Study of markers of systemic inflammation (matrix metalloproteinase-9, vascular endothelial adhesion molecules of type 1) in patients with ST -segment elevation myocardial infarction at the hospital and outpatient stages

Aim. To study the level of MMP-9 and VCAM-1 in patients with AMI with ST-segment elevation at the hospital stage and one year after the index event, depending on the development of complications and changes in BMI and waist size (WS). Material and methods. The study included 126 people with STEMI after PCI, as well as 27 people in the control group. The level of MMP-9 and VCAM-1 in peripheral blood was analyzed. In addition to the standard methods of examination and diagnosis, BMI and WS were measured to identify groups with visceral obesity. The assessment of the frequency and nature of complications after STEMI was performed. Results. The levels of biomarkers of vascular endothelial adhesion molecule type 1 and matrix metalloproteinase type 9 are increased in the acute period of STEMI, statistically significantly reduced, but remain elevated 12 months after the index event, with VCAM-1 by 3.5 times, and MMP by almost 2 times compared to the initial values. The level of MMP-9 is significantly higher in excess body mass index and waist size, and VCAM-1 has no association with visceral obesity. Vascular endothelial adhesion molecules of type 1 and matrix metalloproteinases of type 9 are increased in patients with a fatal outcome, as well as with an increase in the severity of OSN and CHF. The level of matrix metalloproteinase has a strong relationship with fatal outcome and repeated MI, and the vascular endothelial adhesion molecule type 1 has a stronger relationship with the severity of CHF. Conclusion. The article studied markers of systemic inflammation (matrix metalloproteinase type 9 and vascular endothelial adhesion molecules type 1) in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, depending on the presence of obesity at the hospital and outpatient stages. Simultaneous determination of MMP-9 and VCAM-1 levels can be used to assess the intensity of the inflammatory process and the risk of adverse outcomes.

Indian diabetes risk profile of employees in a tertiary care facility in north Maharashtra: a cross sectional study

Background: The rising prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in India calls for screening of at-risk adults. Objectives were to assess IDRS (Indian diabetes risk score) of T2D in staff in tertiary care hospital, and to assess covariates random blood sugar (RBS), BMI, skinfold thickness (SFT), pre-existing T2D in the employees.Methods: In this cross sectional study, IDRS was used to assess all staff in a tertiary care institute. Anthropometric measurements, BP and RBS were done. Information on parental T2D, cereal intake and weekly physical activity (PA) was obtained in interview.Results: 370 subjects (F-117, M-273) with mean age 30.81 (7.99), BMI 22.89 (14.13) years were screened. Subjects in moderate and sedentary work were 185 each, 15% women and 39% men had higher waist size. Total 5.4% subjects had T2D including known diabetics. RBS in women and men was 113.1 (27.87), 114.7 (27.66), with IDRS score high in 29 (7.84%) and moderate in 144 (38.92%). Parental T2D was present in 19.5% subjects. IDRS risk was strongly associated with type of work (Chi-square 79.0283, df=4, p=0.00). Multiple logistic regression for IDRS risk outcome showed association of age (OR 1.4), BMI (OR1.3), parental T2D (OR 9.6) with highly significant p values. Multiple linear regression for RBS outcome was associated with age (OR 1.3) and BMI (OR 1.4) but the results were statistically not significant.Conclusions: Pooled IDRS risk was present in 47% subjects despite younger age of study population. Improvements in physical activity and reduction in waist size is the need of the hour.

Childhood waist growth curves and adult diabetes

Our primary objectives are to empirically identify distinct childhood groups based on trajectories of waist circumference (WC) and waist circumference index measurements, and then to estimate associations between these groups and adult diabetes incidence, as well as other outcomes, including blood pressure, body size, body composition, and hemoglobin levels. Childhood WC and height measurements as well as various adult measurements are taken from participants in the Fels Longitudinal Study. Childhood groups are identified using group-based trajectory modeling. Associations between the resulting group probabilities and adult outcomes are examined using mixed models. Our results show that distinct childhood groups are identifiable for both waist size measurements, with growth curves exhibited by these groups becoming distinguishably separate at around 4 years of age. Higher probabilities for groups exhibiting the larger waist size for either measurement were estimated to have higher risks of developing diabetes in adulthood. Associations were also observed between group probabilities and systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and various anthropomorphic measurements, with most associations consistently occurring in early adulthood. These findings expand upon the existing literature, showing that childhood trends in waist size, distinguishable at ages as early as 4 years, are associated with adult Type-2 diabetes.

Análisis de la curva ROC en la evaluación de indicadores antropométricos

Evaluation of the Waist Weight-Circumference Index (WWCI) using Logistic Regression. Descriptive, prospective and cross-sectional study shows 1095 adults and older adults, aged between 20 and 96 years. Methods: variables: age, weight, size, Waist Circumference (WC), BMI, Waist-Size Index (WSI). Results: Similar BMI in both sexes; higher WC and WSI averages in a ≥ age of 65; major WWCI in group 20-59 years; WWCI risk rate (54.1%) higher in WC (44.7%) WSI (78.2%). WWSI significantly associated with BMI, WC and WSI (p<0.000); positive predictive value 0.92 and negative predictive value 0.70, indicate discriminatory capacity; Relative Risk, 1.92; Wald test statistic indicates statistical significance for the coefficients of risk probability equations; area under the ROC curve is 0.803 and 0.903 (P<0.000), high sensitivity and specificity. Conclusion: WWCI can be considered to evaluate overweight and obesity in adults, given its high discriminatory capacity.

