Effects of bovine follicular fluid and LHRH antagonist on the dominant follicle maintained by a norgestomet ear implant in heifers

1994 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 247
Author(s):  
M. Manikkam ◽  
R. Rajamahendran
Keyword(s):  
Follicular Fluid ◽  
Dominant Follicle ◽  
Lhrh Antagonist

Effects of bovine follicular fluid and luteinizing-hormone-releasing hormone antagonist on the dominant follicle maintained by a norgestomet ear implant in heifers

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Manikkam ◽  
R. Rajamahendran ◽  
N. C. Rawlings
Keyword(s):  
Follicular Fluid ◽  
Implant Removal ◽  
Maximum Diameter ◽  
Saline Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dominant Follicle ◽  
Serum Lh ◽  
Lhrh Antagonist ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Estradiol 17Β

The effects of BFF and LHRHa on the dominant follicle, maintained by 9-d synthetic progestin (norgestomet) ear implants inserted at proestrus, were studied in cattle. From day 4 of implant insertion, heifers (n = 18) were injected twice daily with saline (control, n = 6) or charcoal-extracted bovine follicular fluid, 10 mL i.v. for 4 d (BFF, n = 6) or LHRHa, 0.8 mg i.v. for 3 d (LHRHa, n = 6). Follicular changes were monitored daily by ultrasonography. Plasma estradiol-17β, serum LH and FSH were measured by radioimmunoassays. The dominant follicle was maintained during the treatment period, and it ovulated after implant removal in control heifers. In BFF group, the dominant follicle either ovulated after implant removal (two of six heifers) or gradually regressed until day 10 in the post-implant period (other four of six heifers). In the LHRHa group, the dominant follicle regressed during or after the implant period in 5 of 6 heifers. The dominant follicle ovulated in 1 of 6 heifers. Growth rate of the dominant follicle, until it reached its maximum diameter, was lower in BFF group than the control group (0.4 ± 0.1 vs 0.7 ± 0.1 mm d−1; P < 0.01). Both BFF and LHRHa groups showed high regression rates in those follicles that did regress (2.2 ± 0.1 (n = 4) and 1.9 ± 0.8 mm d−1 (n = 5) respectively; P < 0.01), compared with no regression in the control group. The BFF injections failed to suppress serum FSH levels consistently in all the heifers treated. LHRHa-treated heifers showed a significant decline (P < 0.01) in the mean serum LH concentration. In conclusion, deprivation of LH causes atresia of the dominant follicle. Key words: Follicular fluid, LHRH antagonist, follicular dynamics, gonadotropins, estradiol-17β, ultrasound, regression

Magnetic resonance image attributes of the bovine ovarian follicle antrum during development and regression

Reproduction ◽  
2000 ◽  
pp. 311-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
JL Hilton ◽  
GE Sarty ◽  
GP Adams ◽  
RA Pierson
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Relaxation Rate ◽  
Follicular Fluid ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Image ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Proton Density ◽  
Dominant Follicle ◽  
Rate Heterogeneity ◽  
Pixel Value

The magnetic resonance images and maps of bovine ovaries acquired at defined phases of follicular development and regression were studied to determine whether magnetic resonance image attributes of the follicular antrum reflect the physiological status of dominant and subordinate ovarian follicles. Ovariectomies were performed at day 3 of wave one, day 6 of wave one, day 1 of wave two and at >/= day 17 after ovulation. The timings of ovariectomies were selected to acquire growing, early static, late static and regressing follicles of the first wave and preovulatory follicles of the ovulatory wave. Pre-selection and subordinate follicles were also available for analysis. Serum samples were taken on the day of ovariectomy and follicular fluid samples were taken after imaging. Numerical pixel value and pixel heterogeneity in a spot representing approximately 95% of the follicular antrum were quantified in T(1)- and T(2)-weighted images. T(1) and T(2) relaxation rates (T(1) and T(2)), proton density, apparent diffusion coefficients and their heterogeneities were determined from the computed magnetic resonance maps. The antra of early atretic dominant follicles showed higher T(2)-weighted mean pixel value (P < 0.008) and heterogeneity (P < 0. 01) and lower T(2) heterogeneity (P < 0.008) than growing follicles. Subordinate follicles in the presence of a preovulatory dominant follicle had higher T(1), T(1) heterogeneity, proton density, proton density heterogeneity, and lower mean pixel value in T(1)-weighted images than subordinate follicles of the anovulatory wave (P < 0.04). T(1) relaxation rate heterogeneity and proton density heterogeneity were positively correlated with follicular fluid oestradiol concentration (r = 0.4 and 0.3; P < 0.04). T(2) relaxation rate heterogeneity was positively correlated with follicular fluid progesterone concentration (r = 0.4; P < 0.008). Quantitative differences in magnetic resonance image attributes of the antrum observed among phases of follicular development and regression coincided with changes in the ability of the dominant follicle to produce steroid hormones and ovulate, and thus were indicative of physiological status and follicular health.

