scholarly journals Advanced imaging tools for childhood tuberculosis: potential applications and research needs

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. e289-e297
Author(s):  
Sanjay K Jain ◽  
Savvas Andronikou ◽  
Pierre Goussard ◽  
Sameer Antani ◽  
David Gomez-Pastrana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Tuberculosis ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Advanced Imaging ◽  
Potential Applications

scholarly journals Realizing Spin-Conserved and Spin-Encrypted Hologram using Multipolar-modulated Meta-platform

2021 ◽  
Vol 2015 (1) ◽  
pp. 012060
Author(s):  
Hafiz Saad Khaliq ◽  
Inki Kim ◽  
Kashif Riaz ◽  
Taimoor Naeem ◽  
Muhammad Zubair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Building Block ◽  
Incident Light ◽  
Design Strategy ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Basic Building Block ◽  
Advanced Imaging ◽  
Optical Effects ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Wavefront Shaping ◽  
Absolute Control

Abstract The chiro-optical effects complemented with polarization conservation and wavefront shaping finds potential applications in advanced imaging, sorting and detection of enantiomers and quantum optics. Here, a unique design strategy proposed to manifest enormous chiro-optical effects using achiral structures (instead of conventional chiral antennas). The basic building block of the meta-platform contains a pair of achiral structures. The underlying mechanism behind the giant chiro-optical effects is explained by numerically calculating the multipolar resonances of scattering power. The designed diatomic meta-platform achieves absolute control over spin and wavefront of incident light to demonstrate the polarization-conserved and -encrypted meta-holograms.

Water Recycling – Research Needs

1982 ◽  
Vol 14 (9-11) ◽  
pp. 1475-1480
Author(s):  
A L Downing ◽  
G E Eden
Keyword(s):  
Health Effects ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Water Recycling ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Critical Area ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Potential Applications

The very wide spectrum of potential applications for re-used water is reflected in a need for research in many diverse areas. The most critical area is re-use for potable supplies, and here the identification of potential health effects is paramount. Other areas of application and their research needs are also considered.

New Concepts for Deployable-Collapsable Structures

1988 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yechiel Rosenfeld ◽  
Robert D. Logcher
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Space Station ◽  
The State ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Emergency Shelters ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Potential Applications

Deployable-collapsable structures have many potential applications, ranging from emergency shelters and facilities, through relocatable semi-permanent structures, to space-station components. A new concept of self-stabilized/self-supported “clicking” structures – featuring stable, stress-free states in both deployed and collapsed forms – shows even greater promise. This article highlights the state-of-the-art in the field of deployable-collapsable structures and discusses their advantages and limitations. A unique concept of “clicking” structures is introduced, and its basic capabilities are presented and discussed. Finally future research needs are mapped out.

An in situ and ex situ TEM study of the formation of thin cobalt silicide films by molecular beam epitaxy on the silicon (100) surface

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 884-885
Author(s):  
D. Loretto ◽  
J. M. Gibson ◽  
S. M. Yalisove ◽  
R. T. Tung
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Beam Epitaxy ◽  
Molecular Beam ◽  
Defect Density ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Ultra High Vacuum ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Metal Base ◽  
In Situ Experiments ◽  
Potential Applications

The cobalt disilicide/silicon system has potential applications as a metal-base and as a permeable-base transistor. Although thin, low defect density, films of CoSi2 on Si(111) have been successfully grown, there are reasons to believe that Si(100)/CoSi2 may be better suited to the transmission of electrons at the silicon/silicide interface than Si(111)/CoSi2. A TEM study of the formation of CoSi2 on Si(100) is therefore being conducted. We have previously reported TEM observations on Si(111)/CoSi2 grown both in situ, in an ultra high vacuum (UHV) TEM and ex situ, in a conventional Molecular Beam Epitaxy system.The procedures used for the MBE growth have been described elsewhere. In situ experiments were performed in a JEOL 200CX electron microscope, extensively modified to give a vacuum of better than 10-9 T in the specimen region and the capacity to do in situ sample heating and deposition. Cobalt was deposited onto clean Si(100) samples by thermal evaporation from cobalt-coated Ta filaments.

Microstructure of laser-irradiated, conducting Kapton polyimide

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 502-503
Author(s):  
D. L. Callahan ◽  
Z. Ball ◽  
H. M. Phillips ◽  
R. Sauerbrey
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Phase Transition ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Film Surface ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
General Utility ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Considerable Debate ◽  
Potential Applications

Ultraviolet laser-irradiation can be used to induce an insulator-to-conductor phase transition on the surface of Kapton polyimide. Such structures have potential applications as resistors or conductors for VLSI applications as well as general utility electrodes. Although the percolative nature of the phase transformation has been well-established, there has been little definitive work on the mechanism or extent of transformation. In particular, there has been considerable debate about whether or not the transition is primarily photothermal in nature, as we propose, or photochemical. In this study, cross-sectional optical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy are utilized to characterize the nature of microstructural changes associated with the laser-induced pyrolysis of polyimide.Laser-modified polyimide samples initially 12 μm thick were prepared in cross-section by standard ultramicrotomy. Resulting contraction in parallel to the film surface has led to distortions in apparent magnification. The scale bars shown are calibrated for the direction normal to the film surface only.

Fabrication and characterization - by High Resolution Electron Microscopy and atom probe microanalysis - of Co-based metallic multilayer films

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 772-773
Author(s):  
Amanda K. Petford-Long ◽  
A. Cerezo ◽  
M.G. Hetherington
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
High Resolution Electron Microscopy ◽  
Atom Probe ◽  
Multilayer Films ◽  
Interface Roughness ◽  
Probe Field ◽  
Resolution Electron ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Field Ion Microscope

The fabrication of multilayer films (MLF) with layer thicknesses down to one monolayer has led to the development of materials with unique properties not found in bulk materials. The properties of interest depend critically on the structure and composition of the films, with the interfacial regions between the layers being of particular importance. There are a number of magnetic MLF systems based on Co, several of which have potential applications as perpendicular magnetic (e.g Co/Cr) or magneto-optic (e.g. Co/Pt) recording media. Of particular concern are the effects of parameters such as crystallographic texture and interface roughness, which are determined by the fabrication conditions, on magnetic properties and structure.In this study we have fabricated Co-based MLF by UHV thermal evaporation in the prechamber of an atom probe field-ion microscope (AP). The multilayers were deposited simultaneously onto cobalt field-ion specimens (for AP and position-sensitive atom probe (POSAP) microanalysis without exposure to atmosphere) and onto the flat (001) surface of oxidised silicon wafers (for subsequent study in cross-section using high-resolution electron microscopy (HREM) in a JEOL 4000EX. Deposi-tion was from W filaments loaded with material in the form of wire (Co, Fe, Ni, Pt and Au) or flakes (Cr). The base pressure in the chamber was around 8×10−8 torr during deposition with a typical deposition rate of 0.05 - 0.2nm/s.

Progress and perspectives on halide lithium conductors for all-solid-state lithium batteries

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1429-1461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaona Li ◽  
Jianwen Liang ◽  
Xiaofei Yang ◽  
Keegan R. Adair ◽  
Changhong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Lithium Batteries ◽  
Electrochemical Stability ◽  
Superionic Conductors ◽  
Fundamental Understanding ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Synthesis Routes

This review focuses on fundamental understanding, various synthesis routes, chemical/electrochemical stability of halide-based lithium superionic conductors, and their potential applications in energy storage as well as related challenges.

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