Accurate simulation of draped fabric sheets with nonlinear modeling

This paper reports a numerical approach, based on a nonlinear particle spring model and a collision detection procedure, to simulate the shape of a draped cloth, or a flexible sheet, together with a simple but precise three-dimensional shape reconstruction method for real fabric applications. The latter is utilized to verify the accuracy of the proposed drape simulation model. The drapes of four types of fabric on a cylinder are simulated, and the results are compared with the reconstructed shapes of the same cloths; the results show an excellent agreement. The simulation model is further used to calculate the shapes of skirts of different materials and sizes, and the effects of fabric parameters, length, and waist size are numerically investigated. The results reveal that under the same conditions, the behaviors of different materials are affected by their properties in terms of stiffness coefficients of the springs. The silk skirt looks soft and fluttering; the outer contour curve of the skirt simulated for the polyester fabric appears relatively smoother, but the shape of the cotton skirt seems to be stiffer. The skirt made of fabric of 10% cotton and 90% polyester combines the characteristics of the polyester and cotton fabric.

Desulfovibrio is not always associated with adverse health effects in the Guangdong Gut Microbiome Project

Desulfovibrio (DSV) is frequently found in the human intestine but limited knowledge is available regarding the relationship between DSV and host health. In this study, we analyzed large-scale cohort data from the Guangdong Gut Microbiome Project to study the ecology of DSV and the associations of DSV and host health parameters. Phylogenetic analysis showed that Desulfovibrio piger might be the most common and abundant DSV species in the GGMP. Predominant sub-OTUs of DSV were positively associated with bacterial community diversity. The relative abundance of DSV was positively correlated with beneficial genera, including Oscillospira, Coprococcus,Ruminococcus,Akkermansia, Roseburia,Faecalibacterium, andBacteroides, and was negatively associated with harmful genera, such as Clostridium,Escherichia,Klebsiella, and Ralstonia. Moreover, the relative abundance of DSV was negatively correlated with body mass index, waist size, triglyceride levels, and uric acid levels. This suggests that DSV is associated with healthy hosts in some human populations.

Investigation of the Impact of the Pumping Beam Waist Size and Position on the Efficiency of YVO4/Nd : YVO4/YVO4 Laser Generation

This article presents the results of the investigation of the generation efficiency for different sizes and positions of the pumping beam waist inside the active medium of the YVO4/Nd : YVO4/YVO4 lasers. The measurements were carried out for a fixed resonator length of 36.1 mm, a constant pumping power of 1.16 W, and four output couplers with different radii of curvature. According to the knowledge of the authors, such an extended experimental approach is presented for the first time.

Numerical Simulation of Long-Wave Infrared Generation Using an External Cavity Diamond Raman Laser

Diamond has a broad spectral transmission range (&gt;0.2 μm) and the largest Raman frequency shift (1,332 cm−1) among known Raman crystals. Hence, the diamond Raman laser has the potential to achieve lasing in the long-wave infrared (LWIR) range, which is difficult to reach via other crystalline lasers. Here, we report a new approach to achieve LWIR output using diamond Raman conversion and provide the corresponding analysis model and simulation results. The conversion efficiency is analyzed as function of the pump waist size, output-coupler transmission, and crystal length, at constant pump power. The maximum output power at which a diamond of relatively large size can be operated without damage is predicted. This study paves a way for high-power LWIR lasing in diamond.

Metabolic side effects of clozapine in patients at south ceredigion community mental health team

AimsThe aim of the audit was to identify patients at risk of developing Metabolic Syndrome who are on Clozapine in the community. Anyone who has three of following attributes has Metabolic Syndrome. A large waist size (greater than 40 inches in men or 35 inches in women) ,high blood pressure (130/85 mm Hg or higher) ,high triglycerides — a form of fat in the blood (150 mg/dL or higher) ,high blood sugar (a fasting level of 100 mg/dL or higher).Patients receiving should be regularly monitored under clinical review particularly in relation to side effects of the drug and maintain minimum standards of review both physically and clinical investigations once a year .BackgroundTo measure the screening of central obesity, Blood Pressure, serum glucose levels and lipid profile in last one year.MethodData were collected from Blood results and electronic entries of patients who are on Clozapine in South Ceredigion Community Mental Team. There were 31 patients of which 20 were male and 11 were female patients. The age range was 31–66 years and average was 46 years.Result52% of the patients had obesity,34 % with Hypertension,50 %Dyslipidaemia and 43 % had Increased glucose tolerance. 80 % were only on clozapine,3% were on combined Amisulpride, 10% on combined on Ariprazole, 3 % on combined Quetiapine.ConclusionTreatment of causes like making changing lifestyle changes, weigh reduction using health diet and to include regular physical activity. Reduce Abdominal Obesity and in possible provide nutritional intervention.