Global burden and trends of sexually transmitted infections from 1990 to 2019: an observational trend study

Abstract BackgroundSexually transmitted infections (STIs) are major public health problems worldwide. Understanding the disease burden are crucial for health policy making. This study was to assess global and regional STIs incidence, mortality and disability‐adjusted life years (DALYs) from 1990 to 2019.MethodsData were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease study 2019, which is an open database for download. Age-standardized rate and estimated annual percentage changes (EAPC) were calculated to evaluate the burden of STIs over time.ResultsIn 2019, the total number of incident cases of STIs was 769.85 million worldwide. The age-standardized incidence rate was stable from 1990 to 2019 with the EAPC of −0.04 (95% UI: −0.09 to 0.01). In 2019, the number of deaths caused by STIs was 89.89×103, which was 15.51% lower than that of 1990 (106.52×103). A decreasing trend from 1990 to 2019 was observed in the age-standardized death and DALYs. The age-standardized death and DALYs rate due to STIs were the highest in the younger age (<14 years old). As for different diseases, syphilis was the least common STIs with an age-standardized incidence rate of 178.48/100,000, while syphilis was also the main contributor to the age-standardized death and DALYs rate. These two indicators were negatively associated with sociodemographic level.ConclusionsThe global incidence of STIs has been persistently high from 1990 to 2019, while the age-standardized death and DALYs rate has decreased recently. More attention should be paid to the younger population, patients with syphilis and regions with low sociodemographic index.

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Global Burden of Sexually Transmitted Infections: 1990 - 2019

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.3910359 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jiaofeng Huang ◽

Su Lin ◽

Jinshui Pan ◽

Lingling Lu ◽

Bang Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽

Global Burden ◽

Sexually Transmitted

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Epidemiology of sexually transmitted infections

Oxford Textbook of Medicine ◽

10.1093/med/9780199204854.003.0801 ◽

2010 ◽

pp. 1243-1249

Author(s):

David Mabey

Keyword(s):

Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽

Effective Treatment ◽

Burden Of Disease ◽

Hiv Transmission ◽

Sexual Partners ◽

Global Burden ◽

Genital Ulceration ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

Mobile Populations ◽

Increased Risk

Although accurate incidence figures are not available in most countries, sexually transmitted infections (STIs) (excluding HIV) are estimated to cause more than 5% of the global burden of disease. The burden falls especially heavily on women and infants, with more than half a million perinatal deaths attributable to syphilis annually. Mobile populations, those with many sexual partners, and those whose partners have many partners are at increased risk, and the prevalence of treatable STIs is many times higher in poor populations, who often lack access to effective treatment. Other STIs, especially those that cause genital ulceration, increase the risk of HIV transmission....

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The Global Burden of Sexually Transmitted Infections Estimated from 1990 to 2019

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1074624/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Xiaoyu Yang ◽

Dongyu Chen ◽

Hongxin Wang ◽

Wenlong Fan ◽

Xinhua Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽

Disease Burden ◽

Percentage Change ◽

Global Burden ◽

Years Of Life Lost ◽

Annual Percentage Change ◽

Development Index ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

Disability Adjusted Life ◽

Disability Adjusted Life Year

Abstract Background:To explore the burden of sexually transmitted infections at national, regional, and global levels from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study database. Methods: The number of cases and age-standardized rate of prevalence, incidence, and disability-adjusted life years were used for a descriptive study of sexually transmitted infections burden from 1990 to 2019, and secular trends were assessed by counting the estimated annual percentage change. Finding:The global prevalence of sexually transmitted infections in 2019 was 128.82 million. There were 58.15% new cases than in 1990. The disability-adjusted life year burden of sexually transmitted infections was lower among males than females and peaks among under 5 and 15- to 44-year-olds. In 2019, the global disability-adjusted life year loss was mostly attributed to years of life lost (88.23%), the higher the social development index developed, the more the number of years lived with disability contributed. In 21 regions, the age-standardized rates of disability-adjusted life year (per 100, 000 population) showed that the Caribbean remained on top. At a national level, a decreasing trend of the estimated annual percentage change of disability-adjusted life year rate had been observed. Syphilis was proved as a leading cause of heavy disease burden, which carried almost 85.9% of it. The age-standardized rates of disability-adjusted life year were in positive correlation with the human development index in 2019 and had a negative correlation with the estimated annual percentage change in 1990. Conclusion: A declining trend of sexually transmitted infections was observed globally; prevention of syphilis remained a crucial strategy in the course of reducing sexually transmitted infections burden. The findings from this research can help to establish appropriate health policy and reduce the disease burden further.

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Gonorrhea: Antimicrobial Resistance and New Drugs

Revista da Sociedade Portuguesa de Dermatologia e Venereologia ◽

10.29021/spdv.77.3.1089 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 77 (3) ◽

pp. 233-238 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Catarina Soares Queirós ◽

João Borges da Costa

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽

Prevention And Control ◽

New Drugs ◽

Public Health Issue ◽

Global Burden ◽

Transmitted Infection ◽

Major Public Health Issue ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

And Control

The global burden of sexually transmitted infections remains high, with significant associated morbidity and mortality. Gonorrhea is the second most notified sexually transmitted infection in Europe, and its incidence has been increasing in the last years. Although traditionally considered a treatable infection, antimicrobial resistance of Neisseria gonorrhoeaeincludes at present also macrolides, tetracyclines, sulfonamides and trimethoprim combinations, quinolones, and even cephalosporins. These high levels of gonococcal resistance to antimicrobials resulting in untreatable infections in the future may become one of the greatest challenges to the prevention and control of sexually transmitted infections, which may be a significant major public health issue. Therefore, the development of novel antimicrobials and/or new dual antimicrobial therapy regimens is urgently needed. In this paper, evolution of antimicrobial resistance of Neisseria gonorrhoeae is reviewed, along with new drugs currently under development for the treatment of this infection.

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