scholarly journals Financial and Labor Benefits of the Individual TB Risk Assessment Model for Annual TB Screening

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s234-s234
Author(s):  
Kristin Sims ◽  
Roger Stienecker
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Health Care Personnel ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Tuberculosis Screening ◽  
Hospital System ◽  
National Tuberculosis ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Cost

Background: Since 1991, US tuberculosis (TB) rates have declined, including among health care personnel (HCP). Non–US born persons accounted for approximately two-thirds of cases. Serial TB testing has limitations in populations at low risk; it is expensive and labor intensive. Method: We moved a large hospital system from facility-level risk stratification to an individual risk model to guide TB screening based on Tuberculosis Screening, Testing, and Treatment of US Health Care Personnel: Recommendations from the National Tuberculosis Controllers Association and CDC, 2019. This process included individual TB risk assessment, symptom evaluation, TB testing for M. tuberculosis infection (by either IGRA or TST) for HCP without documented evidence of prior LTBI or TB disease, with an additional workup for TB disease for HCP with positive test results or symptoms compatible with TB disease. In addition, employees with specific job codes deemed high risk were required to undergo TB screening. Result: In 2018, this hospital system of ~10,000 employees screened 7,556 HCP for TB at a cost of $348,625. In 2019, the cost of the T Spot test increased from $45 to $100 and the cost of screening 5,754 HCP through October 31, 2019, was $543,057. In 2020, it is anticipated that 755 HCP will be screened, saving the hospital an estimated minimum of $467,557. The labor burden associated with employee health personnel will fall from ~629.66 hours to 62.91 hours. The labor burden associated with pulling HCPs from the bedside to be screened will be reduced from 629.66 hours to 62.91 hours as well. Conclusion: Adoption of the individual risk assessment model for TB screening based on Tuberculosis Screening, Testing, and Treatment of US Health Care Personnel: Recommendations from the National Tuberculosis Controllers Association and CDC, 2019 will greatly reduce financial and labor burdens in healthcare settings when implemented.Funding: NoneDisclosures: None

scholarly journals Tuberculosis screening, testing, and treatment of U.S. health care personnel: Recommendations from the National Tuberculosis Controllers Association and CDC , 2019

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 2383-2387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynn E. Sosa ◽  
Gibril J. Njie ◽  
Mark N. Lobato ◽  
Sapna Bamrah Morris ◽  
William Buchta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Personnel ◽  
Tuberculosis Screening ◽  
National Tuberculosis

scholarly journals APPLICATION OF MACHINE LEARNING METHODS TO THE CALCULATION OF BANK'S RETURN ON EQUITY UNDER A LOAN AGREEMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 230-235
Author(s):  
M.A. Shirobokova ◽  
A.V. Letchikov
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Model ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Survival Models ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Learning Methods ◽  
Return On Equity ◽  
Machine Learning Methods ◽  
The Individual

The requirements for a more accurate assessment of the individual risk of a borrower became more complicated with the introduction of Basel II and IFRS 9. Such risk assessment is more and more often carried out using the construction of scoring models, however, as a rule, the Gini coefficient acts as a quality criterion for the constructed models, and the influence of modeling on financial component, namely on the return on equity, which acts as the basis for doing business in the field of lending, is not investigated at all. In this regard, the article proposes a methodology for assessing the return on equity without taking into account risk and its complication by taking into account the individual risk of a borrower. The construction of a dynamic model for assessing credit risk in the article is considered on the basis of survival models constructed by machine learning methods. The problem of accounting for censored data is solved using specific construction of variables for the model and methods that take into account censorship: logistic regression, Cox proportional risk model, random survival forest model. On the example of the data of a regional commercial bank, the return on equity is estimated and compared, depending on the choice of a risk assessment model. The result of the study is the conclusion that it is necessary to apply the methodology for calculating the return on equity taking into account risk assessed by the machine learning method.

scholarly journals Risk in the scope of research and innovative technological projects

2020 ◽  
pp. 58-67
Author(s):  
Rafał Hubicki ◽  
Maria Richert ◽  
Piotr Łebkowski ◽  
Joanna Kulczycka ◽  
Asja Mrotzek-Bloess
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Assessment Methods ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Fruitful Cooperation ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Risk Categories ◽  
Management Of Risk

