Effect of adrenalectomy and corticosterone replacement on meal patterns of Zucker rats

1985 ◽  
Vol 249 (5) ◽  
pp. R584-R594 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Freedman ◽  
T. W. Castonguay ◽  
J. S. Stern
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Zucker Rats ◽  
Meal Frequency ◽  
Light Cycle ◽  
Dark Cycle ◽  
Meal Patterns ◽  
Total Food Intake ◽  
Total Food

Male obese and lean Zucker rats were adrenalectomized (ADX) or sham-operated at 10 wk of age. Approximately 16 wk later, patterns of food intake were monitored by computer-interfaced top loading balances. Data were collected from ADX rats before, during, and after access to a corticosterone-supplemented saline solution (20 micrograms/ml). Although total food intake during the precorticosterone treatment period was not different between ADX and sham controls, ADX resulted in attenuation of light cycle food intake, primarily via decreased meal frequency. With steroid replacement, light cycle meal frequency and food intake increased. Despite comparable self-administered dose (20.33 +/- 0.89 vs. 17.05 +/- 1.2 mg corticosterone/period, obese vs. lean), obese ADX rats were more responsive to steroid than were lean ADX rats. This increased responsiveness was reflected by a 30% increase in food intake and 60% increase in body weight gain of obese ADX rats during replacement. Lean ADX rats exhibited no change in total food intake or weight gain with replacement. Further, during corticosterone treatment, obese ADX rats increased meal frequency, total food intake, and consumption of large meals (greater than or equal to 4 g) during the dark cycle. Significant postprandial correlations were found only in obese ADX rats, both with and without replacement during the dark cycle. These results suggest adrenal glucocorticoids have a minimal effect on food intake and meal patterns in lean Zucker rats but significantly alter intake and meal patterns in obese rats.

987 des-acyl Ghrelin Suppresses Food Intake and Body Weight Gain in Adult Obese Zucker Rats

2008 ◽  
Vol 134 (4) ◽  
pp. A-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Stengel ◽  
Anna-Sophia Wisser ◽  
Peter Kobelt ◽  
Miriam Goebel ◽  
Bertram Wiedenmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Zucker Rats ◽  
Obese Zucker Rats ◽  
Acyl Ghrelin

scholarly journals Ghrelin Receptor Regulates Appetite and Satiety during Aging in Mice by Regulating Meal Frequency and Portion Size but Not Total Food Intake

2014 ◽  
Vol 144 (9) ◽  
pp. 1349-1355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ligen Lin ◽  
Alli M. Nuotio-Antar ◽  
Xiaojun Ma ◽  
Feng Liu ◽  
Marta L. Fiorotto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Portion Size ◽  
Meal Frequency ◽  
Ghrelin Receptor ◽  
Total Food Intake ◽  
Total Food

Subdiaphragmatic vagal deafferentation affects body weight gain and glucose metabolism in obese male Zucker (fa/fa) rats

2005 ◽  
Vol 289 (4) ◽  
pp. R1027-R1034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bettina Ferrari ◽  
Myrtha Arnold ◽  
Richard D. Carr ◽  
Wolfgang Langhans ◽  
Giovanni Pacini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Zucker Rats ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity Index ◽  
Obese Rats

We investigated the effect of subdiaphragmatic vagal deafferentation (SDA) on food intake, body weight gain, and metabolism in obese ( fa/ fa) and lean ( Fa/?) Zucker rats. Before and after recovery from surgery, food intake and body weight gain were recorded, and plasma glucose and insulin were measured in tail-prick blood samples. After implantation of a jugular vein catheter, an intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) was performed, followed by minimal modeling to estimate the insulin sensitivity index. Food intake relative to metabolic body weight (g/kg0.75) and daily body weight gain after surgery were lower ( P < 0.05) in SDA than in sham obese but not lean rats. Before surgery, plasma glucose and insulin concentrations were lower ( P < 0.05) in lean than in obese rats but did not differ between surgical groups within both genotypes. Four weeks after surgery, plasma glucose and insulin were still similar in SDA and sham lean rats but lower ( P < 0.05) in SDA than in sham obese rats. IVGTT revealed a downward shift of the plasma insulin profile by SDA in obese but not lean rats, whereas the plasma glucose profile was unaffected. SDA decreased ( P < 0.05) area under the curve for insulin but not glucose in obese rats. The insulin sensitivity index was higher in lean than in obese rats but was not affected by SDA in both genotypes. These results suggest that elimination of vagal afferent signals from the upper gut reduces food intake and body weight gain without affecting the insulin sensitivity index measured by minimal modeling in obese Zucker rats.

The effect of a methane-suppressing compound, trichloroethyl adipate, on rumen fermentation and the growth of sheep

1977 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Clapperton
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Total Food Intake ◽  
Total Food ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Lamb Growth

SUMMARY1. Three experiments have been carried out to study the effect of adding trichloroethyl adipate, a compound known to prevent the production of methane bothin vitroandin vivo, to the diet of sheep on fermentation in the rumen and on the growth of lambs. In Experiment 1 the additive was incorporated at various levels for 6 weeks, in Experiment 2 it was given at one of four levels for 12 weeks and in Experiment 3 it was included in the food of growing lambs for 15 weeks.2. Initially, in Experiments 1 and 2, the additive caused a large reduction in methane production and in the molar proportion of acetic acid in the rumen liquor with a corresponding increase in propionic acid. These effects were much reduced after the first 2 to 3 weeks of administration.3. The total food intake of the animals receiving the additive in Experiment 3 was 4% less than that of the control animals. This difference was negligible at the start of the experiment but increased throughout the feeding period.4. On average, the relative live-weight gain and the changes in the weights of carcass, viscera and empty body weight of the animals receiving the additive were also 4% less than those of the control animals.5. The observed differences in weight gain resulted from the differences in food intake and the additive had no beneficial effect upon lamb growth. This lack of effect on growth was due to rapid adaptation by the rumen fermentation to the presence of the additive.

