Effects of Atmospheric CO2 Enrichment on Net Photosynthesis and Dark Respiration Rates of Three Australian Tree Species

1993 ◽  
Vol 141 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherwood B. Idso ◽  
Bruce A. Kimball
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Dark Respiration ◽  
Co2 Enrichment ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Atmospheric Co2 ◽  
Respiration Rates

Photosynthetic response to growth temperature and CO2 enrichment in two species of C4 grasses

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 483-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Potvin ◽  
Boyd R. Strain
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Growth Temperature ◽  
Dark Respiration ◽  
Co2 Enrichment ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
C4 Grasses ◽  
Eleusine Indica ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
Acclimation Potential ◽  
Photosynthesis And Respiration

Plants of Echinochloa crus-galli from Québec, North Carolina, and Mississippi and of Eleusine indica from Mississippi were grown under three thermoperiods (28:22, 24:18, 21:15 °C) and two atmospheric CO2 concentrations (350 and 675 μL ∙ L−1). CO2 enrichment induced an increase in net photosynthesis and in dark respiration for all populations. Neither conductance, transpiration, nor the transpiration/photosynthesis ratio were affected by CO2 enrichment. Plants showed higher photosynthetic and dark respiration rates when grown in warm regimes. Stomatal conductance did not vary with growth temperature. Cool-adapted plants from Québec maintained the overall highest net photosynthesis and respiration. Plants originating from warm areas had a weaker acclimation potential to low temperature than those from cool environments.

Observations of the Photosynthetic Physiology of Tree Species within the C3 Monocotyledon Genus Pandanus, and Comparison with Dicotyledon C3 Tree Species

1998 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine E. Lovelock
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Specific Leaf Area ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Dark Respiration ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
Leaf Dark Respiration ◽  
Resource Levels

Photosynthetic characteristics of tree species from the tropical C3 monocotyledon genus Pandanus were compared with C3 dicotyledon species growing in similar environments. The Pandanus species had similar maximum photosynthetic rates (Amax) to dicotyledon tree species in leaves from both sun and shaded environments when Amax was expressed on an area basis. Because of the low specific leaf area of the schlerophyllous leaves of the Pandanus compared to the dicotyledon species, the similarity in Amax was no longer evident when Amax was expressed on a dry-weight basis. Leaf dark respiration rates of the Pandanus on a leaf area and weight basis were generally lower than the shade-intolerant dicotyledons and similar to the shade-tolerant dicotyledon species. Low dark respiration rates and low specific leaf area of the Pandanus may be important characteristics for growth and survival in environments where resource levels are low and the likelihood of tissue damage is high.

Effect of free-air atmospheric CO2 enrichment on dark respiration of rice plants (Oryza sativa L.)

2006 ◽  
Vol 115 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 105-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongjun Xu ◽  
Xunhua Zheng ◽  
Yuesi Wang ◽  
Yulong Wang ◽  
Yao Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Dark Respiration ◽  
Co2 Enrichment ◽  
Atmospheric Co2 ◽  
Rice Plants ◽  
Free Air

Temperature relations of gas exchange in altitudinal populations of Taraxacum officinale

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (19) ◽  
pp. 2496-2502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul R. Kemp ◽  
George J. Williams III ◽  
David S. May
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Dark Respiration ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Taraxacum Officinale ◽  
Verbascum Thapsus ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
Hill Activity ◽  
Population Origin ◽  
Weedy Species ◽  
Temperature Responses

Taraxacum officinale plants representative of three altitudinally diverse populations were grown under uniform conditions. Temperature responses of net photosynthesis, photorespiration, and transpiration were obtained from four plants of each population over the range of 10 to 40 °C at saturating irradiances(1000 μE ∙ m−2 ∙ s−1). Dark respiration rates were obtained from the same plants over the range of 10 to 30 °C. All plants exhibited similar gas exchange responses to temperature regardless of population origin. Maximum rates of net photosynthesis occurred near 20 °C in all plants and averaged 20.8 mg CO2 ∙ dm−2 ∙ h−1 (mean of 12 plants). Dark respiration and photorespiration rates increased nearly linearly with temperature in all plants. These results are in contrast with previous studies of the same populations in which differences in Hill activity and succinate dehydrogenase activity were reported. However, the photosynthetic patterns and lack of genetic differentiation of photosynthesis are similar to the results obtained for another weedy species, Verbascum thapsus, along the same altitudinal transect.

