scholarly journals Effect of self-collection of HPV DNA offered by community health workers at home visits on uptake of screening for cervical cancer (the EMA study): a population-based cluster-randomised trial

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. e85-e94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvina Arrossi ◽  
Laura Thouyaret ◽  
Rolando Herrero ◽  
Alicia Campanera ◽  
Adriana Magdaleno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Community Health Workers ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Randomised Trial ◽  
Home Visits ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cluster Randomised Trial ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Cluster Randomised

Abstract P303: Use of Community Health Workers for Community-based Hypertension Screening in Urban Haiti

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Caleigh Smith ◽  
Vanessa Rivera ◽  
Jean Joscar Victor ◽  
Lookens Pierre ◽  
Fabyola Preval ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Community Health Workers ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Linkage To Care ◽  
Median Number ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Blood Pressure Screening

Background: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality among Haitian adults, and hypertension (HTN) is the most important CVD risk factor, as in other resource-poor countries. The majority of Haitians have never been screened for hypertension and access to clinic-based services is limited. Methods: Twenty-eight Haitian community health workers (CHW) conducted household-based HTN screening within a population-based longitudinal cohort study of 3,000 adults in metropolitan Port-au-Prince. Randomly selected GPS locations across census blocks were selected in proportion to the estimated population of each block. One household at each waypoint was selected systematically and CHW collected household information and conducted three blood pressure measurements the same day on all adult household members (≥ 18 years) present at the time of the survey using AHA guidelines. Adults with HTN were referred to the GHESKIO clinic for repeat BP measurement and treatment. Results: Between March and September 2019, 585 households provided verbal consent for surveys and BP screening (97% response rate). These households had a total of 2542 people (1777 adults) with the median number of adults per household being 3 (IQR 2-4; range 1-9). A total of 913 adults (51%) were present at the time of survey, and all agreed to blood pressure screening. The majority were women (70%) with a median age of 36 years (IQR 27-52). Hypertension prevalence (SBP > 140 and/or DBP > 90) was 25.3% (15.5% Stage I, 9.8% Stage II). Figure 1 reports HTN prevalence by age group (18-30, 31-45, 46-60, >60) and by sex, with HTN increasing by age group but without significant variation by sex. Conclusion: Community blood pressure screening is feasible and highly acceptable in Port-au-Prince, Haiti. Preliminary results show high rates of HTN among a population with limited access to screening, diagnosis and treatment. Further research is urgently needed to design linkage to care strategies and effective treatment interventions to curb the HTN epidemic in Haiti.

scholarly journals Village-Integrated Eye Worker trial (VIEW): rationale and design of a cluster-randomised trial to prevent corneal ulcers in resource-limited settings

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. e021556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kieran S O’Brien ◽  
Raghunandan Byanju ◽  
Ram Prasad Kandel ◽  
Bimal Poudyal ◽  
Mariya Gautam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Health ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Randomised Trial ◽  
Cluster Randomised Trial ◽  
Corneal Ulceration ◽  
Resource Limited Settings ◽  
Corneal Ulcers ◽  
Cluster Randomised ◽  
Resource Limited

IntroductionCorneal opacity is a leading cause of blindness worldwide. In resource-limited settings, untreated traumatic corneal abrasions may result in infection and ultimately, opacity. Although antimicrobial treatment of corneal ulcers may successfully cure infections, the scarring that accompanies the resolution of infection can still result in visual impairment. Prevention may be the optimal approach for reducing corneal blindness. Studies have employed community health workers to provide prompt administration of antimicrobials after corneal abrasions to prevent infections, but these studies were not designed to determine the effectiveness of such a programme.Methods and analysisThe Village-Integrated Eye Worker trial (VIEW) is a cluster-randomised trial designed to assess the effectiveness of a community health worker intervention to prevent corneal ulcers. Twenty-four Village Development Committees (VDCs) in Nepal were randomised to receive a corneal ulcer prevention programme or to no intervention. Female Community Health Volunteers (FCHVs) in intervention VDCs are trained to diagnose corneal abrasions, provide antimicrobials and to refer participants when needed. An annual census is conducted over 3 years in all study VDCs to assess the incidence of corneal ulceration via corneal photography (primary outcome). Masked outcome assessors grade corneal photographs to determine the presence or absence of incident corneal opacities. The primary analysis is negative binomial regression to compare the incidence of corneal ulceration by study arm.Ethics and disseminationThe University of California San Francisco Committee on Human Research, Nepal Netra Jyoti Sangh and the Nepal Health Research Council have given ethical approval for the trial. The results of this trial will be presented at local and international meetings and submitted to peer-reviewed journals for publication.Trial registration numberNCT01969786; Pre-results.

