Global Burden of Sexually Transmitted Infections: 1990 - 2019

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaofeng Huang ◽  
Su Lin ◽  
Jinshui Pan ◽  
Lingling Lu ◽  
Bang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Disease Study ◽  
Incident Cases

Abstract BackgroundSexually transmitted infections (STIs) are major public health problems worldwide. Understanding the disease burden are crucial for health policy making. This study was to assess global and regional STIs incidence, mortality and disability‐adjusted life years (DALYs) from 1990 to 2019.Methods­­­­Data were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease study 2019, which is an open database for download. Age-standardized rate and estimated annual percentage changes (EAPC) were calculated to evaluate the burden of STIs over time.ResultsIn 2019, the total number of incident cases of STIs was 769.85 million worldwide. The age-standardized incidence rate was stable from 1990 to 2019 with the EAPC of −0.04 (95% UI: −0.09 to 0.01). In 2019, the number of deaths caused by STIs was 89.89×103, which was 15.51% lower than that of 1990 (106.52×103). A decreasing trend from 1990 to 2019 was observed in the age-standardized death and DALYs. The age-standardized death and DALYs rate due to STIs were the highest in the younger age (<14 years old). As for different diseases, syphilis was the least common STIs with an age-standardized incidence rate of 178.48/100,000, while syphilis was also the main contributor to the age-standardized death and DALYs rate. These two indicators were negatively associated with sociodemographic level.ConclusionsThe global incidence of STIs has been persistently high from 1990 to 2019, while the age-standardized death and DALYs rate has decreased recently. More attention should be paid to the younger population, patients with syphilis and regions with low sociodemographic index.

Time trends, associations and global burden of intraocular foreign bodies

2020 ◽  
pp. bjophthalmol-2020-317063
Author(s):  
Guangming Jin ◽  
Minjie Zou ◽  
Yichi Zhang ◽  
Aiming Chen ◽  
Charlotte Aimee Young ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Trends ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Disease Study

PurposeTo estimate the disease burden due to intraocular foreign bodies (IOFBs) and evaluate contributions of various risk factors to IOFB-associated disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs).MethodsGlobal, regional and country-level number, rate and age-standardised rate of DALYs due to IOFBs were acquired from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 database. The Human Development Index (HDI) and other region and country-level data were obtained from open databases. Time trends for number, rate and age-standardised rate of DALYs due to IOFBs were calculated. Regression analysis was used to evaluate associations between age-standardised rate of DALYs and potential predictors.ResultsGlobal DALYs due to IOFBs rose by 43.7% between 1990 (139 (95% CI 70.8 to 233) thousand) and 2017 (202 (95% CI 105 to 335) thousand). The DALY rate remained stable while the age-standardised rate decreased during this period. Higher disease burden due to IOFBs was associated with higher glaucoma prevalence (β=0.006, 95% CI 0.003 to 0.09, p<0.001), lower refractive error prevalence (β=−0.0005, 95% CI −0.0007 to −0.0002, p<0.001), and lower income (β=−0.020, 95% CI −0.035 to −0.006, p=0.007).ConclusionPredictors of a greater burden of IOFB disability generally point to lower socioeconomic level. The association with glaucoma may reflect a complication of IOFB, increasing risk of vision loss and disability.

scholarly journals Mapping the Trends in Esophageal Cancer Disease Burden in the United States: Results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Di Lu ◽  
jianxue Zhai ◽  
Jintao Zhan ◽  
Xiguang Liu ◽  
Xiaoying Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Years ◽  
Cancer Disease ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Disease Study ◽  
High Bmi

