The European Paromomyidae (Primates, Mammalia): taxonomy, phylogeny, and biogeographic implications

2018 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. 920-937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergi López-Torres ◽  
Mary T. Silcox
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Early Eocene ◽  
Special Relationship ◽  
Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Land Bridge ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Migration Event ◽  
Primitive Member

AbstractPlesiadapiforms represent the first radiation of Primates, appearing near the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary. Eleven families of plesiadapiforms are recognized, including the Paromomyidae. Four species of paromomyids from the early Eocene have been reported from Europe:Arcius fuscusRussell et al., 1967,Arcius lapparentiRussell et al., 1967, andArcius rougieriGodinot, 1984 from France andArcius zbyszewskiiEstravís, 2000 from Portugal. OtherArciusspecimens from the early Eocene are known from Masia de l’Hereuet (Spain), Abbey Wood (England), and Sotteville-sur-Mer (Normandy, France). A cladistic analysis of the European paromomyids has never previously been published. A total of 53 dental characters were analyzed for the fourArciusspecies and the specimens from Spain, England, and Normandy. The results of a parsimony analysis using TNT agree with previous conceptions ofA. zbyszewskiias the most primitive member of the genus. Consistent with existing hypotheses,Arcius rougieriis positioned as the sister taxon ofA. fuscusandA. lapparenti, and the results suggest that the fossil from Normandy isA. zbyszewskii. However, the English fossil pertains to a primitive lineage, rather than grouping withA. lapparentias had been suggested; as such it is recognized here as a distinct species (Arcius hookerinew species). The Spanish fossils cluster together with the French species but do not show the previously proposed special relationship withA. lapparentiand are sufficiently distinct to be placed in a new species (Arcius ilerdensis).Arciusis recovered as monophyletic, which is consistent with a single migration event from North America to Europe around the earliest Eocene through the Greenland land bridge.UUID:http://zoobank.org/f4aac438-82d2-4a25-887b-3e0c072d87f6

Description of a new species of the genus Onconeura Andersen et Sæther (Diptera: Chironomidae) from Argentina with a cladistic analysis of the genus

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3580 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
MARIANO DONATO ◽  
AUGUSTO SIRI ◽  
MELINA MAUAD
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Qualitative Characters ◽  
First Time ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Combined Data

The male, female and immature stages of the new species Onconeura analiae from Argentina are described and figured. A parsimony analysis including the seven known species of the genus plus the new species, using a combined data set of continuous and qualitative characters, was conducted in order to assess the phylogenetic position of the new species and to give for the first time a phylogenetic hypothesis of the genus.

Odontopleura (Trilobita, Silurian), and a method of constrained congruency analysis

1990 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 600-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan M. Adrain ◽  
Brian D. E. Chatterton
Keyword(s):  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Canadian Arctic ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Directed Tree ◽  
Shelf Slope ◽  
Major Species ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
The Universe ◽  
A New Species

Odontopleura (Odontopleura) arctica, a new species of odontopleurine trilobite, is described from the Canadian Arctic. A method of cladistic analysis is detailed. Parsimony analysis should be performed treating all characters as unordered. The universe of directed trees implied by the resulting rootless network(s) can then be examined and a preferred tree selected by a criterion of congruency. Namely, the most parsimonious directed tree that accommodates the most congruent arrangement of character-states should be taken as the preferred cladogram. Since this is essentially a general congruency method operating within the constraints of parsimony, it is termed “constrained congruency.” The method is applied to the genus Odontopleura, resulting in the recognition of two major species groups, the nominate subgenus and Sinespinaspis n. subgen. Odontopleura (Ivanopleura) dufrenoyi Barrande is tentatively included in the genus, but considered too poorly known for cladistic analysis. Species assigned to Odontopleura (Odontopleura) include Odontopleura ovata Emmrich, Odontopleura brevigena Chatterton and Perry, Odontopleura (Odontopleura) arctica n. sp., and Diacanthaspis serotina Apollonov. Species assigned to Sinespinaspis n. subgen. include Taemasaspis llandoveryana Šnajdr, Odontopleura greenwoodi Chatterton and Perry, Odontopleura maccallai Chatterton and Perry, and Odontopleura nehedensis Chatterton and Perry. Odontopleura bombini Chatterton and Perry is tentatively placed in synonymy with Odontopleura nehedensis. The genus had a wide distribution throughout the Early and Middle Silurian, due to preferences for deep-water, distal shelf or shelf-slope transition zone habitats.

