scholarly journals Monitoring of the Metabolic Syndrome in Psychiatric Inpatients

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
J. Cordes ◽  
G. Regenbrecht ◽  
M.W. Agelink ◽  
J. Zielasek ◽  
K.G. Kahl
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Inpatient Treatment ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Increased Risk

In this naturalistic observational study carried out in an inpatient treatment setting we as yet surveyed the parameters of the metabolic syndrome. A weekly monitoring procedure was implemented. The analysis included data of 350 patients over a time of 12 weeks. The last observation carried forward method was applied. Additionally we are evaluating the informative value of visceral body fat percentage as measured by a body composition analyzer. The patients showed a weight increase over the first 12 weeks (mean increase: 0.87 kg, p < .001) as well as an increase of the body mass index (mean increase: 0.45 kg/m2, p < .001). Accordingly, waist circumference (mean increase: 1.06 cm, p = .007) and visceral fat index (mean increase: 0.19, p = .007) increased. No worsening of fasting glucose and blood lipid concentrations was detected. Spearmens coefficient indicated correlations between visceral fat index and body mass index (ρ = .77; p < .001), waist circumference (ρ = .70; p < .001), and triglyceride concentrations (ρ = .39; p < .001). Correlations between visceral fat index and fasting glucose (ρ = .18; p = .019), and visceral fat index and total cholesterol (ρ = .16; p = .049) were weak but also significant. In contrast, the HDL cholesterol showed a negative relation with ρ < -.39 at each point in time (p < .001).We conclude that psychiatric patients are at increased risk for the development of metabolic alterations during inpatient treatment. The possible underlying mechanisms of this interaction are discussed.

scholarly journals The Association of Obesity and Liver Enzyme Activities in a Student Population at Increased Risk for Cardiovascular Disease / Veza Između Gojaznosti I Aktivnosti Jetrenih Enzima U Studentskoj Populaciji Sa Povećanim Rizikom Za Nastanak Kardiovaskularnih Bolesti

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emina Čolak ◽  
Dragana Pap ◽  
Nada Majkić-Singh ◽  
Ivana Obradović
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Liver Enzyme ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Increased Risk

Summary Background: It has been reported that obesity is associated with metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, cardiovascular risk but also with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The prevalence of obesity in children and adolescents is increasing rapidly all over the world. The aim of this study was to analyze the value of liver enzymes: AST, ALT and γGT in a group of obese students in order to establish their correlation to anthropometric parameters such as: BMI (body mass index), WC (waist circumference), HC (hip circumference), and WHR (waist-to-hip ratio) compared to non-obese students who comprised the control group (CG). Methods: In this study, 238 students from the University of Novi Sad of both sexes (126 men and 112 women) with a mean age of 22.32 ± 1.85 years were included. According to the body mass index (BMI) lower and higher than 25 kg/m2 and waist circumference (WC) lower and higher than 94 cm (80 cm for females) the whole group of 238 students was divided into 2 subgroups: the obese group at increased risk for CVD (Group 1) and the group at lower risk for CVD (Group 2). AST, ALT and γGT activities were determined in fasting blood samples. Results: Statistical processing data revealed significantly higher values of AST, ALT and γGT in the group of students with BMI>25 kg/m2, WC>94 cm for males and WC>80 cm for females, HC>108 cm for males and HC>111 cm for females, and WHR>0.90 for males and WHR>0.80 for females (P<0.001). Significant association was established between anthropometric parameters and liver enzyme levels (P<0.0001). Conclusions: Obese students with higher BMI, WC, HC and WHR values have higher liver enzyme activites and a higher chance to develop NAFLD in the future.

scholarly journals Circulating Irisin in Relation to Insulin Resistance and the Metabolic Syndrome

2013 ◽  
Vol 98 (12) ◽  
pp. 4899-4907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyung Hee Park ◽  
Lesya Zaichenko ◽  
Mary Brinkoetter ◽  
Bindiya Thakkar ◽  
Ayse Sahin-Efe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Baseline Serum ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Increased Risk