Abstract Background: Esophageal cancer is the 10th leading cancer in US but given limited research attention. This study aimed to investigate the esophageal cancer disease burden more comprehensively in US. Methods: Having retrieved states-categorized data on esophageal cancer incidence, mortality and disability-adjusted life years from the Global Burden of Disease study online resource, the current trends on esophageal cancer disease burden attributed to different risk factors and their relationship with economic status were analyzed using age-standardized rate and the estimated annual percentage change.Results: In US, the esophageal cancer age-standardized rate of incidence has been stable but age-standardized rates of mortality and disability-adjusted life years trended to decreased with estimated annual percentage changes of -0.237% and -0.471% from 1990 to 2017. Age-standardized rate of incidence was higher in males than in females, but both didn’t increase, so as age-standardized rates of mortality and disability-adjusted life years. The largest increase in age-standardized rates of incidence, mortality and disability-adjusted life years was observed in Oklahoma, whereas the largest decrease was seen in the District of Columbia. Age-standardized rates of mortality and disability-adjusted life years contributed to high BMI or diet low in fruits were growing. per capita disposable personal income trended to negatively correlated with estimated annual percentage changes of incidence, mortality and disability-adjusted life years.Conclusions: The esophageal cancer disease burden in US decreased from 1990 to 2017 but was heavier in males than in females, and increased in economically weaker states and populations with high BMI and low-fruit diet.

scholarly journals The Global Burden of Sexually Transmitted Infections Estimated from 1990 to 2019

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyu Yang ◽  
Dongyu Chen ◽  
Hongxin Wang ◽  
Wenlong Fan ◽  
Xinhua Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Percentage Change ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Annual Percentage Change ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Year

Abstract Background:To explore the burden of sexually transmitted infections at national, regional, and global levels from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study database. Methods: The number of cases and age-standardized rate of prevalence, incidence, and disability-adjusted life years were used for a descriptive study of sexually transmitted infections burden from 1990 to 2019, and secular trends were assessed by counting the estimated annual percentage change. Finding:The global prevalence of sexually transmitted infections in 2019 was 128.82 million. There were 58.15% new cases than in 1990. The disability-adjusted life year burden of sexually transmitted infections was lower among males than females and peaks among under 5 and 15- to 44-year-olds. In 2019, the global disability-adjusted life year loss was mostly attributed to years of life lost (88.23%), the higher the social development index developed, the more the number of years lived with disability contributed. In 21 regions, the age-standardized rates of disability-adjusted life year (per 100, 000 population) showed that the Caribbean remained on top. At a national level, a decreasing trend of the estimated annual percentage change of disability-adjusted life year rate had been observed. Syphilis was proved as a leading cause of heavy disease burden, which carried almost 85.9% of it. The age-standardized rates of disability-adjusted life year were in positive correlation with the human development index in 2019 and had a negative correlation with the estimated annual percentage change in 1990. Conclusion: A declining trend of sexually transmitted infections was observed globally; prevention of syphilis remained a crucial strategy in the course of reducing sexually transmitted infections burden. The findings from this research can help to establish appropriate health policy and reduce the disease burden further.

scholarly journals The trends in global, regional, and national incidence of pneumoconiosis caused by different etiologies: an analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Shi ◽  
Xiaoyue Xing ◽  
Shuhua Xi ◽  
Hongmei Jing ◽  
Jiamei Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Incidence Trends ◽  
The World ◽  
Disease Study ◽  
Incident Cases

Abstract Pneumoconiosis has the potential to cause progressive and permanent physical disability. And continues to be one of major public health concern across the world. However, our literature searches identified a scarcity of data about global prevalence of pneumoconiosis. Accurate data on the incidence of pneumoconiosis is critical for health resource planning and health policy development. We therefore aimed to determine the pattern of pneumoconiosis incidence and temporal trends. Methods: Annual incident cases and age standardized incidence rates on pneumoconiosis etiology between 1990-2017 were collected from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. We calculate the average annual percentage changes of age standardized incidence rates by sex, region, and etiology to determine incidence trends of pneumoconiosis. Results: Globally, the number of pneumoconiosis cases increased 66.0% from 36,186 in 1990 to 60,055 in 2017. The overall age standardized incidence rate decreased by an average 0.6% (95% CI: 0.5%, 0.6%) per year in the same period. The age standardized incidence rate of silicosis, asbestosis, and other pneumoconiosis decreased between 1990 and 2017. The corresponding average annual percentage changes were -0.8%, -0.9%, and -0.5%, respectively. The age standardized incidence rate of asbestosis displayed an increasing trend. At the same time, we also found a significant negative association was found between average annual percentage changes and socio-demographic indexs when the socio-demographic index above 0.7. Conclusions: Pneumoconiosis remains a major occupational health illnesses in the world. Incidence patterns of pneumoconiosis caused by different etiologies were heterogeneous across regions and countries. We observed an unfavorable trend that asbestosis was predominant in countries with a high socio-demographic index, though we have attained great achievements in silicosis and coal workers’ pneumoconiosis prevention. The information in this study suggests that some countries should establish more targeted and specific strategies to forestall the increase in pneumoconiosis.