scholarly journals Multigene phylogeny and morphology reveal Phaeobotryon rhois sp. nov. (Botryosphaeriales, Ascomycota)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 205 (2) ◽  
pp. 90 ◽  
Author(s):  
XIN-LEI FAN ◽  
KEVIN D. HYDE ◽  
JIAN-KUI LIU ◽  
YING-MEI LIANG ◽  
CHENG-MING TIAN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Multigene Phylogeny ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Canker Disease ◽  
Multigene Analysis ◽  
The Family ◽  
Rhus Typhina ◽  
A New Species

The family Botryosphaeriaceae encompasses important plant-associated pathogens, endophytes and saprobes with a wide geographical and host distribution. Two dark-spored botryosphaeriaceous taxa associated with Rhus typhina dieback and canker disease were collected from Ningxia Province, in northwestern China. Morphology and multigene analysis (ITS, LSU and EF-1α) clearly distinguished this clade as a distinct species in the genus. Phaeobotryon rhois is introduced and illustrated as a new species in this paper. The species is characterized by its globose, unilocular fruiting bodies and small, brown, 1-septate conidia. It can be distinguished from the similar species P. cercidis, P. cupressi, P. mamane and P. quercicola based on host association and conidial size and colour.

The genus Arctomelon Dall, 1915 in Alaskan waters, with the description of a new species

The Festivus ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 246-263
Author(s):  
Roger Clark
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Aleutian Islands ◽  
A New Species

The Volutid genus Arctomelon Dall, 1915 in Alaskan waters is examined, four species are recognized. A new species, Arctomelon borealis sp. nov. is described from bathyal depths of the central Aleutian Islands. A. stearnsii ryosukei (Habe & Ito, 1965) is recognized as a distinct species.

A new Species of Cicadulina, China (Homoptera, Jassidae) injurious to Maize in Tanganyika Territory

1936 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. E. China
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
The Gambia ◽  
The Other ◽  
Colour Pattern ◽  
Streak Virus ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
A New Species

The genus Cicadulina was established in 1926 (Bull. Ent. Res. 17, p. 43) to hold a new species, C. zeae, China, injurious to maize in Kenya Colony. Later (Bull. Ent. Res., 19, 1928, p. 66) it was shown that Balclutha mbila, Naude, recorded as transmitting the virus of streak disease of maize in Natal, also belonged to this genus, and two new species C. arachidis and C. similis were described from the Gambia, where they were reported as injurious to ground-nut and suspected of transmitting the virus of the rosette disease of that plant. Since that time Dr. H. H. Storey of the Amani Research Station has been investigating the possibility of transmission of the streak virus of maize by C. zeae. In attempting to breed strains capable of transmission of the disease certain crosses were made which showed conclusively that he was dealing with two distinct species. These species he was able to separate on the colour pattern of the abdomen. Dr. Storey has now sent to me material of both these species and a study of the genitalia corroborates his finding. One, of course, proved to be C. zeae, the other is new and I therefore propose to dedicate it to the discoverer.