Context: Irisin, a recently identified hormone, has been proposed to regulate energy homeostasis and obesity in mice. Whether irisin levels are associated with risk of the metabolic syndrome (MetS), cardiometabolic variables, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in humans remains unknown. Objective: Our objective was to assess the associations between baseline serum irisin levels and MetS, cardiometabolic variables, and CVD risk. Design, Setting, and Subjects: We conducted a comparative cross-sectional evaluation of baseline circulating levels of the novel hormone irisin and the established adipokine adiponectin with MetS, cardiometabolic variables, and CVD risk in a sample of 151 subjects. Results: Baseline irisin levels were significantly higher in subjects with MetS than in subjects without MetS. Irisin was associated negatively with adiponectin (r = −0.4, P &lt; .001) and positively with body mass index (r = 0.22, P = .008), systolic (r = 0.17, P = .04) and diastolic (r = 0.27, P = .001) blood pressure, fasting glucose (r = 0.25, P = .002), triglycerides (r = 0.25, P = .003), and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (r = 0.33, P &lt; .001). After adjustment for potential confounders, including body mass index, subjects in the highest tertile of irisin levels were more likely to have MetS (odds ratio [OR] = 9.44, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.66–33.44), elevated fasting blood glucose (OR = 5.80, 95% CI = 1.72–19.60), high triglycerides (OR = 3.89, 95% CI = 1.16–13.03), and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (OR = 3.30, 95% CI = 1.18–9.20). Irisin was independently associated with homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance and general Framingham risk profile in multiple linear regression analyses after adjustment for confounders. Adiponectin demonstrated the expected associations with outcomes. Conclusions: Irisin is associated with increased risk of MetS, cardiometabolic variables, and CVD in humans, indicating either increased secretion by adipose/muscle tissue and/or a compensatory increase of irisin to overcome an underlying irisin resistance in these subjects.

Cardiometabolic Risks Among Survivors of Childhood Hematologic Malignancies.

Blood ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 114 (22) ◽  
pp. 4113-4113
Author(s):  
Daniel A. Mulrooney ◽  
Aaron Kelly ◽  
K. Scott Baker ◽  
Lyn Steffen ◽  
Jill Lunsford-Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Pubertal Development ◽  
Hematologic Malignancies ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Abstract 4113 Survival rates for childhood hematologic malignancies continue to improve. Research suggests these individuals are at increased risk for late adverse cardiovascular outcomes. This analysis includes children (n=101) who survived ≥ 5-yrs following diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) (n=78), acute myeloid leukemia (AML) (n=5), and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) (n=18), compared to their frequency matched healthy siblings (n=123). Anthropometric measurements, blood pressure (BP), fasting glucose, insulin, and lipids were collected; insulin resistance was assessed by euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp, adjusted for lean body mass (low Mlbm represents insulin resistance); carotid artery stiffness (distensibility and compliance – low levels represent increased stiffness), adjusted for lumen diameter, was assessed by ultrasound. Least squares means and standard errors, adjusted for age, gender, pubertal development, and body mass index (BMI) were compared. Survivors (63.4% male) mean age at diagnosis was 10.3 yrs (5.7-15.8) and 15.0 yrs (9.9-17.9) at evaluation; siblings (56.1% male) were 13.6 yrs (9.0-18.0) at evaluation. Among survivors, 88 (87.1%) received chemotherapy only and 13 (12.9%) chemotherapy and cranial radiation. Metabolic syndrome (MS) (modified criteria for children) was present in 8 (7.9%) survivors vs. 6 (4.9%) siblings (p=0.35). Nevertheless, 25 (24.8 %) survivors had two or more MS components compared to 17 (13.8 %) siblings (p=0.04). There were no differences between cases and siblings on measures of adiposity (BMI, waist circumference, % body fat, visceral fat), BP, fasting glucose, insulin, and lipids. However, survivors were significantly more insulin resistant and had stiffer carotid arteries compared to controls (Table). Despite similar levels of adiposity, survivors of childhood hematologic malignancies demonstrate signs of insulin resistance and increased vascular stiffness at a young age compared to healthy controls. These findings highlight: 1) the heightened cardiovascular risk profile among children who survived hematologic malignancies and 2) that the typical components of the MS may not be sufficiently sensitive measures of risk in this young population. Survivors (n = 101) Siblings (n = 123) (p) LS means (SE) LS means (SE) Body mass index (BMI) (kg/m2) 21.3 (0.5) 21.2 (0.5) 0.8 Visceral fat (cm3) 22.8 (1.0) 22.3 (1.0) 0.7 Insulin resistance [Mlbm (mg/kg/min)] 12.6 (0.5) 14.2 (0.5) 0.007 Carotid artery distensibility (%) 13.5 (0.4) 14.9 (0.4) 0.004 Carotid artery compliance (mm2/mmHg) 0.16 (0.004) 0.17 (0.004) 0.008 Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Age, obesity and inflammation at baseline predict the effects of testosterone administration on the metabolic syndrome

