Bone mineral density and bone structure parameters as predictors of bone strength: an analysis using computerized microtomography and gastrectomy-induced osteopenia in the rat

2000 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mats Stenström ◽  
Birger Olander ◽  
Daisy Lehto-Axtelius ◽  
Jan Erik Madsen ◽  
Lars Nordsletten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Strength ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Bone Structure ◽  
Structure Parameters ◽  
Mineral Density

scholarly journals Effect of Low Dietary Vitamin D Fed Prior to and During Pregnancy and Lactation on Maternal Bone Mineral Density, Structure and Strength in C57BL/6 Mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher R Villa ◽  
Sandra M Sacco ◽  
Jianmin Chen ◽  
Amel Taibi ◽  
Elena M Comelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Bone Strength ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Distal Femur ◽  
Bone Structure ◽  
Lumbar Vertebra ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation

ABSTRACT Several studies have shown that diets containing lower vitamin D than in the AIN-93G diet do not compromise bone structure, bone mineral density (BMD) and/or bone strength in male and female mice. This study determined if a diet containing low vitamin D from pre-pregnancy through the end of lactation maintained these bone outcomes to a similar extent as a high vitamin D diet. Mice were fed an AIN-93G diet with 25 (LD diet) or 5000 (HD diet) IU vitamin D/kg diet from pre-mating through lactation (n = 15/group). Of the major structure outcomes, only cortical area fraction of the distal femur was lower (P < 0.05) with LD diet. Lumbar vertebra BMD was lower (P < 0.05) with LD while distal femur BMD and bone strength at three sites did not differ. Dams fed a LD diet pre-mating through the end of lactation had largely similar bone outcomes to dams fed a HD diet.

scholarly journals The Effects of Combination of Alendronate and Human Parathyroid Hormone(1–34) on Bone Strength Are Synergistic in the Lumbar Vertebra and Additive in the Femur of C57BL/6J Mice

Endocrinology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 148 (9) ◽  
pp. 4466-4474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Johnston ◽  
Sharon Andrews ◽  
Victor Shen ◽  
Felicia Cosman ◽  
Robert Lindsay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Density ◽  
Bone Strength ◽  
Bone Quality ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Bone Markers ◽  
Bone Structure ◽  
Human Study ◽  
Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Mineral Density

A cyclic PTH regimen is as effective as a daily regimen on bone density gain in humans and in improving bone quality in mice. Our previous murine study evaluated the effects of a cyclic PTH regimen in the absence of a bisphosphonate, whereas our human study addressed the effects of a cyclic PTH regimen in the presence of ongoing alendronate (ALN) treatment. Accordingly, the current study examined the effects of cyclic or daily PTH regimens in combination with ALN on bone quality and bone density in mice. Twenty-week-old, female C57BL/6J mice were treated with the following sc injections (n = 10): 1) vehicle for 5 d/wk (control); 2) ALN (20 μg/kg·d) 3 d/wk (ALN); 3) human PTH(1–34) (40 μg/kg·d) 5 d/wk (daily PTH); 4) daily PTH in addition to ALN (daily PTH plus ALN); 5) PTH 5 d/wk and vehicle 5 d/wk alternating weekly (cyclic PTH); 6) cyclic PTH in addition to ALN (cyclic PTH plus ALN); and 7) PTH and ALN alternating weekly (alt PTH and ALN). Bone mineral density was measured weekly by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, and at 7 wk, bone markers, bone structure, and bone strength were evaluated by biochemical assays, peripheral quantitative computed tomography and mechanical testing, respectively. At 7 wk, all treatments significantly increased femoral and vertebral bone mineral density. ALN slightly decreased endosteal circumference, whereas PTH increased periosteal circumference, resulting in significant increases in femoral cortical thickness in all groups. PTH and ALN enhanced bone strength synergistically in the lumbar vertebrae and additively in the femur. Combined therapy, however, had no effects on bone markers. The results show that combinations of ALN and PTH, in both daily and cyclic regimens, produce more beneficial effects than treatment with either agent alone, suggesting that the mechanisms of actions of ALN and PTH on bone quality may be complementary.

