Changes in food intake and meal patterns following injection of d-mannoheptulose in rats

1983 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Langhans ◽  
Erwin Scharrer
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Meal Patterns

The effects of chronic nicotine on meal patterns, food intake, metabolism and body weight of male rats

2010 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.L. Bellinger ◽  
P.J. Wellman ◽  
R.B.S. Harris ◽  
E.W. Kelso ◽  
P.R. Kramer
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Meal Patterns ◽  
Chronic Nicotine

Effect of adrenalectomy and corticosterone replacement on meal patterns of Zucker rats

1985 ◽  
Vol 249 (5) ◽  
pp. R584-R594 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Freedman ◽  
T. W. Castonguay ◽  
J. S. Stern
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Zucker Rats ◽  
Meal Frequency ◽  
Light Cycle ◽  
Dark Cycle ◽  
Meal Patterns ◽  
Total Food Intake ◽  
Total Food

Male obese and lean Zucker rats were adrenalectomized (ADX) or sham-operated at 10 wk of age. Approximately 16 wk later, patterns of food intake were monitored by computer-interfaced top loading balances. Data were collected from ADX rats before, during, and after access to a corticosterone-supplemented saline solution (20 micrograms/ml). Although total food intake during the precorticosterone treatment period was not different between ADX and sham controls, ADX resulted in attenuation of light cycle food intake, primarily via decreased meal frequency. With steroid replacement, light cycle meal frequency and food intake increased. Despite comparable self-administered dose (20.33 +/- 0.89 vs. 17.05 +/- 1.2 mg corticosterone/period, obese vs. lean), obese ADX rats were more responsive to steroid than were lean ADX rats. This increased responsiveness was reflected by a 30% increase in food intake and 60% increase in body weight gain of obese ADX rats during replacement. Lean ADX rats exhibited no change in total food intake or weight gain with replacement. Further, during corticosterone treatment, obese ADX rats increased meal frequency, total food intake, and consumption of large meals (greater than or equal to 4 g) during the dark cycle. Significant postprandial correlations were found only in obese ADX rats, both with and without replacement during the dark cycle. These results suggest adrenal glucocorticoids have a minimal effect on food intake and meal patterns in lean Zucker rats but significantly alter intake and meal patterns in obese rats.

Diurnal food intake patterns of broiler chickens offered a choice of feed varying in protein content

1992 ◽  
Vol 1992 ◽  
pp. 85-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Shariatmadari ◽  
J.M. Forbes
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
The Other ◽  
Meal Patterns ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Regulate Protein ◽  
Intake Regulation ◽  
Food Intake Patterns

The ability of broiler chickens to regulate protein intake when given a choice of high- and low-protein feeds has been demonstrated (Shariatmadari and Forbes, 1990). However, it is not know whether birds take several meals from one feed and then several from the other, or whether both feeds are taken in mixed meals. Therefore, to determine how protein intake regulation operates on a meal-to-meal basis, the meal patterns of broiler chickens were automatically recorded when they were offered two feeds of different protein content.

The Meal Patterns of the Oestrous Cycle and Their Motivational Significance

1974 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 489-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. F. Drewett
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Ovarian Hormones ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Sexual Receptivity ◽  
Reduce Food Intake ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Meal Patterns ◽  
Nutritional Deprivation ◽  
The Way

Food intake was monitored continuously throughout the oestrous cycle of the rat by operant methods. On the night of oestrus the size of meals eaten was reduced and the average intermeal interval was shorter; and even after meals of the same size, oestrous animals returned to eat again more quickly than dioestrous animals. These results suggest that the way in which ovarian oestrogens reduce food intake is by intensifying processes responsible for the short-term satiation of hunger without affecting the motivational processes responsible for its arousal. Signs of motivational arousal at oestrus could thus be the result of a self-imposed nutritional deprivation, rather than a direct effect of ovarian hormones on sexual receptivity.

scholarly journals Meal patterns and hypothalamic NPY expression during chronic social stress and recovery

2010 ◽  
Vol 299 (3) ◽  
pp. R813-R822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan J. Melhorn ◽  
Eric G. Krause ◽  
Karen A. Scott ◽  
Marie R. Mooney ◽  
Jeffrey D. Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Social Stress ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Ingestive Behavior ◽  
Meal Size ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Dominant Male ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Meal Patterns ◽  
Chronic Social Stress

