Cooperatives versus Corporations: Survival in the French Wine Industry

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 328-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justine Valette ◽  
Paul Amadieu ◽  
Patrick Sentis
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Mergers And Acquisitions ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Parametric Models ◽  
Wine Industry ◽  
Traditional Theory ◽  
Business Environments ◽  
Jel Classifications

AbstractThis article examines the survival rates of cooperatives in the French wine industry. Traditional theory claims that cooperatives are inefficient and consequently are prone to failure, but recent literature suggests a higher resilience. Can cooperatives cope better? We find that French wine cooperatives survive longer than corporations. This result is robust in semi-parametric and parametric models, even when we control for mergers and acquisitions. The higher survival rate of wine cooperatives seems to be associated with their ability to pass changes in their business environments on to their members. (JEL Classifications: C41, G30, Q13)

Competition Policy in the Wine Industry in Europe

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (01) ◽  
pp. 90-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Minuto Rizzo
Keyword(s):  
Mergers And Acquisitions ◽  
Competition Policy ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Wine Industry ◽  
Wine Sector ◽  
Jel Classifications

AbstractIn recent years, several European antitrust authorities intervened in the wine sector to authorize mergers and acquisitions, provide opinions to governments, and ascertain anticompetitive agreements. This article analyzes these interventions in the context of an evolving regulatory framework. I draw conclusions about the direction of competition policy, in particular in relation to possible co-operations among various players in the wine industry. (JEL Classifications: K21, L40, L51)

THE PRINTING OF PACIOLI'S SUMMA IN 1494: HOW MANY COPIES WERE PRINTED?

2007 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Sangster
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Printing Process

This paper considers the printing of Pacioli's Summa de Arithmetica, Geometria, Proportioni et Proportionalita (Summa) in 1494. In particular, it attempts to answer the question, how many copies of Summa were printed in 1494? It does so through consideration of the printing process, the printer of Summa, the size of the book, survival rates of other “serious” books of the period, and the dates it contains revealing when parts of it were completed. It finds that more copies were published than was previously suggested, and that the survival rate of copies has probably as much to do with the manner in which it was treated once acquired as in the number of copies printed.

scholarly journals Survival after surgery among patients with cholangiocarcinoma in Northeast Thailand according to anatomical and morphological classification

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaiwat Tawarungruang ◽  
Narong Khuntikeo ◽  
Nittaya Chamadol ◽  
Vallop Laopaiboon ◽  
Jaruwan Thuanman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
Median Survival ◽  
Median Survival Time ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Care Program ◽  
Tumor Location ◽  
Northeast Thailand ◽  
Curative Surgery

Abstract Background Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) has been categorized based on tumor location as intrahepatic (ICCA), perihilar (PCCA) or distal (DCCA), and based on the morphology of the tumor of the bile duct as mass forming (MF), periductal infiltrating (PI) or intraductal (ID). To date, there is limited evidence available regarding the survival of CCA among these different anatomical and morphological classifications. This study aimed to evaluate the survival rate and median survival time after curative surgery among CCA patients according to their anatomical and morphological classifications, and to determine the association between these classifications and survival. Methods This study included CCA patients who underwent curative surgery from the Cholangiocarcinoma Screening and Care Program (CASCAP), Northeast Thailand. The anatomical and morphological classifications were based on pathological findings after surgery. Survival rates of CCA and median survival time since the date of CCA surgery and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Multiple cox regression was performed to evaluate factors associated with survival which were quantified by hazard ratios (HR) and their 95% CIs. Results Of the 746 CCA patients, 514 had died at the completion of the study which constituted 15,643.6 person-months of data recordings. The incidence rate was 3.3 per 100 patients per month (95% CI: 3.0–3.6), with median survival time of 17.8 months (95% CI: 15.4–20.2), and 5-year survival rate of 24.6% (95% CI: 20.7–28.6). The longest median survival time was 21.8 months (95% CI: 16.3–27.3) while the highest 5-year survival rate of 34.8% (95% CI: 23.8–46.0) occurred in the DCCA group. A combination of anatomical and morphological classifications, PCCA+ID, was associated with the longest median survival time of 40.5 months (95% CI: 17.9–63.0) and the highest 5-year survival rate of 42.6% (95% CI: 25.4–58.9). The ICCA+MF combination was associated with survival (adjusted HR: 1.45; 95% CI: 1.01–2.09; P = 0.013) compared to ICCA+ID patients. Conclusions Among patients receiving surgical treatment, those with PCCA+ID had the highest 5-year survival rate, which was higher than in groups classified by only anatomical characteristics. Additionally, the patients with ICCA+MF tended to have unfavorable surgical outcomes. Showed the highest survival association. Therefore, further investigations into CCA imaging should focus on patients with a combination of anatomical and morphological classifications.