Impact of acute corticosterone administration on feeding and macronutrient self-selection patterns

1988 ◽  
Vol 254 (2) ◽  
pp. R222-R228 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. Kumar ◽  
S. F. Leibowitz
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Metabolic Regulation ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Light Period ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Dark Cycle ◽  
Critical Signal ◽  
Carbohydrate Ingestion ◽  
Total Food Intake ◽  
Total Food

Food intake, body weight, and meal patterns in rats are known to be specifically influenced by circulating corticosterone (CORT). The present study examined, in Sprague-Dawley rats, the role of CORT in the regulation of caloric intake and choice of macronutrients during specific periods of the light-dark cycle. Adrenalectomy (ADX) significantly attenuated the ingestion of all three macronutrients, namely, protein, carbohydrate, and fat, in different test periods of the light-dark cycle. This deficit was significantly stronger just before or during the early dark hours, compared with the light period, and it was immediately CORT reversible. During this same early dark period, the stimulatory effect of CORT (0.5 or 2.0 mg/kg sc) on total food intake in ADX animals was also significantly stronger than during the light period. At this time, the CORT-injected ADX animals consumed an even greater amount of total food intake than did the vehicle-injected sham-operated animals and showed a significant preference for carbohydrate, as opposed to no change or a decline in preference for protein or fat. These findings, in light of other evidence, suggest that CORT ensures and stabilizes the ingestion of all three macronutrients but, in particular, stimulates carbohydrate ingestion during the important feeding period at the dark onset when CORT levels normally peak. It is proposed that CORT may provide a critical signal, in conjunction with hypothalamic neurotransmitter systems, in the behavioral and metabolic regulation of body energy balance.

scholarly journals Neonatal nutritional programming impairs adiponectin effects on energy homeostasis in adult life of male rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 315 (1) ◽  
pp. E29-E37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Peduti Halah ◽  
Paula Beatriz Marangon ◽  
Jose Antunes-Rodrigues ◽  
Lucila L. K. Elias
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Nutritional Programming

Neonatal nutritional changes induce long-lasting effects on energy homeostasis. Adiponectin influences food intake and body weight. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of neonatal nutritional programming on the central stimulation of adiponectin. Male Wistar rats were divided on postnatal (PN) day 3 in litters of 3 (small litter, SL), 10 (normal litter, NL), or 16 pups/dam (large litter, LL). We assessed body weight gain for 60 days, adiponectin concentration, and white adipose tissue weight. We examined the response of SL, NL, and LL rats on body weight gain, food intake, oxygen consumption (V̇o2), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), calorimetry, locomotor activity, phosphorylated-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) expression in the hypothalamus, and uncoupling protein (UCP)-1 in the brown adipose tissue after central stimulus with adiponectin. After weaning, SL rats maintained higher body weight gain despite similar food intake compared with NL rats. LL rats showed lower body weight at weaning, with a catch up afterward and higher food intake. Both LL and SL groups had decreased plasma concentrations of adiponectin at PN60. SL rats had increased white adipose tissue. Central injection of adiponectin decreased body weight and food intake and increased V̇o2, RER, calorimetry, p-AMPK and UCP- 1 expression in NL rats, but it had no effect on SL and LL rats, compared with the respective vehicle groups. In conclusion, neonatal under- and overfeeding induced an increase in body weight gain in juvenile and early adult life. Unresponsiveness to central effects of adiponectin contributes to the imbalance of the energy homeostasis in adult life induced by neonatal nutritional programming.

scholarly journals The Gut Microbiome Derived From Anorexia Nervosa Patients Impairs Weight Gain and Behavioral Performance in Female Mice

Endocrinology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 160 (10) ◽  
pp. 2441-2452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomokazu Hata ◽  
Noriyuki Miyata ◽  
Shu Takakura ◽  
Kazufumi Yoshihara ◽  
Yasunari Asano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Brain Stem ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Compulsive Behavior ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Poor Weight Gain

Abstract Anorexia nervosa (AN) results in gut dysbiosis, but whether the dysbiosis contributes to AN-specific pathologies such as poor weight gain and neuropsychiatric abnormalities remains unclear. To address this, germ-free mice were reconstituted with the microbiota of four patients with restricting-type AN (gAN mice) and four healthy control individuals (gHC mice). The effects of gut microbes on weight gain and behavioral characteristics were examined. Fecal microbial profiles in recipient gnotobiotic mice were clustered with those of the human donors. Compared with gHC mice, gAN mice showed a decrease in body weight gain, concomitant with reduced food intake. Food efficiency ratio (body weight gain/food intake) was also significantly lower in gAN mice than in gHC mice, suggesting that decreased appetite as well as the capacity to convert ingested food to unit of body substance may contribute to poor weight gain. Both anxiety-related behavior measured by open-field tests and compulsive behavior measured by a marble-burying test were increased only in gAN mice but not in gHC mice. Serotonin levels in the brain stem of gAN mice were lower than those in the brain stem of gHC mice. Moreover, the genus Bacteroides showed the highest correlation with the number of buried marbles among all genera identified. Administration of Bacteroides vulgatus reversed compulsive behavior but failed to exert any substantial effect on body weight. Collectively, these results indicate that AN-specific dysbiosis may contribute to both poor weight gain and mental disorders in patients with AN.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document