, and zonisamide in learning and memory of albino rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 1297
Author(s):  
Bhulan Prasad Loc ◽  
Kishor Chakraborty ◽  
Vineet Kumar ◽  
Manju Gari
Keyword(s):  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Water Maze ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Retention Behavior ◽  
Learning Behavior ◽  
Significant Delay ◽  
Neurologic Diseases ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Therapeutic Doses

Background: Epilepsy is one of the non-communicable neurologic diseases leading to significant morbidity and mortality. Complaints of impaired learning and memory are common in patients of epilepsy. Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) may further enhance this impairment. So, the present study was carried out on albino rats to evaluate the effect of AEDs on learning and memory.Methods: Albino rats of about 150 -200 gm of either sex were treated with drugs for 15 days and assessed for effect on learning behavior and again treated for next 15 days after which they were assessed for retention behavior on Morris water maze and Elevated plus maze. The data was statistically analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey HSD.Results: Phenytoin and topiramate causes significant delay in learning and memory whereas zonisamide doesn’t causes significant delay in learning and memory.Conclusions: Impairment in learning and memory occurs in treatment with phenytoin and topiramate but not with zonisamide in low therapeutic doses.

scholarly journals Effect of duloxetine acute treatment against 3, 4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine-induced cognitive impairment and memory deficiency in male rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 190-197
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Sham Group ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Treatment Control ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Memory Disturbance

Background and Aims: 3, 4- methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) is used for recreational purposes worldwide. The use of MDMA resulted in learning and memory dysfunction. Duloxetine, a serotonin/noradrenalin-reuptake inhibitor is also utilized to treat depression and anxiety. The current study aimed to evaluate the effects of duloxetine against MDMAchr('39')s effect on anxiety, cognition, and memory disturbance in the male rats. Materials and Methods: Wistar rats received treatment of saline (10 ml/kg; sham group), “MDMA” (10 mg/kg), “Duloxetine” (10 mg/kg), and Duloxetine plus MDMA (10 mg/kg, each), or no treatment (control) through the intraperitoneal administration for four days. The elevated plus maze (EPM), passive avoidance learning (PAL), Morris water maze (MWM), and novel object recognition (NOR) tests were employed to evaluate the anxiety, memory, and cognition, Results: The MDMA increased the time spent in open arms in EPM, time spent in the dark part of PAL, and swimming time to reach the platform in MWM. Furthermore, duloxetine inhibited the reduction of the discrimination index, time spent in the dark compartment, and time spent on the platform in NOR, PAL, and MWM tests among rats received MDMA. Moreover, duloxetine decreased time spent in open arms and the target quadrant in EPM and MWM tests. Conclusions: Our findings suggested that duloxetine treatment attenuated the MDMA-induced anxiolytic response and could improve MDMA-induced cognitive impairment and disturbance in learning and memory.

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