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farid Saad ◽  
Ahmad Haider ◽  
Erik J. Giltay ◽  
Louis J.G. Gooren
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Waist Size ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Testosterone Administration

AbstractTestosterone administration to hypogonadal men improves the metabolic syndrome. This study analyzed whether age, serum testosterone, body mass index/waist circumference, increment in testosterone values and C-reactive protein (CRP) predicted the outcome of testosterone administration.A total of 110 mainly elderly men, aged between 18 and 83 years (mean±SD=59.6±8.0) with baseline serum testosterone of 5.8–12.1 nmol/L (mean±SD=9.3±1.7) (n>14.0 nmol/L), received parenteral testosterone undecanoate whereupon serum testosterone normalized between 3 and 24 months.(i) The lower the baseline testosterone, the stronger the decreases in waist size and triglycerides. (ii) The greater the increment in serum testosterone, the stronger the decreases in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose. (iii) Older age was associated with stronger beneficial effects on waist size, glucose and all lipids, but a small negative effect on high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. (iv) Obese men and men with the largest waist circumference showed the strongest declines over 2 years in weight, waist circumference and body mass index (BMI), and also in total cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose. Baseline BMI predicted a stronger decline in LDL cholesterol, but a smaller decline in CRP levels. (v) Higher baseline CRP predicted larger declines in levels of triglycerides, glucose and CRP. (vi) In the multivariate model, age, BMI and CRP were independent predictors of the strongest benefit of testosterone treatment on the metabolic syndrome.Older men, particularly when obese with chronic low-grade inflammation benefited most of normalizing their testosterone levels, preferably if they reached mid-normal reference values.

scholarly journals 937. Factors Associated with Metabolic Syndrome in People with HIV under 40 Years in Guatemala

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S502-S502
Author(s):  
Hugo E Marroquín ◽  
Dean Ortiz ◽  
Lindsey Larson ◽  
Katherine Franco ◽  
Andrej Spec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
P Value ◽  
Low Hdl

Abstract Background HIV infection and antiretroviral therapy (ART) can lead to metabolic abnormalities associated with increased cardiovascular disease risk, some of these abnormalities (central obesity, elevated fasting glucose, triglycerides, and blood pressure and low HDL cholesterol) are in metabolic syndrome (MetS). The prevalence of MetS increases with age. Currently, the status of MetS in people with HIV (PWH) Guatemala is unknown. We assessed the prevalence of MetS and potential predictors in PWH participating in prospective cohort study at Hospital Roosevelt in Guatemala City. Methods We performed a cross-sectional analysis of PWH under 40 years old receiving ART for at least 6 months from July 2019 to March 2020. The harmonized criteria for MetS and the cut-off for waist circumference recommended by the Latin American Diabetes Association were used. Association between MetS and gender, place of residency, ethnicity, educational level, baseline and current CD4 count, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, viral load, body mass index (BMI) and ART exposure was assessed in bivariate analysis. Potential predictors (p-value &lt; 0.1) were included in a multivariate binary logistic regression model. Results Of total cohort of 757 participants enrolled390 (51.5%) were younger than 40 years. Of those under &lt; 40 years, 150 (38.5%) were women, 59 (15.1%) Mayan, median age was 32 years (IQR 27, 37). 93 (23.8%) had MetS. Between group differences in Table 1. Of those with Met, 51 (54.8%) had elevated waist circumference, 87 (93.5%) elevated triglycerides, 83 (89.2%) low HDL-c, 56 (60.2%) elevated blood pressure and 35 (37.6%) elevated fasting glucose. Body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2 or higher and 2 years or more of cumulative non-nucleoside reverse transcription inhibitors (NNRTI) where more common in those &lt; 40 years with MetS compared to those without MetS. On multivariable regression, MetS was associated with current CD4 count &lt; 200 (OR 3.1; IC 1.51, 6.34; p-value &lt; 0.01) and BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 (OR; 6.53; IC 3.64, 11.73; p-value &lt; 0.01). Table1. Between group differences (No MetS vs MetS) Conclusion Nearly one in every four PWH under 40 years old in our cohort was affected by MetS. Dyslipidemia (elevated triglycerides and low HDL-c) was the main driver of MetS. Lower CD4 count and overweight were predictors for MetS in PWH under 40. Disclosures Andrej Spec, MD, MSCI, Astellas (Grant/Research Support)Mayne (Consultant)Scynexis (Consultant)

Abstract P250: How to Successfully Manage Adolescents’ Metabolic Syndrome. Keep it Simple!