scholarly journals The relative importance and stability of disease burden causes over time: summarizing regional trends on disease burden for 290 causes over 28 years

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Dyson ◽  
Raf Van Gestel ◽  
Eddy van Doorslaer
Keyword(s):  
Disease Burden ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Regional Trends ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Causes Of Disease ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Disease Study ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background Since the Global Burden of Disease study (GBD) has become more comprehensive, data for hundreds of causes of disease burden, measured using Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs), have become increasingly available for almost every part of the world. However, undergoing any systematic comparative analysis of the trends can be challenging given the quantity of data that must be presented. Methods We use the GBD data to describe trends in cause-specific DALY rates for eight regions. We quantify the extent to which the importance of ‘major’ DALY causes changes relative to ‘minor’ DALY causes over time by decomposing changes in the Gini coefficient into ‘proportionality’ and ‘reranking’ indices. Results The fall in regional DALY rates since 1990 has been accompanied by generally positive proportionality indices and reranking indices of negligible magnitude. However, the rate at which DALY rates have been falling has slowed and, at the same time, proportionality indices have tended towards zero. These findings are clearest where the focus is exclusively upon non-communicable diseases. Notably, large and positive proportionality indices are recorded for sub-Saharan Africa over the last decade. Conclusion The positive proportionality indices show that disease burden has become less concentrated around the leading causes over time, and this trend has become less prominent as the DALY rate decline has slowed. The recent decline in disease burden in sub-Saharan Africa is disproportionally driven by improvements in DALY rates for HIV/AIDS, as well as for malaria, diarrheal diseases, and lower respiratory infections.

scholarly journals The global, regional, and national burden of acute pancreatitis in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang-li Li ◽  
Meng Jiang ◽  
Chun-qiu Pan ◽  
Jian Li ◽  
Li-gang Xu
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disease ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Global Age ◽  
National Burden ◽  
Geographically Targeted ◽  
Disease Study ◽  
Incident Cases ◽  
Standardized Mortality Rate

Abstract Background Acute pancreatitis is a common and potentially lethal gastrointestinal disease, but literatures for the disease burden are scarce for many countries. Understanding the current burden of acute pancreatitis and the different trends across various countries is essential for formulating effective preventive intervenes. We aimed to report the incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) caused by acute pancreatitis in 204 countries and territories between 1990 and 2019. Methods Estimates from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 (GBD 2019) were used to analyze the epidemiology of acute pancreatitis at the global, regional, and national levels. We also reported the correlation between development status and acute pancreatitis’ age-standardized DALY rates, and calculated DALYs attributable to alcohol etiology that had evidence of causation with acute pancreatitis. All of the estimates were shown as counts and age-standardized rates per 100,000 person-years. Results There were 2,814,972.3 (95% UI 2,414,361.3–3,293,591.8) incident cases of acute pancreatitis occurred in 2019 globally; 1,273,955.2 (1,098,304.6–1,478,594.1) in women and 1,541,017.1 (1,307,264.4–1,814,454.3) in men. The global age-standardized incidence rate declined from 37.9/100,000 to 34.8/100,000 during 1990–2019, an annual decrease of 8.4% (5.9–10.4%). In 2019, there were 115,053.2 (104,304.4–128,173.4) deaths and 3,641,105.7 (3,282,952.5–4,026,948.1) DALYs due to acute pancreatitis. The global age-standardized mortality rate decreased by 17.2% (6.6–27.1%) annually from 1.7/100,000 in 1990 to 1.4/100,000 in 2019; over the same period, the age-standardized DALY rate declined by 17.6% (7.8–27.0%) annually. There were substantial differences in the incidence, mortality and DALYs across regions. Alcohol etiology attributed to a sizable fraction of acute pancreatitis-related deaths, especially in the high and high-middle SDI regions. Conclusion Substantial variation existed in the burden of acute pancreatitis worldwide, and the overall burden remains high with aging population. Geographically targeted considerations are needed to tailor future intervenes to relieve the burden of acute pancreatitis in specific countries, especially for Eastern Europe.

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