scholarly journals Disparities in cancer screening in people with mental illness across the world versus the general population: prevalence and comparative meta-analysis including 4 717 839 people

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Solmi ◽  
Joseph Firth ◽  
Alessandro Miola ◽  
Michele Fornaro ◽  
Elisabetta Frison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
General Population ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Population Prevalence ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
The World

scholarly journals A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Mental Illness Symptoms in Spain in the COVID-19 Crisis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Z. Chen ◽  
Stephen X. Zhang ◽  
Wen Xu ◽  
Allen Yin ◽  
Rebecca Kechen Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
General Population ◽  
Adult Students ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
Insomnia Symptoms

AbstractObjectiveThis paper systematically reviews and assesses the prevalence of anxiety, depression, and insomnia symptoms in the general population, frontline healthcare workers (HCWs), and adult students in Spain during the COVID-19 crisis.Data sourcesArticles in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and medRxiv from March 2020 to February 6, 2021.ResultsThe pooled prevalence of anxiety symptoms in 23 studies comprising a total sample of 85,560 was 20% (95% CI: 15% - 25%, I2 = 99.9%), that of depression symptoms in 23 articles with a total sample comprising of 86,469 individuals was 23% (95% CI: 18% - 28%, I2 = 99.8%), and that of insomnia symptoms in 4 articles with a total sample of 915 were 52% (95% CI: 42-64%, I2 = 88.9%). The overall prevalence of mental illness symptoms in frontline HCWs, general population, and students in Spain are 42%, 19%, and 50%, respectively.DiscussionThe accumulative evidence from the meta-analysis reveals that adults in Spain suffered higher prevalence rates of mental illness symptoms during the COVID-19 crisis with a significantly higher rate relative to other countries such as China. Our synthesis reveals high heterogeneity, varying prevalence rates and a relative lack of studies in frontline and general HCWs in Spain, calling future research and interventions to pay attention to those gaps to help inform evidence-based mental health policymaking and practice in Spain during the continuing COVID-19 crisis. The high prevalence rates call for preventative and prioritization measures of the mental illness symptoms during the Covid-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Review of smoking cessation treatments for people with mental illness

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 208-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Campion ◽  
Ken Checinski ◽  
Jo Nurse
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
General Population ◽  
Antipsychotic Medication ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
People With Mental Illness

This article reviews the current literature regarding treatments for smoking cessation in both the general population and in those with mental health problems. The gold-standard treatment for the general population is pharmacotherapy (nicotine replacement therapy, bupropion or varenicline) coupled with individual or group psychological support. This is also effective in helping people with mental illness to reduce or quit smoking, but care must be taken to avoid adverse medication interactions and to monitor antipsychotic medication in particular as cigarette consumption reduces.

scholarly journals Applying the World Health Organization Mental Health Action Plan to evaluate policy on addressing co-occurrence of physical and mental illnesses in Australia

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brenda Happell ◽  
Chris Platania-Phung ◽  
Stephanie Webster ◽  
Brian McKenna ◽  
Freyja Millar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
National Level ◽  
World Health ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Action ◽  
Health Action Plan

Objectives The aim of the present study was to document Australian policies on the physical health of people with mental illness and evaluate the capacity of policy to support health needs. Methods A search of state and federal policies on mental and physical illness was conducted, as well as detailed analysis of policy content and the relationships between policies, by applying the World Health Organization Mental Health Action Plan 2013–2020 as an evaluative framework. Results National policy attention to the physical health of people with mental illness has grown, but there is little interconnection at the national and state levels. State policies across the country are inconsistent, and there is little evidence of consistent policy implementation. Conclusions A coherent national health policy framework on addressing co-occurring physical and mental illnesses that includes healthcare system reforms and ensuring the interconnectedness of other relevant services should be prioritised. What is known about the topic? People with mental illness have a lower life expectancy and poorer physical health than people who do not have a mental illness. Government policy is critical to reducing inequalities in physical health and increasing longevity. What does this paper add? Evaluating policy developments against the World Health Organization’s Mental Health Action Plan 2013–2020, this review identified a lack of cohesive national-level policy on how to improve the physical health of people with mental illness. Although there are some state-based policies regarding strategies for better prevention and management of the physical health of people with mental illness, evidence of policy implementation is either scarce or inconsistent. The capacity of current policy to translate into reforms that increase the physical and overall health of people suffering mental health difficulties seems very limited. What are the implications for practitioners? This paper outlines major policy gaps and an overall need for a national-level policy. National-level leadership on integrated health care is required, with monitoring to ensure health care reforms are genuinely informed by consumer and clinician views and are effective.

