Randomised trial of effect of vitamin A supplementation on antibody response to measles vaccine in Guinea-Bissau, west Africa

The Lancet ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 350 (9071) ◽  
pp. 101-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Stabell Benn ◽  
Peter Aaby ◽  
Carlitos Balé ◽  
Jørn Olsen ◽  
Kim Fleischer Michaelsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Randomised Trial ◽  
Measles Vaccine ◽  
Vitamin A Supplementation ◽  
Guinea Bissau

scholarly journals The impact of different doses of vitamin A supplementation on male and female mortality. A randomised trial from Guinea-Bissau

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorthe Yakymenko ◽  
Christine S Benn ◽  
Cesario Martins ◽  
Birgitte R Diness ◽  
Ane B Fisker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Randomised Trial ◽  
Female Mortality ◽  
Vitamin A Supplementation ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Guinea Bissau ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Doses

scholarly journals The effect of at-birth vitamin A supplementation on differential leucocyte counts and in vitro cytokine production: an immunological study nested within a randomised trial in Guinea-Bissau

2012 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 467-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathias J. Jørgensen ◽  
Ane B. Fisker ◽  
Erliyani Sartono ◽  
Andreas Andersen ◽  
Christian Erikstrup ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Differential Effect ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Randomised Trial ◽  
Relative Risk Ratio ◽  
Immunological Study ◽  
Vitamin A Supplementation ◽  
Guinea Bissau ◽  
Tnf Α

Vitamin A supplementation (VAS) at birth was not associated with improved survival in a randomised, placebo-controlled trial in Guinea-Bissau. However, a negative sex-differential effect, which became evident after diphtheria–tetanus–pertussis (DTP) vaccination, was noted; among girls who had received DTP, VAS at birth was associated with two-fold higher mortality than placebo. The objective of the present study was to investigate the immunological effects of VAS at birth within a subgroup of participants in the randomised trial. Guided by the mortality results, we further explored whether VAS had a differential effect according to sex and DTP status. At 6 weeks after randomisation and supplementation, we measured differential leucocyte counts and TNF-α, interferon-γ, IL-10, IL-13 and IL-5 production in a whole-blood culture assay. A total of 471 children were included. VAS compared with placebo at birth was associated with a higher proportion of monocytes (relative risk ratio 1·26, 95 % CI 1·07, 1·49, P= 0·04), while spontaneous TNF-α production was lower in the VAS group (geometric mean ratio 0·54, 95 % CI, 0·37, 0·78, P= 0·001). Stratified analysis showed that VAS was associated with lower TNF-α and IL-10 production for girls without DTP and boys with DTP, resulting in significant three-way interactions between VAS, sex and DTP vaccination status (P= 0·03 and P= 0·04, respectively) for spontaneous TNF-α and IL-10 production. The results substantiate the potential role of VAS as an immunomodulatory intervention, which has different effects depending on concomitant health interventions and the sex of the recipient.

scholarly journals The effects of maternal and infant vitamin A supplementation on vitamin A status: a randomised trial in Kenya

2007 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 422-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Ayah ◽  
D. L. Mwaniki ◽  
P. Magnussen ◽  
A. E. Tedstone ◽  
T. Marshall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Randomised Trial ◽  
Maternal Serum ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Serum Retinol ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Vitamin A Supplementation ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Vitamin A Status

Postpartum vitamin A supplementation of mothers and infants is recommended, but the efficacy has been questioned. In this double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, Kenyan mother–infant pairs were randomised to maternal vitamin A (400 000 IU) or placebo < 24 h postpartum, and infant vitamin A (100 000 IU) or placebo at 14 weeks. Milk retinol was determined at weeks 4, 14 and 26, and maternal and infant serum retinol at weeks 14 and 26. Infant retinol stores were assessed at week 26, using a modified relative dose response (MRDR) test. Among 564 women, serum retinol at 36 weeks gestation was 0·81 (sd 0·21) μmol/l, and 33·3 % were < 0·7 μmol/l. Maternal serum retinol was not different between groups, but milk retinol was higher in the vitamin A group: (0·67 v. 0·60 μmol/l; 0·52 v. 0·44 μmol/l; 0·50 v. 0·44 μmol/l at 4, 14 and 26 weeks, respectively). When expressed per gram fat, milk retinol was higher in the vitamin A group only at 4 weeks. Infant serum retinol was not different between groups. However, although most infants had deficient vitamin A stores (MRDR>0·06 %) at 26 weeks, vitamin A to infants, but not mothers, resulted in a lower proportion of infants with deficient vitamin A stores (69 v. 78 %). High-dose postpartum vitamin A supplementation failed to increase serum retinol and infant stores, despite modest effects on milk retinol. Infant supplementation, however, increased stores. There is a need for a better understanding of factors affecting absorption and metabolism of vitamin A.