scholarly journals Selection of the Dominant Follicle and Insulin-Like Growth Factor (IGF)-Binding Proteins: Evidence that Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein A Contributes to Proteolysis of IGF-Binding Protein 5 in Bovine Follicular Fluid

Endocrinology ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 144 (2) ◽  
pp. 437-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Rivera ◽  
J. E. Fortune
Keyword(s):  
Proteolytic Activity ◽  
Plasma Protein ◽  
Follicular Fluid ◽  
Binding Proteins ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Dominant Follicle ◽  
Igf Binding Proteins ◽  
Igf Binding ◽  
Igf Binding Protein

Development of a dominant follicle is associated with decreased intrafollicular low molecular weight IGF-binding proteins (namely IGFBP-2, -4, and -5) and increased proteolysis of IGFBP-4 by pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A). In addition to IGFBP-4 proteolytic activity, bovine follicular fluid contains strong proteolytic activity for IGFBP-5, but not for IGFBP-2. Here we show that the IGFBP-5 protease present in bovine follicular fluid is a neutral/basic pH-favoring, Zn2+ metalloprotease very similar to the previously described IGFBP-4 protease. We hypothesized that immunoneutralization and immunoprecipitation with anti-PAPP-A antibodies would result in abrogation of the IGFBP-4, but not the IGFBP-5, proteolytic activity in follicular fluid. As expected, anti-PAPP-A antibodies were able to neutralize and precipitate the IGFBP-4, but not the IGFBP-5, proteolytic activity of human pregnancy serum, which was used as a positive control for PAPP-A. Surprisingly, immunoneutralization and immunoprecipitation of follicular fluid from bovine preovulatory follicles with anti-PAPP-A antibodies abrogated both IGFBP-4 and IGFBP-5 proteolysis. Quantitative results derived from phosphorimaging revealed a complete inhibition of both IGFBP-4 and -5 proteolysis by follicular fluid incubated for 2 or 5 h in the presence of anti-PAPP-A antibodies. After 18 h of incubation, anti-PAPP-A antibodies still inhibited IGFBP-5 degradation, although with an efficiency lower than that for IGFBP-4 degradation. Both proteolytic activities have identical electrophoretic mobility, and a single band (∼400 kDa) was detected by Western immunoblotting of bovine follicular fluid with anti-PAPP-A antibodies. Proteolysis of IGFBP-5 was readily detectable in follicular fluid from dominant follicles and was negligible in subordinate follicles from the same cohort. These results suggest that an active intrafollicular IGFBP-4/-5 proteolytic system, in which PAPP-A is the major protease involved, is an important determinant of follicular fate.

