Marked Reduction in Long-Term Cardiac Deaths With Aspirin After a Coronary Event

1996 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 326-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Goldstein, MD, FACC
Keyword(s):  
Marked Reduction ◽  
Coronary Event

scholarly journals Marked reduction in long-term cardiac deaths with aspirin after a coronary event

1996 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 326-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert E. Goldstein ◽  
Mark Andrews ◽  
W. Jackson Hall ◽  
Arthur J. Moss
Keyword(s):  
Marked Reduction ◽  
Coronary Event

scholarly journals Dinosaurs in decline tens of millions of years before their final extinction

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (18) ◽  
pp. 5036-5040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manabu Sakamoto ◽  
Michael J. Benton ◽  
Chris Venditti
Keyword(s):  
Mass Extinction ◽  
Marked Reduction ◽  
Evolutionary Dynamics ◽  
General Pattern ◽  
Extinction Rate ◽  
Catastrophic Event ◽  
Extinction Event ◽  
Mass Extinction Event ◽  
First Time

Whether dinosaurs were in a long-term decline or whether they were reigning strong right up to their final disappearance at the Cretaceous–Paleogene (K-Pg) mass extinction event 66 Mya has been debated for decades with no clear resolution. The dispute has continued unresolved because of a lack of statistical rigor and appropriate evolutionary framework. Here, for the first time to our knowledge, we apply a Bayesian phylogenetic approach to model the evolutionary dynamics of speciation and extinction through time in Mesozoic dinosaurs, properly taking account of previously ignored statistical violations. We find overwhelming support for a long-term decline across all dinosaurs and within all three dinosaurian subclades (Ornithischia, Sauropodomorpha, and Theropoda), where speciation rate slowed down through time and was ultimately exceeded by extinction rate tens of millions of years before the K-Pg boundary. The only exceptions to this general pattern are the morphologically specialized herbivores, the Hadrosauriformes and Ceratopsidae, which show rapid species proliferations throughout the Late Cretaceous instead. Our results highlight that, despite some heterogeneity in speciation dynamics, dinosaurs showed a marked reduction in their ability to replace extinct species with new ones, making them vulnerable to extinction and unable to respond quickly to and recover from the final catastrophic event.

scholarly journals UNMET NEEDS IN SELF-DIRECTED HCBS PROGRAMS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S231-S231
Author(s):  
Kevin J Mahoney ◽  
Ellen k Mahoney ◽  
Carmen Morano ◽  
Andrew DeVellis
Keyword(s):  
Marked Reduction ◽  
Unmet Needs ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Care Integration ◽  
Suggested Strategy ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Cash And Counseling ◽  
Services And Supports

Abstract Unmet Need for long-term services and supports has been linked to a variety of harmful health outcomes. One suggested strategy for ameliorating unmet need is to give participants control of the budget and let them construct individualized plans. The evaluation of the Cash and Counseling controlled experiment documented a marked reduction in unmet need when compared to traditional agency-based solutions, but it also showed significant unmet needs remained. This paper, drawing from 76 ethnographic case studies of Cash and Counseling participants, gives us an understanding of what those unmet needs are, who sees them, and what participants and their family caregivers see as possible remedies. Certain areas of unmet need identified in this study stand out. These included health-related problems, environmental issues, and the caregivers’ need for relied. The paper concludes with implications for care integration and the training of support brokers as warnings about reducing budgets.

A Century of Fiscal Squeeze Politics

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Hood ◽  
Rozana Himaz
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Marked Reduction ◽  
Public Spending ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Financial Outcomes ◽  
Political Cost ◽  
Political Choices ◽  
The Uk

Contributing to the literature on austerity, this book identifies and compares episodes of ‘fiscal squeeze’ (that is, substantial efforts to cut public spending and/or raise taxes) in the UK over a century from 1900 to 2015. It looks at how different the politics of fiscal squeeze and austerity is today from what it was a century ago, ways in which fiscal squeeze can reshape the state, leading to new ways of organizing government or providing services, and at how political credit and blame play out in the aftermath of fiscal squeeze. The analysis is both quantitative and qualitative, starting with reported financial outcomes and then looking at the political choices and processes that lie behind those outcomes to identify patterns and puzzles that have not been recognized or explained adequately so far in received theory. Thus the book identifies a long-term shift from deep but short-lived episodes of spending restraint or tax increases in the earlier part of the century towards episodes in which the pain is spread out over a longer period during the latter part of the century. It also identifies a marked reduction of revenue-led squeezes in the last part of the century. Analysing fiscal squeeze both in terms of reported outcomes and a qualitative analysis of loss imposition, political cost to incumbents and state, helps to solve a puzzle in the literature about the electoral effects of austerity and apparently erratic voter ‘punishment’ of governments that impose austerity policies.

scholarly journals Relationship among Short and Long Term of Hypoinsulinemia-Hyperglycemia, Dermatophytosis, and Immunobiology of Mononuclear Phagocytes

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thais F. C. Fraga-Silva ◽  
Camila M. Marchetti ◽  
Luiza A. N. Mimura ◽  
Gisele A. Locachevic ◽  
Márjorie A. Golim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marked Reduction ◽  
Trichophyton Mentagrophytes ◽  
Mononuclear Phagocytes ◽  
Adherent Cells ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Proinflammatory Response ◽  
Fungal Load ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Short And Long Term

Dermatophytes are fungi responsible for causing superficial infections. In patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), dermatophytosis is usually more severe and recurrent. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the influence of short and long term hypoinsulinemia-hyperglycemia (HH) during experimental infection byTrichophyton mentagrophytesas well as alterations in the mononuclear phagocytes. Our results showed two distinct profiles of fungal outcome and immune response. Short term HH induced a discrete impaired proinflammatory response by peritoneal adherent cells (PAC) and a delayed fungal clearance. Moreover, long term HH mice showed low and persistent fungal load and a marked reduction in the production of TNF-αby PAC. Furthermore, while the inoculation of TM in non-HH mice triggered high influx of Gr1+monocytes into the peripheral blood, long term HH mice showed low percentage of these cells. Thus, our results demonstrate that the time of exposure of HH interferes with the TM infection outcome as well as the immunobiology of mononuclear phagocytes, including fresh monocyte recruitment from bone marrow and PAC activity.

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