Influence of electro-acupuncture on bone mineral density, bone strength and ultrastructure in ovariectomized rats

Bone ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z.G. Luo ◽  
A.T. Wang ◽  
W.S. Yu ◽  
Y. Zhao ◽  
P. Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Strength ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Mineral Density

475 A Novel Means of Assessing Bone Mineral Density and Bone Strength in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease Undergoing CT Enterography

2013 ◽  
Vol 144 (5) ◽  
pp. S-86
Author(s):  
Nicholas K. Weber ◽  
Jeff L. Fidler ◽  
Bart L. Clarke ◽  
Sundeep Khosla ◽  
Joel G. Fletcher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bone Strength ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Ct Enterography ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

scholarly journals Role of Dietary Intake and Serum 25(OH)D on the Effects of a Multicomponent Exercise Program on Bone Mass and Structure of Frail and Pre-Frail Older Adults

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 3016
Author(s):  
Ana Moradell ◽  
David Navarrete-Villanueva ◽  
Ángel I. Fernández-García ◽  
Jorge Marín-Puyalto ◽  
Alejandro Gómez-Bruton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Bone Structure ◽  
Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Frail Older Adults ◽  
Frail Elders ◽  
Tibia Length

The multicomponent training (MCT) effect on bone health in frail and pre-frail elders, which is influenced by dietary intake, is still unknown. The objective of this non-randomized intervention trial was to assess the effects of a 6-month MCT on bone structure in frail and pre-frail elders, and to analyse the influence of dietary intake and serum vitamin D (25(OH)D) in these changes. Thirty MCT (TRAIN) and sixteen controls (CON), frail and pre-frail completed the information required for this study. Peripheral quantitative computed tomography measurements were taken at 4% and 38% of the tibia length and dietary intake was registered. The 25(OH)D values were obtained from blood samples. Analyses of covariance (ANCOVA) for repeated measures showed significant decreases for CON in total bone mineral content at 38% of tibia length. One factor ANOVAs showed smaller decreases in bone mineral density and cortical thickness percentage of change in TRAIN compared to CON. Linear regression analyses were performed to study the influence of nutrients and 25(OH)D on bone changes. Alcohol showed a negative influence on fracture index changes, while polyunsaturated fatty acid and vitamin A showed a positive association with some bone variables. The 25(OH)D only affected positively the cortical bone mineral density. In conclusion, our MCT seems to slow down some of the bone detriments associated with ageing in frail and pre-frail older adults, with alcohol showing a negative effect on the bone and apparent limited effect of nutrients and serum 25(OH)D on training related changes.

scholarly journals Beyond Bone Mineral Density: A New Dual X-Ray Absorptiometry Index of Bone Strength to Predict Fragility Fractures, the Bone Strain Index

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Massimo Ulivieri ◽  
Luca Rinaudo
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Density Distribution ◽  
Bone Strength ◽  
Bone Quality ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Fragility Fracture ◽  
Bone Strain ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Strain Index ◽  
X Ray

For a proper assessment of osteoporotic fragility fracture prediction, all aspects regarding bone mineral density, bone texture, geometry and information about strength are necessary, particularly in endocrinological and rheumatological diseases, where bone quality impairment is relevant. Data regarding bone quantity (density) and, partially, bone quality (structure and geometry) are obtained by the gold standard method of dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Data about bone strength are not yet readily available. To evaluate bone resistance to strain, a new DXA-derived index based on the Finite Element Analysis (FEA) of a greyscale of density distribution measured on spine and femoral scan, namely Bone Strain Index (BSI), has recently been developed. Bone Strain Index includes local information on density distribution, bone geometry and loadings and it differs from bone mineral density (BMD) and other variables of bone quality like trabecular bone score (TBS), which are all based on the quantification of bone mass and distribution averaged over the scanned region. This state of the art review illustrates the methodology of BSI calculation, the findings of its in reproducibility and the preliminary data about its capability to predict fragility fracture and to monitor the follow up of the pharmacological treatment for osteoporosis.

scholarly journals Osseus: A Method Based on Artificial Intelligence and Electromagnetic Waves for Ancillary Diagnosis of Osteoporosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Albuquerque¹ ◽  
Agnaldo Cruz¹ ◽  
Dionísio Carvalho¹ ◽  
Nadja Mayrink¹ ◽  
Bruno Pinheiro¹ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Bone Structure ◽  
Middle Finger ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Signal Attenuation ◽  
Mineral Density