Effect of vitamin A supplementation on morbidity due to Plasmodium falciparum in young children in Papua New Guinea: a randomised trial

The Lancet ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 354 (9174) ◽  
pp. 203-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anuraj H Shankar ◽  
Blaise Genton ◽  
Richard D Semba ◽  
Moses Baisor ◽  
Joseph Paino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Randomised Trial ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Vitamin A Supplementation

Vitamin A supplementation during war-emergency in Guinea-Bissau 1998–1999

Acta Tropica ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Nielsen ◽  
Christine S Benn ◽  
Carlitos Balé ◽  
Cesario Martins ◽  
Peter Aaby
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vitamin A Supplementation ◽  
Guinea Bissau

scholarly journals Measles Immunization and Vitamin A for Prevention of Pneumonia in Indonesia

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ratno Widoyo
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Child Death ◽  
Immunization Coverage ◽  
Measles Vaccine ◽  
Preventive Action ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Vitamin A Supplementation

Pneumonia is the major cause of child death in Indonesia after diarrhea. Increasing coverage of measles, pertusis, Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spn) and Haemophilus influenzae b (Hib) immunization substantially cancontrol pneumonia. Spn and Hib vaccines have not been included in category of mandatory immunization in Indonesia. Measles vaccine has more direct effect on prevention of pneumonia than pertusis vaccine. Providing immunization followed by providing vitamin A will increase the specific antibody titer among children. This study aimed to determine effects of measles vaccine and vitamin A to pneumonia incidence among toddlers. Method of study was cross sectional using 13,062 data of children drawn from 2012 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey. Data were analyzed using poisson regression test. Analysis results showed that prevalence of pneumonia among Indonesian children was 5.4%, measles immunization coverage was 82.57%, and vitamin A supplementation coverage was 74.9%. Furthermore, providing measles immunization and vitamin A could prevent pneumonia incidence among toddlers (12 – 59 months old) up to 26.5%. Providing measles immunization then followed by providing vitamin A can be used as a preventive action in attempt to decrease pneumonia incidence.AbstrakPneumonia merupakan penyebab kematian tertinggi pada anak di Indonesia setelah diare. Pengendalian pneumonia dapat dilakukan dengan peningkatan cakupan imunisasi campak, pertusis, Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spn), dan Haemophilus influenzae b (Hib). Vaksin Spn dan Hib belum masuk ke dalam kategori imunisasi wajib di Indonesia. Vaksin campak lebih memiliki pengaruh langsung terhadap pneumonia dibandingkan dengan vaksin pertusis. Pemberian imunisasi yang disertai pemberian vitamin A akan meningkatkan titer antibodi pada anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian imunisasi campak dan vitamin A terhadap kejadian pneumonia. Metode penelitian adalah potong lintang dengan menggunakan 13.062 data anak yang terdapat pada data Survei Demografi dan Kesehatan Indonesia tahun 2012. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji regresi poisson. Hasil analisis menunjukkan prevalensi pneumonia pada anak di Indonesia adalah 5.4%, cakupan imunisasi campak sebesar 82.6%, dan cakupan pemberian vitamin A sebesar 74.9%. Pemberian imunisasi campak disertai dengan pemberian vitamin A dapat mencegah terjadinya kejadian pneumonia pada anak usia 12 – 59 bulan sebesar 26,5%. Pemberian imunisasi campak yang disertai dengan pemberian vitamin A dapat digunakan sebagai tindakan pencegahan dalam upaya penurunan kejadian pneumonia.

No strong long-term effect of vitamin A supplementation in infancy on CD4 and CD8 T-cell subsets. A community study from Guinea-Bissau, West Africa

2000 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 259-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Stabell Benn ◽  
Ida Maria Lisse ◽  
Carlitos Bale ◽  
Kim Fleischer Michaelsen ◽  
Jørn Olsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Cd8 T Cell ◽  
Term Effect ◽  
T Cell Subsets ◽  
Community Study ◽  
Vitamin A Supplementation ◽  
Long Term Effect
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