Success of monovision in presbyopes: Review of the literature and potential applications to refractive surgery

1996 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 491-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandeep Jain ◽  
Indu Arora ◽  
Dimitri T. Azar
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Surgery ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Potential Applications

scholarly journals Metamaterials for Microwave Radomes and the Concept of a Metaradome: Review of the Literature

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Öziş ◽  
A. V. Osipov ◽  
T. F. Eibert
Keyword(s):  
Aerodynamic Drag ◽  
Antenna System ◽  
Antenna Design ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Open Problems ◽  
Mechanical Parts ◽  
Artificial Materials ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Band Pass ◽  
Frequency Behavior

A radome is an integral part of almost every antenna system, protecting antennas and antenna electronics from hostile exterior conditions (humidity, heat, cold, etc.) and nearby personnel from rotating mechanical parts of antennas and streamlining antennas to reduce aerodynamic drag and to conceal antennas from public view. Metamaterials are artificial materials with a great potential for antenna design, and many studies explore applications of metamaterials to antennas but just a few to the design of radomes. This paper discusses the possibilities that metamaterials open up in the design of microwave radomes and introduces the concept of metaradomes. The use of metamaterials can improve or correct characteristics (gain, directivity, and bandwidth) of the enclosed antenna and add new features, like band-pass frequency behavior, polarization transformations, the ability to be switched on/off, and so forth. Examples of applications of metamaterials in the design of microwave radomes available in the literature as well as potential applications, advantages, drawbacks, and still open problems are described.

scholarly journals Streptomyces-Derived Metabolites with Potential Photoprotective Properties—A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis on the Reported Chemodiversity

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (14) ◽  
pp. 3221
Author(s):  
Jeysson Sánchez-Suárez ◽  
Ericsson Coy-Barrera ◽  
Luisa Villamil ◽  
Luis Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
New Agents ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Analysis Phase ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Hostile Environments ◽  
Harmful Effects

Sun overexposure is associated with the development of diseases that primarily affect the skin, which can lead to skin cancer. Among the main measures of photoprotection is the use of sunscreens. However, there is currently concern about the reported harmful effects to both humans and the environment due to several of the sunscreen ingredients available on the market. For this reason, the search for and development of new agents with photoprotective properties is required. In searching for these metabolites, researchers have turned their attention to microbial sources, especially the microbiota in unusual hostile environments. Among the diverse microorganisms available in nature, Actinobacteria and specifically Streptomyces, have been shown to be a source of metabolites with various biological activities of interest, such as antimicrobial, antitumor and immunomodulator activities. Herein, we present the results of a systematic review of the literature in which Streptomyces isolates were studied as a source of compounds with photoprotective properties. A meta-analysis of the structure-property and structure-activity relationships of those metabolites identified in the qualitative analysis phase was also carried out. These findings indicate that Streptomyces are a source of metabolites with potential applications in the development of new, safe and more eco-friendly sunscreens.

scholarly journals Corneal Refractive Procedures for the Treatment of Presbyopia

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kareem Moussa ◽  
Naz Jehangir ◽  
Tova Mannis ◽  
Wai L. Wong ◽  
Majid Moshirfar
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Refractive Surgery ◽  
Exhaustive Search ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
The Past ◽  
Fast Pace ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Comprehensive Search

Purpose: Refractive surgery has been in use for a long time and is evolving at a fast pace with several new corneal procedures being used for the correction of presbyopia. The purpose of this article is to give a comprehensive review of the literature to evaluate the outcome and success of different corneal refractive surgical procedures in presbyopic patients. Methods: We performed a comprehensive search on PubMed to identify published reports of the various procedures utilized in the past and present to correct presbyopia. The outcomes of these procedures were recorded. Results and conclusion: We found that varying rates of success have been reported with these procedures. The results of our exhaustive search are presented in this report for review.

An in situ and ex situ TEM study of the formation of thin cobalt silicide films by molecular beam epitaxy on the silicon (100) surface

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 884-885
Author(s):  
D. Loretto ◽  
J. M. Gibson ◽  
S. M. Yalisove ◽  
R. T. Tung
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Beam Epitaxy ◽  
Molecular Beam ◽  
Defect Density ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Ultra High Vacuum ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Metal Base ◽  
In Situ Experiments ◽  
Potential Applications

The cobalt disilicide/silicon system has potential applications as a metal-base and as a permeable-base transistor. Although thin, low defect density, films of CoSi2 on Si(111) have been successfully grown, there are reasons to believe that Si(100)/CoSi2 may be better suited to the transmission of electrons at the silicon/silicide interface than Si(111)/CoSi2. A TEM study of the formation of CoSi2 on Si(100) is therefore being conducted. We have previously reported TEM observations on Si(111)/CoSi2 grown both in situ, in an ultra high vacuum (UHV) TEM and ex situ, in a conventional Molecular Beam Epitaxy system.The procedures used for the MBE growth have been described elsewhere. In situ experiments were performed in a JEOL 200CX electron microscope, extensively modified to give a vacuum of better than 10-9 T in the specimen region and the capacity to do in situ sample heating and deposition. Cobalt was deposited onto clean Si(100) samples by thermal evaporation from cobalt-coated Ta filaments.

Microstructure of laser-irradiated, conducting Kapton polyimide

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 502-503
Author(s):  
D. L. Callahan ◽  
Z. Ball ◽  
H. M. Phillips ◽  
R. Sauerbrey
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Phase Transition ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Film Surface ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
General Utility ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Considerable Debate ◽  
Potential Applications

Ultraviolet laser-irradiation can be used to induce an insulator-to-conductor phase transition on the surface of Kapton polyimide. Such structures have potential applications as resistors or conductors for VLSI applications as well as general utility electrodes. Although the percolative nature of the phase transformation has been well-established, there has been little definitive work on the mechanism or extent of transformation. In particular, there has been considerable debate about whether or not the transition is primarily photothermal in nature, as we propose, or photochemical. In this study, cross-sectional optical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy are utilized to characterize the nature of microstructural changes associated with the laser-induced pyrolysis of polyimide.Laser-modified polyimide samples initially 12 μm thick were prepared in cross-section by standard ultramicrotomy. Resulting contraction in parallel to the film surface has led to distortions in apparent magnification. The scale bars shown are calibrated for the direction normal to the film surface only.

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