scholarly journals The survival rates and risk factors of implants in the early stage: a retrospective study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Yang ◽  
Huiting Hu ◽  
Mianyan Zeng ◽  
Hongxing Chu ◽  
Zekun Gan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Dental Implants ◽  
Bone Quality ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Bone Augmentation ◽  
Early Survival ◽  
Immediate Implantation ◽  
Implant Length

Abstract Background Few large-sample studies in China have focused on the early survival of dental implants. The present study aimed to report the early survival rates of implants and determine the related influencing factors. Methods All patients receiving dental implants at our institution between 2006 and 2017 were included. The endpoint of the study was early survival rates of implants, according to gender, age, maxilla/mandible, dental position, bone augmentation, bone augmentation category, immediate implant, submerged implant category, implant diameter, implant length, implant torque, and other related factors. Initially, SPSS22.0 was used for statistical analysis. The Chi-square test was used to screen all factors, and those with p < 0.05 were further introduced into a multiple logistic regression model to illustrate the risk factors for early survival rates of implants. Results In this study, we included 1078 cases (601 males and 477 females) with 2053 implants. After implantation, 1974 implants were retained, and the early survival rate was 96.15%. Patients aged 30–60 years (OR  2.392), with Class I bone quality (OR  3.689), bone augmentation (OR  1.742), immediate implantation (OR  3.509), and implant length < 10 mm (OR  2.972), were said to possess risk factors conducive to early survival rates. Conclusions The early survival rate of implants in our cohort exceeded 96%, with risk factors including age, tooth position, bone quality, implant length, bone augmentation surgery, and immediate implantation. When the above factors coexist, implant placement should be treated carefully.

Divestiture and Its Market Reaction in a Consolidating Industry: The Global Brewing Industry

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Ludwig Erl ◽  
Florian Kiesel
Keyword(s):  
Mergers And Acquisitions ◽  
Capital Market ◽  
Market Reaction ◽  
Market Performance ◽  
Abnormal Returns ◽  
Brewing Industry ◽  
Efficiency Gains ◽  
Market Values ◽  
Jel Classifications ◽  
The Capital Market

Abstract This study provides a perspective on the market performance of divestitures in the global brewing industry. In 2018, the five largest players accounted for 60% of the global beer volume. We analyze to what extent the capital market values divestitures in an industry where players usually seek efficiency gains and growth through mergers and acquisitions. Based on a sample of 61 divestiture intent announcements in the period from 1999–2018, this study shows that publicly listed brewing groups experience significant positive abnormal returns of about 1.4%. We measure the influential effect of success determinants concerning the underlying industry, the divested business, the divestiture structure, and the divestor itself. (JEL Classifications: G14, G34, L25, Q14)

Association between Mode of Transportation and Survival in Adult Trauma Patients with Blunt Injuries: Matched Cohort Study between Police and Ground Ambulance Transport

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Fouad A. Sakr ◽  
Rana H. Bachir ◽  
Mazen J. El Sayed
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Blunt Trauma ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Matched Cohort ◽  
Matched Cohort Study ◽  
Blunt Injuries ◽  
Ground Ambulance ◽  
Mode Of Transportation

Abstract Introduction: Early police transport (PT) of penetrating trauma patients has the potential to improve survival rates for trauma patients. There are no well-established guidelines for the transport of blunt trauma patients by PT currently. Study Objective: This study examines the association between the survival rate of blunt trauma patients and the transport modality (police versus ground ambulance). Methods: A retrospective, matched cohort study was conducted using the National Trauma Data Bank (NTDB). All blunt trauma patients transported by police to trauma centers were identified and matched (one-to-four) to patients transported by ground Emergency Medical Services (EMS) for analysis. Descriptive analysis was carried out. This was followed by comparing all patients’ characteristics and their survival rates in terms of the mode of transportation. Results: Out of the 2,469 patients with blunt injuries, EMS transported 1,846 patients and police transported 623 patients. Most patients were 16-64 years of age (86.2%) with a male predominance (82.5%). Fall (38.4%) was the most common mechanism of injury with majority of injuries involving the head and neck body part (64.8%). Fractures were the most common nature of injury (62.1%). The overall survival rate of adult blunt trauma patients was similar for both methods of transportation (99.2%; P = 1.000). Conclusion: In this study, adult blunt trauma patients transported by police had similar outcomes to those transported by EMS. As such, PT in trauma should be encouraged and protocolized to improve resource utilization and outcomes further.

scholarly journals Survival Rate of 1008 Short Dental Implants with 21 Months of Average Follow-Up: A Retrospective Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 3943
Author(s):  
João Caramês ◽  
Ana Catarina Pinto ◽  
Gonçalo Caramês ◽  
Helena Francisco ◽  
Joana Fialho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Dental Implants ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
High Survival ◽  
Implant Survival ◽  
Posterior Maxilla ◽  
Clinical Records