Effects of atmospheric CO2 enrichment and foliar methanol application on net photosynthesis of sour orange tree (Citrus aurantium; Rutaceae) leaves

1995 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherwood B. Idso ◽  
Kieth E. Idso ◽  
Richard L. Garcia ◽  
Bruce A. Kimball ◽  
J. Kenneth Hoober
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Enrichment ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Atmospheric Co2 ◽  
Sour Orange ◽  
Citrus Aurantium ◽  
Orange Tree

EFFECTS OF GREENHOUSE CO2 ENRICHMENT ON THE YIELD AND PHOTOSYNTHETIC PHYSIOLOGY OF TOMATO PLANTS

1978 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 801-817 ◽  
Author(s):  
PETER R. HICKLENTON ◽  
PETER A. JOLLIFFE
Keyword(s):  
Dark Respiration ◽  
Co2 Enrichment ◽  
Stomatal Resistance ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Behavioral Indices ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
Growth Regime ◽  
Photosynthetic Physiology ◽  
Marketable Fruit ◽  
Mesophyll Resistance

Tomato crops were grown in greenhouses with and without CO2 enrichment to approximately 900 vpm. Plants grown under enhanced CO2 concentrations flowered earlier and produced 30% more marketable fruit than those grown in normal air. Measurements were conducted on CO2 and water vapor exchanges in apical and basal leaves under a range of irradiances and CO2 concentrations. Photosynthesis rates were higher in leaves from the enriched regime at test irradiances above 50 μE m−2 s−1 (400–700 nm). Increasing test CO2 concentration enlarged that difference, with the effect being most pronounced in apical leaves. Mesophyll resistance to CO2 assimilation was greater than stomatal resistance at all irradiances, and tended to be higher in basal leaves than in apical leaves of the CO2-enriched plants. Stomatal resistances were similar in apical and basal leaves from CO2-enriched plants. In unenriched plants, however, stomatal resistances were lower in apical than in basal leaves. CO2 compensation points were decreased in leaves developed under CO2 enrichment, but dark respiration rates were not significantly affected by growth regime. Behavioral indices of photosynthesis indicated that the efficiency of CO2 utilization was improved by growth in a CO2-enriched regime. Such fundamental changes in photosynthetic behavior suggest that the effects of CO2 enrichment on yield are not only due to increased growth in the presence of additional photosynthetic substrate. They also result from changes in the innate capacity of photosynthetic systems to utilize CO2.

Effects of pCO2 on photosynthesis and respiration of tropical scleractinian corals and calcified algae

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 1092-1102 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Comeau ◽  
R. C. Carpenter ◽  
P. J. Edmunds
Keyword(s):  
Dark Respiration ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
French Polynesia ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Gross Photosynthesis ◽  
Functional Relationships ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
Photosynthesis And Respiration

The effects of ocean acidification (OA) on coral reefs have been studied thoroughly with a focus on the response of calcification of corals and calcified algae. However, there are still large gaps in our knowledge of the effects of OA on photosynthesis and respiration of these organisms. Comparisons among species and determination of the functional relationships between pCO2 and either photosynthesis or respiration are difficult using previously published data, because experimental conditions typically vary widely between studies. Here, we tested the response of net photosynthesis, gross photosynthesis, dark respiration, and light-enhanced dark respiration (LEDR) of eight coral taxa and seven calcified alga taxa to six different pCO2 levels (from 280 to 2000 µatm). Organisms were maintained during 7–10 days incubations in identical conditions of light, temperature, and pCO2 to facilitate comparisons among species. Net photosynthesis was not affected by pCO2 in seven of eight corals or any of the algae; gross photosynthesis did not respond to pCO2 in six coral taxa and six algal taxa; dark respiration also was unaffected by pCO2 in six coral and six algae; and LEDR did not respond to pCO2 in any of the tested species. Overall, our results show that pCO2 levels up to 2000 µatm likely will not fertilize photosynthesis or modify respiration rates of most of the main calcifiers on the back reef of Moorea, French Polynesia.

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