In the present study, we examined meal patterns during and after exposure to the visible burrow system (VBS), a rodent model of chronic social stress, to determine how the microstructure of food intake relates to the metabolic consequences of social subordination. Male Long-Evans rats were housed in mixed-sex VBS colonies (4 male, 2 female) for 2 wk, during which time a dominance hierarchy formed [1 dominant male (DOM) and 3 subordinate males (SUB)], and then male rats were individually housed for a 3-wk recovery period. Controls were individually housed with females during the 2-wk VBS period and had no changes in ingestive behavior compared with a habituation period. During the hierarchy-formation phase of VBS housing, DOM and SUB had a reduced meal frequency, whereas SUB also had a reduced meal size. However, during the hierarchy-maintenance phase of VBS housing, DOM meal patterns did not differ from controls, whereas SUB continued to display a reduced food intake via less frequent meals. During recovery, DOM had comparable meal patterns to controls, whereas SUB had an increased meal size. Hypothalamic neuropeptide Y (NPY) mRNA levels were not different between these groups during the experimental period. Together, the results suggest that exposure to chronic social stress alters ingestive behavior both acutely and in the long term, which may influence the metabolic changes that accompany bouts of stress and recovery; however, these differences in meal patterns do not appear to be mediated by hypothalamic NPY.

scholarly journals Salmon calcitonin reduces food intake through changes in meal sizes in male rhesus monkeys

2008 ◽  
Vol 295 (1) ◽  
pp. R76-R81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas T. Bello ◽  
Matthew H. Kemm ◽  
Timothy H. Moran
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Salmon Calcitonin ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Nonhuman Primates ◽  
Dose Range ◽  
Meal Size ◽  
Meal Patterns ◽  
Daily Food Intake ◽  
Daily Food ◽  
Male Rhesus

Amylinergic mechanisms are believed to be involved in the control of appetite. This study examined the effects of the amylin agonist, salmon calcitonin, on food intake and meal patterns in adult male rhesus monkeys. Fifteen minutes before the onset of their 6-h daily feeding period, monkeys received intramuscular injections of various doses of salmon calcitonin (0.032, 0.056, 0.1, 0.32, and 1 μg/kg) or saline. Salmon calcitonin dose dependently reduced total daily and hourly food intake, with significant decreases at the 0.1, 0.32, and 1 μg/kg doses. Daily food intake was reduced by ∼35%, 62%, and 96%, at these doses, respectively. An analysis of meal patterns revealed that size of the first meal was significantly reduced across the dose range of 0.056 to 1 μg/kg, while average meal size was reduced with the 0.32 and 1 μg/kg doses. Meal number was only affected at the 1 μg/kg dose. Repeated 5-day administration of the 0.1 μg/kg dose resulted in a reduction in daily food intake only on injection day 2, while significant reductions in food intake were observed on all five injection days with a 0.32 μg/kg dose. Daily food intake was also reduced for 1 day after the termination of the 5-day injections of the 0.32 μg/kg salmon calcitonin dose. These sustained reductions in intake were expressed through decreases in meal size. These data demonstrate that salmon calcitonin acutely and consistently decreases food intake mainly through reductions in meal sizes in nonhuman primates.

Food intake and meal patterns of mice under various schedules of food reinforcement.

Appetite ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 324
Author(s):  
N.E. Rowland ◽  
M.A. Chaney ◽  
C.H. Vaughan
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Food Reinforcement ◽  
Meal Patterns

The effects of caloric dilution on meal patterns and food intake of ponies

1985 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 549-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
J LAUT ◽  
K HOUPT ◽  
H HINTZ ◽  
T HOUPT
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Meal Patterns

Possible entrainment of ghrelin to habitual meal patterns in humans

2008 ◽  
Vol 294 (3) ◽  
pp. G699-G707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie M. Frecka ◽  
Richard D. Mattes
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Test Session ◽  
Obese Adults ◽  
Meal Patterns ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Subsequent Test ◽  
Eating Occasions ◽  
Lunch Time

Ghrelin is reportedly a meal-initiation signal based on observations that concentrations increase before meals coincident with rising hunger. However, evidence that ghrelin peaks vary with feeding schedules suggests that it rises in anticipation of an expected meal, rather than eliciting feeding. To explore the entrainment of ghrelin profiles, this study investigated the association between varying habitual meal patterns and plasma ghrelin concentrations. Lean and obese adults following either a short intermeal interval (SII) pattern, with 2.5–3.5 h between their habitual breakfast and lunch times, or a long intermeal interval (LII) pattern, with 5.5–6.5 h between these eating occasions, participated. Food intake and appetite were recorded for 2 baseline days. On the subsequent test day, blood samples were collected over 8 h while participants ate a breakfast and lunch matched to their customary meals and pattern. Appetite ratings were obtained and ghrelin, insulin, glucose, and leptin concentrations were measured. Peak ghrelin concentrations differed significantly by group and occurred prior to each group's respective lunch time. Ghrelin concentrations directly correlated with subjective hunger. This association was stronger when hunger preceded ghrelin, a pattern inconsistent with ghrelin causing the hunger rise. Ghrelin concentrations were inversely correlated with insulin, and peak insulin concentrations preceded nadir ghrelin concentrations postprandially. Ghrelin concentrations periprandially, and over the entire test session, did not differ by meal group, likely because of similar intakes between groups. These data demonstrate that the timing of ghrelin peaks is related to habitual meal patterns and may rise in anticipation of eating rather than eliciting feeding.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document