This retrospective study evaluated the survival rate of short, sandblasted acid-etched surfaced implants with 6 and 8 mm lengths with at least 120 days of follow-up. Data concerning patient, implant and surgery characteristics were retrieved from clinical records. Sandblasted and acid-etched (SLA)-surfaced tissue-level 6 mm (TL6) or 8 mm (TL8) implants or bone-level tapered 8 mm (BLT8) implants were used. Absolute and relative frequency distributions were calculated for qualitative variables and mean values and standard deviations for quantitative variables. A Cox regression model was performed to verify whether type, length and/or width influence the implant survival. The cumulative implant survival rate was assessed by time-to-event analyses (Kaplan–Meier estimator). In all, 513 patients with a mean age of 58.00 ± 12.44 years received 1008 dental implants with a mean follow-up of 21.57 ± 10.77 months. Most implants (78.17%) presented a 4.1 mm diameter, and the most frequent indication was a partially edentulous arch (44.15%). The most frequent locations were the posterior mandible (53.97%) and the posterior maxilla (31.55%). No significant differences were found in survival rates between groups of type, length and width of implant with the cumulative rate being 97.7% ± 0.5%. Within the limitations of this study, the evaluated short implants are a predictable option with high survival rates during the follow-up without statistical differences between the appraised types, lengths and widths.

Criteria for Accrediting Expert Wine Judges

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Hodgson ◽  
Jing Cao
Keyword(s):  
Probability Distribution ◽  
Wine Industry ◽  
Ordinal Scale ◽  
Professional Experience ◽  
Wine Quality ◽  
Basic Premise ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Jel Classifications

AbstractA test for evaluating wine judge performance is developed. The test is based on the premise that an expert wine judge will award similar scores to an identical wine. The definition of “similar” is parameterized to include varying numbers of adjacent awards on an ordinal scale, from No Award to Gold. For each index of similarity, a probability distribution is developed to determine the likelihood that a judge might pass the test by chance alone. When the test is applied to the results from a major wine competition, few judges pass the test. Of greater interest is that many judges who fail the test have vast professional experience in the wine industry. This leads to us to question the basic premise that experts are able to provide consistent evaluations in wine competitions and, hence, that wine competitions do not provide reliable recommendations of wine quality. (JEL Classifications: C02, C12, D81)

scholarly journals Parties between thresholds: State subsidies and party behaviour in post-communist democracies

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Casal Bértoa ◽  
Maria Spirova
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Party System ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
State Funding ◽  
Publicly Funded ◽  
State Financing ◽  
State Subsidies ◽  
Almost All

Much has been written about what makes political parties form, persist, change and die. One factor often brought into this discussion is the availability of resources in general and of state financing of political parties in particular. However, an empirical link at the aggregate level is difficult to establish because of various issues of conceptualization, operationalization and measurement. Working at the party level and taking into consideration that state funding provides important resources that make running in elections and achieving a party’s electoral target more likely, this article provides empirical support for the claim that parties who (anticipate to be or) are being funded by the state have a higher chance of forming and surviving in an independent format in the party system. Based on a comparison of 14 post-communist party systems, the main conclusion of the article is that the survival rate for such parties exceeds the survival rate for the non-publicly funded ones in almost all cases. A second, novel and more particular, finding is that parties who find themselves outside parliament, but above the payout threshold, display higher survival rates than parties who are below it.

scholarly journals Breast Cancer Survival Defined by Biological Receptor and Menopausal Status in Vietnamese Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 107327481986527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thang Vu Hong ◽  
Duc Nguyen Ba ◽  
Lambert Skoog ◽  
Van Ta Thanh ◽  
Edneia Tani
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Progesterone Receptor ◽  
Cox Model ◽  
Menopausal Status ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Vietnamese Women ◽  
Significant Difference

Little is known about breast cancer in Vietnamese women. Previous studies have reported the frequencies of prognostic factors of breast cancer in this population. The aim of this study was to examine the prognostic factors associated with the survival rates of patients with breast cancer treated at the National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam. We recruited 248 women with operable breast cancer treated with surgery and adjuvant therapy. Tumor tissue samples were stained by many immunohistochemical approaches and analyzed for estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and HER2 gene amplification status. A Cox model was used to determine the relationship between survival and the prognostic factors. The disease-free survival rate, overall survival rate, and cancer-specific survival rate were 75.8%, 80.6%, and 86.4%, respectively, at 5 years and 62.3%, 68.1%, and 78.9%, respectively, at 10 years. The lung was the most common metastatic site. Women with factors associated with a poor prognosis (eg, advanced clinical stage, high tumor grade, progesterone receptor [PR] negativity, HER2 amplification) had significantly lower survival rates. Patients with PR-negative breast cancer had significantly worse survival rates compared to those who were PR positive, according to multivariate analysis (hazard ratio = 1.77, 95% confidence interval: 1.01-3.11, P = .045); however, there was only a statistically significant difference in postmenopausal patients. The PR was a prognostic factor in postmenopausal women with breast cancer, but not in premenopausal women.

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