scholarly journals Examining Home Visits from Community Health Workers to Help Patients Manage Asthma Symptoms

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jim Stout ◽  
Roxana Chen ◽  
Stephanie Farquhar ◽  
Bradley Kramer ◽  
Lin Song
Keyword(s):  
Community Health ◽  
Community Health Workers ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Home Visits ◽  
Asthma Symptoms

Evaluation of human papillomavirus self-collection offered by community health workers at home visits among under-screened women in Brazil

2020 ◽  
pp. 096914132094105
Author(s):  
Naitielle de Paula Pantano ◽  
José H Fregnani ◽  
Júlio CP Resende ◽  
Luiz C Zeferino ◽  
Bruno de Oliveira Fonseca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Community Health Workers ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Adult Women

Objective To explore the acceptability of high-risk human papillomavirus self-testing, involving community health workers, for never/under-screened Brazilian women. Cervical cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related death among adult women in a large number of low-income and lower-middle-income countries, where it remains a major public health problem. High-risk human papillomavirus persistence is required for the development of cervical neoplasia. Methods The target population was all women aged 30+ from the list of families available in healthcare centre data, who had never been screened or were not screened in the previous 3 years (under-screened women), and who were living in the 17 cities included in this study. Results Of the 377 women included, 16.9% ( n = 64) had never had a pap smear. Of all samples included in the study, 97.1% ( n = 366) were considered adequate for evaluation, as 2.9% ( n = 11) were considered invalid for all high-risk human papillomavirus types. Analysing these 366 samples, 9.6% ( n = 35) of the women were infected by at least one high-risk human papillomavirus type and 90.4% ( n = 331) had no infection with any high-risk type of the virus. Conclusions Vaginal self-sampling is an adequate strategy to improve the effectiveness of the cervical cancer program by increasing screening in a high-risk group.

scholarly journals Role of home visits by volunteer community health workers: to improve the coverage of micronutrient powders in rural Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haribondhu Sarma ◽  
Mduduzi NN Mbuya ◽  
Md Tariqujjaman ◽  
Mahfuzur Rahman ◽  
Sufia Askari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Health ◽  
Community Health Workers ◽  
Home Visit ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Home Visits ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Effective Coverage ◽  
Micronutrient Powder ◽  
Independent Effects

Abstract Objective: We assessed the role of home visits by Shasthya Shebika (SS) – female volunteer community health workers (CHWs) – in improving the distribution of micronutrient powder (MNP), and explored the independent effects of caregiver–provider interaction on coverage variables. Design: We used data from three cross-sectional surveys undertaken at baseline (n 1927), midline (n 1924) and endline (n 1540) as part of an evaluation of a home fortification programme. We defined an exposure group as one that had at least one SS visit to the caregiver’s household in the 12 months preceding the survey considering three outcome variables – message (ever heard), contact (ever used) and effective coverage (regular used) of MNP. We performed multiple logistic regressions to explore the determinants of coverage, employed an ‘interaction term’ and calculated an odds ratio (OR) to assess the modifying effect of SS’s home visits on coverage. Settings: Sixty-eight sub-districts from ten districts of Bangladesh. Participants: Children aged 6–59 months and their caregivers. Results: A home visit from an SS positively impacts message coverage at both midline (ratio of OR 1·70; 95 % CI 1·25, 2·32; P < 0·01) and endline (ratio of OR 3·58; 95 % CI 2·22, 5·78; P < 0·001), and contact coverage both at midline (ratio of OR 1·48; 95 % CI 1·06, 2·07; P = 0·021) and endline (ratio of OR 1·74; 95 % CI 1·23, 2·47; P = 0·002). There was no significant effect of a SS’s home visit on effective coverage. Conclusions: The households visited by BRAC’s volunteer CHWs have better message and contact coverage among the children aged 6–59 months.

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