A new Peruvian species and new records of the genus Piestus Gravenhorst (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4303 (3) ◽  
pp. 417 ◽  
Author(s):  
LUIS PÉREZ ◽  
MARYZENDER RODRÍGUEZ ◽  
ANGÉLICO ASENJO
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Records ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Diagnostic Characters ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
A New Species

A new species of the genus Piestus Gravenhorst is described from Peru, P. chullachaqui sp. nov. (Cuzco). Photographs and drawings of the major diagnostic characters are provided. A key to Piestus species is modified to include the new species. New records are provided for Piestus angularis Fauvel, Piestus bicornis (Olivier), Piestus fronticornis (Dalman), Piestus lacordairei Laporte, Piestus longipennis (Fauvel), Piestus mexicanus Laporte, Piestus minutus Erichson, Piestus pennicornis Fauvel, Piestus spinosus (Fabricius), Piestus sulcatus Gravenhorst, Piestus surrufus Caron et al. and Piestus validus Sharp. Cladistic analysis is made to know the relationship of the P. chullachaqui sp. nov. within Piestus.  

scholarly journals Novitates neocaledonicae. XIII. Taxonomy and nomenclature of the genus Xyris (Xyridaceae, Poales) in New Caledonia, with description of a new species

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 502 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-229
Author(s):  
JÉRÉMIE MOREL ◽  
JÉRÔME MUNZINGER
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Remarkable Feature ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Line Drawings ◽  
Vegetative Characters ◽  
Reproductive Characters ◽  
A New Species

Three endemic species of Xyris (Xyridaceae, Poales) are currently recognized in New Caledonia. A recent multivariate analysis of 18 morphological characters based on 129 specimens of Xyris from New Caledonia, supported by 10 anatomical and micromorphological observations, suggested that three species should be recognized in the New Caledonian archipelago. However, the three published names did not correspond to the three entities identified via the multivariate analyses. The results showed that Xyris neocaledonia Rendle was morphologically distinct but requires lectotypification, Xyris guillauminii Conert was indistinct from X. pancheri Rendle, and that a new morphologically distinct species required description. We therefore propose to clarify the taxonomy of the genus for New Caledonia, by designating a lectotype, making this synonymy and describing the new species. The new species, Xyris desquamatus J.R.Morel & Munzinger, sp. nov., has the remarkable feature of leaves that are shed as the plant senesces, and is reflected in the specific epithet for this new species. Line drawings are provided for the new species, along with colour photos for the three New Caledonian Xyris species and a distribution map. Three identification keys are provided, the first based on vegetative characters, the second on reproductive characters and the third on anatomical features of the leaf. Xyris desquamatus is preliminarily assigned an IUCN risk of extinction assessment of vulnerable.

Goodyera malipoensis (Cranichideae, Orchidaceae), a new species from China: Evidence from morphological and molecular analyses

Phytotaxa ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 186 (1) ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiu-Xiang Chen ◽  
Gui-Zhen Chen ◽  
Ming-He Li ◽  
Shi-Pin Chen
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Detailed Comparison ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Molecular Study ◽  
Its Sequence ◽  
Orchid Species ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
A New Species

In this study, we describe a new orchid species, Goodyera malipoensis, from Yunnan, China. We have performed morphological and molecular analyses on this new species. A detailed comparison between the newly discovered orchid and other members of Goodyera was conducted. The new plant is characterized by having a dense brownish green pubescence on the peduncle. Its ovate-lanceolate petal is unique in Goodyera genus. The hypochile is deeply concave-saccate, and inside there are two papillose rows on each side. These features distinguish the new orchid from all other known species of Goodyera. The molecular study based on nuclear ribosomal ITS sequence data and morphological differences support G. malipoensis as a distinct species.

New names, species and synonyms in a changing Velloziaceae world

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 309 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
RENATO MELLO-SILVA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
New Name ◽  
New Synonyms ◽  
Taxonomic History ◽  
A New Species

Vellozia leptopetala corresponds to V. epidendroides, a much older name, and its taxonomic history encompass also V. epidendroides var. divaricata and V. epidendroides var. major, which are quite distinct species. For solving this situation, new synonyms of V. epidendroides, a new name, V. ornithophila, and a new status for both varieties of V. epidendroides are here presented. Vellozia virgata corresponds to V. sellowii, also a much older name. For solving this situation, the sinking of V. virgata into V. sellowii, and a new species, V. linearis, based on the isotypes of V. virgata, are presented. Vellozia asperula var. filifolia showed to be a very distinct species from V. asperula. For mending this situation, a new status for V. asperula var. filifolia is proposed.

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