Peripheral and ovarian IGF-I concentrations during the ovine oestrous cycle

1996 ◽  
Vol 148 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
B R Leeuwenberg ◽  
N L Hudson ◽  
L G Moore ◽  
P R Hurst ◽  
K P McNatty
Keyword(s):  
Follicular Fluid ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Dominant Follicle ◽  
Peripheral Plasma ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Tritiated Amino Acids

Abstract IGF-I was measured by RIA in plasma samples collected 8-hourly for 24 days which included two consecutive preovulatory surges of LH. In a separate study, ovarian venous blood was collected from animals undergoing ovariectomy on day 10 of the oestrous cycle, or 36 h later after being treated with prostaglandin with or without steroid-free bovine follicular fluid. Jugular venous blood samples were collected before, during and after surgery. Follicles were dissected from ovaries of these animals and sorted into categories of small, intermediate and large, non-atretic or atretic, and the follicular fluid was pooled and assayed for IGF-I. From another population of ovaries recovered from the slaughterhouse, granulosa, theca and corpora lutea were isolated, homogenized and assayed for IGF-I. Finally ovarian corpora lutea and granulosa cells were each incubated with tritiated amino acids overnight at 37 °C. Thereafter the tissues and media were sonicated, IGF-I extracted from the supernatant and tritiated IGF-I precipitated using a specific IGF-I antibody. The absence of any significant change in peripheral IGF-I concentrations following ovariectomy and the finding that the ovarian venous IGF-I concentrations (161 ± 10 μg/l) were not significantly different from levels seen in peripheral blood (157 ± 10 μg/l) indicated that the ovary is not a net exporter of IGF-I. However, the ovary does synthesize IGF-I, as evidenced by granulosa and luteal synthesis, but probably not in quantities in excess of that utilized by ovarian tissues per se. Although the plasma IGF-I levels increased around the second preovulatory LH surge, the results overall indicated that the IGF-I concentrations in plasma are not strictly related to any major ovarian event during the oestrous cycle in the sheep. This view is based on the findings that the concentration of IGF-I in follicular fluid was not related to follicular health but correlated with those in peripheral plasma and that the ovarian venous concentrations did not vary between left and right ovaries irrespective of whether the ovaries contained a corpus luteum, dominant follicle or neither. Collectively, these results are consistent with the notion that IGF-I of ovarian origin fulfils an autocrine/paracrine function and does not have an endocrine role. Moreover, the results show that the concentrations of IGF-I in follicular fluid reflect those in peripheral plasma. Journal of Endocrinology (1996) 148, 281–289

Biochemical changes in the follicular fluid of the dominant follicle of high producing dairy cows exposed to heat stress early post-partum

2010 ◽  
Vol 117 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 189-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A.M.M. Shehab-El-Deen ◽  
J.L.M.R. Leroy ◽  
M.S. Fadel ◽  
S.Y.A. Saleh ◽  
D. Maes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Follicular Fluid ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Biochemical Changes ◽  
Dominant Follicle

Plasma and follicular fluid concentrations of LHRH antagonist cetrorelix (Cetrotide®) in controlled ovarian stimulation for IVF

2002 ◽  
Vol 266 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ludwig ◽  
C. Albano ◽  
F. Olivennes ◽  
R. E. Felberbaum ◽  
J. Smitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Follicular Fluid ◽  
Ovarian Stimulation ◽  
Controlled Ovarian Stimulation ◽  
Lhrh Antagonist

The role of pregnenolone-metabolizing enzymes in the regulation of oestradiol biosynthesis during development of the first wave dominant follicle in the cow

1996 ◽  
Vol 149 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
P D Carrière ◽  
D Harvey ◽  
G M Cooke
Keyword(s):  
Follicular Fluid ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase ◽  
Cytochrome P450 Enzyme ◽  
Dominant Follicle ◽  
Follicle Growth ◽  
Metabolizing Enzymes ◽  
P450 Enzyme ◽  
Rate Limiting