Assessment and management of risk constitute the subject of many researches. Nevertheless, many more specific factors are applicable during the implementation of innovative technological projects. On the article identified risk factors, which have been supplemented, systematized and assigned to the individual risk categories. The risk assessment methods for R&D projects have been analysed, as well as the risk sheets have been developed for the R&D project through the use of dotProject application. Also shown that networking and clustering is a change for fruitful cooperation within difference EU projects, which create trust between business and sciences and reduce the risk.

scholarly journals Variation in the Cost of Radiation Therapy Among Medicare Patients With Cancer

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 403-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony J. Paravati ◽  
Isabel J. Boero ◽  
Daniel P. Triplett ◽  
Lindsay Hwang ◽  
Rayna K. Matsuno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Health Care Expenditure ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Medicare Patients ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Cost

Factors unrelated to the individual patient accounted for the majority of variation in the cost of radiation therapy, suggesting potential inefficiency in health care expenditure.

How health care regionalisation in Italy is widening the North–South gap

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Toth
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
The South ◽  
Hospital System ◽  
The North ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
Italian National Health Service ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
System 2 ◽  
The Individual

AbstractThe Italian National Health Service began experimenting with a significant regionalisation process during the 1990s. The purpose of this article is to assess the effects that this regionalisation process is having on the rift between the north and the south of the country. Has the gap between the health care systems of the northern and southern regions been increasing or decreasing during the 1999–2009 decade? Three indicators will be utilised to answer this question: (1) the level of satisfaction expressed by the citizens towards the regional hospital system; (2) the mobility of the patients among regions; (3) the health care deficit accumulated by the individual regions. On the basis of these three indicators, there is evidence to conclude that, during the decade under study, the gap between the North and the South, already significant, has increased further.

scholarly journals IOT Based Health Monitoring System

2019 ◽  
pp. 501-504
Author(s):  
Inkollu Gowri Ramya Sri ◽  
Sravani Konduru ◽  
Pravallika Madiraju ◽  
Jetty Bindu Mahitha ◽  
V. Koteswara Rao
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
The Body ◽  
Transformative Change ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Cost Of Health Care ◽  
Practice Of Medicine ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Cost ◽  
New Generation

Among many applications enabled by the Internet of Things (IoT), smart and connected health care is a particularly important one. Networked sensors, either worn on the body or embedded in our living environments, make possible the gathering of rich information indicative of our physical and mental health. Captured on a continual basis, aggregated, and effectively mined, such information can bring about a positive transformative change in the health care landscape. In particular, the availability of data until now coupled with a new generation of intelligent processing algorithms can: (a) facilitate an evolution in the practice of medicine, from the current post facto diagnose-and treat reactive paradigm, to a proactive framework for prognosis of diseases at an incipient stage, coupled with prevention, cure, and overall management of health instead of disease, (b) enable personalization of treatment and management options targeted particularly to the specific circumstances and needs of the individual, and (c) help reduce the cost of health care while simultaneously improving outcomes. In this paper, we highlight the opportunities and challenges for IOT in realizing this vision of the future of health care.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Risk Assessment Questions Based on Loss-Averse Preferences

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Guillemette ◽  
Rui Yao ◽  
Russell N. James
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Loss Aversion ◽  
Expected Utility Theory ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Monetary Loss ◽  
Composite Measures ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Risk Assessment ◽  
Assessment Questions

A variety of risk assessment questionnaires are used within the financial planning profession to assess client risk preferences. Evidence indicates that the average person overweighs losses relative to an arbitrary reference point. This paper evaluated risk assessment questions on how well they correlate with monetary loss aversion. Twenty-nine Western Texas residents between the ages of 27 and 56 participated in experimental research and filled out several risk assessment questionnaires. Two weeks later their levels of loss aversion were measured using monetary gain and loss scenarios. The individual risk assessment questions were placed into three categories: expected utility theory, prospect theory and self-assessment. Composite measures were created for within-group and between-group comparisons. Statistically significant correlations were found between monetary loss aversion and different composite measures. The results provide financial planners with a group of risk assessment questions that capture loss-averse preferences.

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