Circulation ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 127 (suppl_12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie St-Pierre ◽  
Charles B Thibault ◽  
Johanne Harvey ◽  
Helene Fortin ◽  
JoAnnie Lapointe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Motivational Interviewing ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Weight Reduction ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Family Approach

Background: The metabolic syndrome prevalence in adolescents is still rising (with up to 8% in some populations); this increase is mainly attributable to the obesity epidemic. Consequently, the long-term cardiovascular risk of these adolescents is very high. Unfortunately, despite this elevated risk, motivation and adherence to weight reduction programs still remain very low. Hypothesis: To verify if the combination of motivational interviewing, nutritional and physical education, and a close follow-up in a multidisciplinary, family-based weight-reduction pediatric clinic is effective to initiate and sustain beneficial lifestyle changes at 6 months. Subjects and Method: Fifty (50) families with adolescents (10-17 years old) characterized by obesity and metabolic syndrome were recruited with their families. The cardiometabolic risk profile (including body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, glucose, insulin, lipids and apolipoprotein B levels) of every subject was evaluated and explained to the adolescent and his/her parents. With motivational interviewing techniques and educative approaches, adolescents were brought to set up, at the first visit, a one month, one health challenge change. In subsequent visits, anthropometric measurements were recorded and, based on their first month’s success, new healthy challenges were proposed by the adolescent. Results: Adolescents participating in this program were initially highly motivated to initiate a one month healthy challenge with an average score of 7/10. Eighty percent of them chose to stop drinking juice or soda beverages as their first challenge. At one month, over 80% of them observe a weight reduction or no weight gain. At this point, the adolescents’ perception of success is the main source of motivation to introduce new health challenges in their life. At 3 and 6 months, healthy habits are still present in over 70% of them. Interestingly, these changes are accompanied by modifications in anthropometric covariables. At 6 months, we observe a significant reduction of body mass index (p=0.027) and waist circumference (p=0.047) in addition to a trend towards a reduction of mean weight (p=0.054). Conclusion: With counselling based on education, motivational techniques and a family approach, a high proportion of adolescents have initiated and maintained healthy changes. At 6 months, waist circumference reduction was the strongest change. This combined familial approach appears promising to reduce metabolic syndrome prevalence in adolescents. The prospective data collection is still ongoing, with the first adolescents recruited now reaching the one-year follow-up.

Beyond the body mass index: tracking body composition in the pathogenesis of obesity and the metabolic syndrome

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 6-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Müller ◽  
M. Lagerpusch ◽  
J. Enderle ◽  
B. Schautz ◽  
M. Heller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Index Tracking ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

scholarly journals The ability of waist-to-height ratio to identify health risk

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Márcia Mara Corrêa ◽  
Luiz Augusto Facchini ◽  
Elaine Thumé ◽  
Elizabete Regina Araújo de Oliveira ◽  
Elaine Tomasi
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Systemic Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio ◽  
Risk Categories

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the performance of the ratio between the waist circumference and the height in the identification of health risk compared with the correlation matrix between the anthropometric parameters body mass index and waist circumference. METHODS: A population-based study presenting a transversal cut in a representative sample of the Brazilian adult and older population. The combination of the body mass index with the waist circumference resulted in health risk categories, and the cutoff points of the ratio between the waist circumference and the height as anthropometric indicator were used for classification of low and increased risk. Poisson regression was used to verify the association of systemic arterial hypertension with the health risk categories. RESULTS: The results showed 26% of adult men, 10.4% of adult women and more than 30% of the older adults of both genders classified as without risk by the combination matrix between body mass index and waist circumference presented a ratio between the waist circumference and height that showed increased risk. All risk categories continued to be associated with hypertension after control for confounding factors, being almost two times higher for adults with moderate and high risk according to both methods. When the waist-to-height ratio was used as a risk indicator, the prevalence of hypertension ratios for the older adults was 1.37 (95%CI 1.16–1.63) and 1.35 (95%CI 1.12–1.62) for men and women, respectively, being these values close to the combination matrix body mass index and waist circumference. CONCLUSIONS: The waist-to-height ratio identified more individuals at early health risk than the combination matrix between the body mass index and the waist circumference and showed comparable ability to identify health risk, regardless of gender and age, regarding the prevalence ratios for systemic arterial hypertension.

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