Abstract During the luteal phase in the cow, a first-wave dominant follicle grows to reach ovulatory size, but then ceases to grow, becomes no longer dominant and enters a phase of slow regression. During this growth transition, the concentration of oestradiol has been shown to decrease in follicular fluid. The objective of this study was to determine if follicular fluid oestradiol concentrations are regulated by the activity of three major steroidogenic enzymes, namely P450-aromatase (P450-arom), 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/Δ5–Δ4 isomerase (3β-HSD) and 17α-hydroxylase C-17,20 lyase cytochrome P450 enzyme (P450–17α) measured in granulosa and theca cells isolated from individual first-wave dominant follicles. Follicle growth and state of dominance was assessed by ultrasonography and follicles were classified as growing-dominant (GD, n=6), non-growing-dominant (NGD, n=8) or non-growing-non-dominant (NGND, n=6). Mean follicular fluid concentrations of oestradiol were higher in GD than in NGD or NGND follicles (511 ± 98 versus 136 ± 16 and 20 ± 11 nmol/l respectively). Oestradiol was not correlated with P450-arom in any of the three groups. In GD follicles, oestradiol was positively correlated with pregnenolone concentration but neither was correlated with granulosa or theca 3β-HSD activity or with theca P450–17α activity. In NGD follicles, oestradiol was negatively correlated with theca 3β-HSD activity and pregnenolone was negatively correlated with granulosa 3β-HSD activity. In NGND follicles, oestradiol was positively correlated, and pregnenolone was negatively correlated with theca 3β-HSD and P450–17α activities. These studies demonstrated that pregnenolone supply is the principal regulating factor of oestradiol output during follicle dominance and during the loss of dominance but that the levels of P450–17α and 3β-HSD activity become rate-limiting when the follicle is no longer dominant. Journal of Endocrinology (1996) 149, 233–242

105 Proteome profiling of equine follicular fluid before, during, and after selection of the dominant follicle

2022 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 289
Author(s):  
J. Feugang ◽  
G. Ishak ◽  
T. Pechan ◽  
O. Pechanova ◽  
M. Gastal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Follicular Fluid ◽  
Dominant Follicle ◽  
Proteome Profiling ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals Analysis of the variations of follicular fluid composition during follicular growth and maturation in the mare using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR)

Reproduction ◽  
2002 ◽  
pp. 241-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Gerard ◽  
S Loiseau ◽  
G Duchamp ◽  
F Seguin
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Follicular Fluid ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Follicular Growth ◽  
Dominant Follicle ◽  
Follicular Maturation ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Sugar Chains ◽  
Glucose Metabolites

Follicular development and ovulatory processes in mammals involve local biochemical changes as a result of substantial modifications in cellular metabolism, the most well known of which is steroid variation. In the present study, the intrafollicular variation of several other components was studied using proton nuclear magnetic resonance ((1)H NMR). This approach made it possible to demonstrate that the intrafollicular biochemical content changes during follicular growth and maturation. Follicular fluid was aspirated by ovarian puncture of the dominant follicle at various physiological stages of its development: early dominant, late dominant and preovulatory. Serum samples were collected during each puncture session. (1)H NMR was used to evaluate intrafollicular and circulating glycoconjugates (sugar chains and N-acetyl groups), lipoproteins (CH(3) and CH(2) groups), glucose metabolites (trimethylamines, acetate and lactate), amino acids (glutamine/glutamate and alanine), creatine/creatinine and polyamines. Follicular fluids were assayed by radioimmunoassay for oestradiol and progesterone contents. The intrafollicular contents of alanine and lipoproteins (CH(3) groups) decreased in the dominant follicle during growth, whereas concentrations of progesterone and oestradiol increased significantly. After injection of gonadotrophin to induce ovulation, follicular maturation was characterized by a decrease in glycoconjugates (sugar chains), trimethylamines and acetate, a decrease in oestradiol concentration, and a further increase in CH(3) groups of lipoproteins and progesterone. The results from the present study showed a clear correlation between the intrafollicular content of alanine and that of oestradiol. A correlation between progesterone and glycoconjugates (sugar chains) was also observed. Therefore, (1)H NMR was shown to be effective for studying specific changes in the biochemical composition of the follicular fluid that occur during follicular development. For the first time, the variation of several compounds (glycoconjugates, lipoproteins, glucose metabolites, amino acids and polyamines) in relation to growth and maturation was demonstrated. Some of these changes could be of crucial importance for follicular maturation and ovulation as well as for oocyte maturation and further fertilization.

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