Abstract Background: Osteoporosis is characterized by low bone mineral density, which causes fractures and compromises people's quality of life. Diagnostic devices for assessing this health condition, such as Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA), are very costly. Therefore, it is impracticable to meet the demand for tests in Brazil's 5,568 municipalities. Given that, we proposed a pre-clinical validation of a prototype developed to aid bone mineral density classification. Thus, Osseus integrates a microcontroller with other peripheral devices to measure the electromagnetic permittivity at the middle phalanx of the middle finger, with two antennas operating in the 2.45 GHz frequency range. Using Artificial Intelligence to identify risk factors alongside signal attenuation measurement indicates the need for DXA. Results: We conducted tests with plaster, Galliformes, and porcine bones. Comparison of the measurements of the original and mechanically altered samples have demonstrated that the device can handle the complexity of the tissues within the bone structure and characterize its microarchitecture. Conclusions: Osseus is a prototype and has been preliminarily validated. There is a lack of validation studies with the reference/gold standard that are currently under development. Osseus enables early detection of osteoporosis, reduces costs, and optimizes high-complexity testing referrals.

scholarly journals Association Between Physical Fitness and Bone Strength and Structure in 3- to 5-Year-Old Children

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 431-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Gómez-Bruton ◽  
Jorge Marín-Puyalto ◽  
Borja Muñiz-Pardos ◽  
Gabriel Lozano-Berges ◽  
Cristina Cadenas-Sanchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Bone Mineral Content ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Bone Structure ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Volumetric Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Mineral Density

Background: The positive association between physical fitness and bone structure has been widely investigated in children and adolescents, yet no studies have evaluated this influence in young children (ie, preschoolers). Hypothesis: Fit children will present improved bone variables when compared with unfit children, and no sex-based differences will emerge in the sample. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Methods: Handgrip strength, standing long jump (SLJ), speed/agility, balance, and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) were assessed using the Assessing FITness levels in PREschoolers (PREFIT) test battery in 92 children (50 boys; age range, 3-5 years). A peripheral quantitative computed tomography scan was performed at 38% of the length of the nondominant tibia. Cluster analysis from handgrip strength, SLJ, speed/agility, and CRF was developed to identify fitness groups. Bone variables were compared between sexes and between cluster groups. The association between individual physical fitness components and different bone variables was also tested. Results: Three cluster groups emerged: fit (high values on all included physical fitness variables), strong (high strength values and low speed/agility and CRF), and unfit (low strength, speed/agility, and CRF). The fit group presented higher values than the strong and unfit groups for total and cortical bone mineral content, cortical area, and polar strength strain index (all P < 0.05). The fit group also presented a higher cortical thickness when compared with the unfit group ( P < 0.05). Handgrip, SLJ, and speed/agility predicted all bone variables except for total and cortical volumetric bone mineral density. No differences were found for bone variables between sexes. Conclusion: The results suggest that global fitness in preschoolers is a key determinant for bone structure and strength but not volumetric bone mineral density. Clinical Relevance: Physical fitness is a determinant for tibial bone mineral content, structure, and strength in very young children. Performing physical fitness tests could provide useful information related to bone health in preschoolers.

scholarly journals ANTIOSTEOPOROTIC ACTIVITY OF ANTHRAQUINONE ISOLATED FROM MORINDA CITRIFOLIA FRUITS IN RATS

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abin Joy ◽  
Chaitra N ◽  
Ashok M ◽  
Handral M
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Bone Strength ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Morinda Citrifolia ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Tartrate Resistant Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Femur Bone ◽  
Group I

ABSTRACTObjectives: This study was designed to investigate the antiosteoporotic activity of isolated anthraquinones from Morinda citrifolia fruit extract inovariectomy (OVX) induced osteoporotic rats.Methods: All the rats were divided into 4 groups (n=6 each). Group I (sham control) received vehicle, p.o., Group II OVX control (vehicle, p.o.),Group III was OVX+standard raloxifene (5.4 mg/kg, p.o.), and Group IV was OVX+Physcion (100 mg/kg, p.o.) for 90 days.Results: The daily oral administration of isolated compound physcion (100 mg/kg) for 12 weeks to the rats prevented OVX-induced osteoporosis.This was examined by serum biomarkers such as alkaline phosphatase, calcium, and tartrate resistant acid phosphatase and showed significanteffects (p<0.0001). The femur bone strength assessed by three-point bending test showed improved bone strength in physcion treated rats, andthis was supported by enhanced bone mineral density (p<0.05). The ash parameters of femur bone studied from physcion treated rats exhibited asignificant (p<0.0001) value of ash weight followed by ash calcium content. Further, femur bone histological examination revealed the protectiveeffect of the compound physcion (100 mg/kg) against OVX-induced bone loss in rats, where it showed mineralization of trabecular spaces, improvedbone compactness thereby intact bone architecture.Conclusion: This study concludes that the isolated anthraquinone physcion had a preventive effect against OVX-induced bone loss in rats.Keywords: Morinda citrifolia, Physcion, Osteoporosis, Bone mineral density, Ash mineral content.

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