scholarly journals Attitudes towards the people with mental illness: comparison between Czech medical doctors and general population

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (9) ◽  
pp. 1265-1273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Winkler ◽  
Karolína Mladá ◽  
Miroslava Janoušková ◽  
Aneta Weissová ◽  
Eva Tušková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
General Population ◽  
Medical Doctors ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
The People

Innovative Technology-Based Interventions to Reduce Stigma Toward People With Mental Illness: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matías E. Rodríguez-Rivas ◽  
Adolfo J. Cangas ◽  
Laura A. Cariola ◽  
Jorge J. Varela ◽  
Sara Valdebenito
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Video Games ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Medium Effect ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Public Stigma ◽  
People With Mental Illness

BACKGROUND Stigma towards people with mental illness presents serious consequences for the affected individuals, such as social exclusion and increased difficulties in the recovery process. Recently, several interventions have been developed to mitigate public stigma, based on the use of innovative technologies, such as virtual reality and video games. OBJECTIVE To systematically review, synthesize, measure, and critically discuss experimental studies that measure the effect of technological interventions and on stigmatization levels. METHODS This systematic review and meta-analysis was based on PRISMA guidelines, and included studies in English and Spanish published during the years 2016 and 2021. Searches were run in five different databases (i.e., Pubmed, PsycInfo, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Science Direct). Only randomized controlled trials were included. Two independent reviewers determined the eligibility, extracted data, and rated methodological quality of the studies. Meta-analyses were performed using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software. RESULTS Based on the 1,158 articles screened, 72 articles were evaluated as full text, of which 9 articles were included in the qualitative and quantitative synthesis. A diversity of interventions was observed, including video games, audiovisual simulation of hallucinations, virtual reality, and electronic contact with mental health services users. The meta-analysis (n= 1,832 participants) demonstrated that these interventions had a consistent medium effect on reducing the level of public stigma (d=–0.64 95% CI 0.31-0.96; P<.001). CONCLUSIONS Innovative interventions involving the use of technologies are an effective tool in stigma reduction, therefore new challenges are proposed and discussed for the demonstration of their adaptability to different contexts and countries, thus leading to their massification.

Early mortality and mental illness: ‘Fatal’ Discrimination

2015 ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
Anindya Das ◽  
Mohan Rao ◽  
Mercian Daniel
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
General Population ◽  
Health Systems ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Early Mortality ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
And Behavior

Worldwide research has provided evidence of premature death in people with mental illness (as compared to the general population). Moreover, in recent decades, the mortality gap between the preceding two groups has not shown any decline even in countries with the most accessible/responsive health systems. This essay considers mortality to be influenced by a multiplicity of factors, many of which, in addition, influence the rate of occurrence and recovery from mental illnesses. The essay examines these factors and analyses them through the lens of structural discrimination (defined as institutional and social structures that perpetuate norms, practices and behavior that deny opportunities/rights to others, often members of a minority). The implications for India in this regard are also reflected upon.

scholarly journals Death rate from ischaemic heart disease in Western Australian psychiatric patients 1980–1998

2003 ◽  
Vol 182 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Lawrence ◽  
Cashel D'Arcy ◽  
J. Holman ◽  
Assen V. Jablensky ◽  
Michael S. T. Hobbs
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
General Population ◽  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Ischaemic Heart Disease ◽  
Excess Mortality ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Admission Rates ◽  
People With Mental Illness

BackgroundPeople with mental illness suffer excess mortality due to physical illnesses.AimsTo investigate the association between mental illness and ischaemic heart disease (IHD) hospital admissions, revascularisation procedures and deaths.MethodA population-based record-linkage study of 210 129 users of mental health services in Western Australia during 1980–1998. IHD mortality rates, hospital admission rates and rates of revascularisation procedures were compared with those of the general population.ResultsIHD (not suicide) was the major cause of excess mortality in psychiatric patients. In contrast to the rate in the general population, the IHS mortality rate in psychiatric patients did not diminish over time. There was little difference in hospital admission rates for IHD between psychiatric patients and the general community, but much lower rates of revascularisation procedures with psychiatric patients, particularly in people with psychoses.ConclusionsPeople with mental illness do not receive an equitable level of intervention for IHD. More attention to their general medical care is needed.

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