Younger Dryas to early Holocene (12.9 to 8.1 ka) limnological and hydrological change at Barley Lake, California (northern California Coast Range)

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Jenifer A. Leidelmeijer ◽  
Matthew E.C. Kirby ◽  
Glen MacDonald ◽  
Joseph A. Carlin ◽  
Judith Avila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Lake Level ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Younger Dryas ◽  
Winter Precipitation ◽  
Early Holocene ◽  
Lake Productivity ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Lower Productivity ◽  
Abrupt Shifts

Abstract Paleoperspectives of climate provide important information for understanding future climate, particularly in arid regions such as California, where water availability is uncertain from year to year. Here, we present a record from Barley Lake, California, focusing on the interval spanning the Younger Dryas (YD) to the early Holocene (EH), a period of acute and rapid global climate change. Twelve radiocarbon dates constrain the timing between 12.9 and 8.1 ka. We combine a variety of sediment analyses to infer changes in lake productivity, relative lake level, and runoff dynamics. In general, the lake is characterized by two states separated by a <200-year transition: (1) a variably deep, lower-productivity YD lake; and (2) a two-part variably shallow, higher-productivity EH lake. Inferred EH winter-precipitation runoff reveals dynamic multidecadal-to-centennial-scale variability, in agreement with the EH lake-level data. The Barley Lake archive captures both hemispheric and regional signals of climate change across the transition, suggesting a role for both ocean-atmosphere and insolation forcing. Our paleoperspective emphasizes California's sensitivity to climate change and how that change can generate abrupt shifts in limnological regimes.

scholarly journals A major hydrobiological change in Dasht-e Arjan Wetland (southwestern Iran) during the late glacial – early Holocene transition revealed by subfossil chironomids

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (8) ◽  
pp. 848-856
Author(s):  
Cyril Aubert ◽  
Morteza Djamali ◽  
Matthew Jones ◽  
Hamid Lahijani ◽  
Nick Marriner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lake Level ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Younger Dryas ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Early Holocene ◽  
Geochemical Data ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Chironomus Plumosus ◽  
Subfossil Chironomids ◽  
Southwestern Iran

The late glacial – early Holocene transition is a key period in the earth’s history. However, although this transition is well studied in Europe, it is not well constrained in the Middle East and palaeohydrological records with robust chronologies remain scarce from this region. Here we present an interesting hydrobiological record showing a major environmental change occurring in the Dasht-e Arjan Wetland (southwestern Iran, near to Persepolis) during the late glacial – early Holocene transition (ca. 11 650 years cal BP). We use subfossil chironomids (Insecta: Diptera) as a proxy for hydrological changes and to reconstruct lake-level fluctuations. The Arjan wetland was a deep lake during the Younger Dryas marked by a dominance of Chironomus plumosus/anthracinus-type, taxa adapted to anoxic conditions of deep waters. At the beginning of the Holocene, a drastic decrease (more than 80% to less than 10%) of Chironomus plumosus/anthracinus-type, combined with diversification of littoral taxa such as Polypedilum nubeculosum-type, Dicrotendipes nervosus-type, and Glyptotendipes pallens-type, suggests a lake-level decrease and a more vegetalized aquatic environment. We compare and contrast the chironomid record of Arjan with a similar record from northwestern Iran. The palaeoclimatic significance of the record, at a local and regional scale, is subsequently discussed. The increase in Northern Hemisphere temperatures, inferred by geochemical data from NGRIP, at the beginning of the Holocene best explains the change from the Younger Dryas highstand to early Holocene lowstand conditions in the Dasht-e Arjan wetland. However, a contribution of the meltwater inflow from small local glaciers in the catchment basin is not excluded.

Stratigraphy and paleolimnologic record of lower Holocene sediments in northern Lake Huron and Georgian Bay

1994 ◽  
Vol 31 (11) ◽  
pp. 1586-1605 ◽  
Author(s):  
David K. Rea ◽  
Theodore C. Moore Jr. ◽  
C. F. Michael Lewis ◽  
Larry A. Mayer ◽  
David L. Dettman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Reflection ◽  
Lake Level ◽  
Younger Dryas ◽  
Lake Huron ◽  
Early Holocene ◽  
Georgian Bay ◽  
Ice Cap ◽  
Lake Algonquin ◽  
Seismic Reflectors ◽  
Cold Lakes

Seismic reflection profiling and piston coring identified seismic reflectors in northern Lake Huron and Georgian Bay linked with unconformities caused by at least six reductions in lake level. In ascending stratigraphic order, these lowstands occurred at about 11 200 BP, associated with the Kirkfield outlet from early Lake Algonquin; 10 200 – 9900 BP, associated with the post-Algonquin lake level fall; 9800 – 9050 BP, the most extreme lowstand, associated with the main Stanley – Hough draw down; and 7800 – 7450 BP. The concomitant highstands are Lake Algonquin, from about 11 200 – 10 200 BP; early Lake Mattawa, between 9600 and 9350 BP; the main Mattawa phase, 9050–7800 BP; and the Nipissing highstand, at about 4700 BP. Isotopic and paleoecological data show that all of the lowstands are characterized by cold, dilute, and isotopically very light (< −20‰) waters from the melting Laurentian ice cap. Highstands, on the other hand, are characterized by higher dissolved solid concentrations and a much smaller meltwater component. Oxygen isotope values of the waters in these lakes were −15 to −17‰ in Lake Algonquin, −13 to −14‰ for the early and middle Mattawa stages, −9 to −8‰ for the main Mattawa stage, and −7‰ for modern waters. This association of lowstands and not highstands with isotopically light waters is a new contribution to early Holocene hydrology of the Great Lakes. The Younger Dryas cool episode is coeval with the Lake Algonquin highstand and a younger cool episode is generally coeval with the Mattawa highstand. This supports the hypothesis of C.F.M. Lewis and T.W. Anderson that these large cold lakes were responsible for regional cooling during the early Holocene.

New Radiocarbon Dates for the Vedde Ash and the Saksunarvatn Ash from Western Norway

1996 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilary H. Birks ◽  
Steinar Gulliksen ◽  
Haflidi Haflidason ◽  
Jan Mangerud ◽  
Göran Possnert
Keyword(s):  
Lake Sediment ◽  
Younger Dryas ◽  
Plant Macrofossils ◽  
Early Holocene ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Terrestrial Plant ◽  
Radiocarbon Age ◽  
The North ◽  
Western Norway ◽  
Ams Dates

AbstractThe Vedde Ash Bed (mid-Younger Dryas) and the Saksunarvatn Ash (early Holocene) are important regional stratigraphic event markers in the North Atlantic, the Norwegian Sea, and the adjacent land area. It is thus essential to date them as precisely as possible. The occurrence of the Saksunarvatn Ash is reported for the first time from western Norway, and both tephras are dated precisely by AMS analyses of terrestrial plant material and lake sediment at Kråkenes. The Vedde Ash has been previously dated at sites in western Norway to about 10,600 yr B.P. It is obvious in the Younger Dryas sediments at Kråkenes, and its identity is confirmed geochemically. The mean of four AMS dates of samples of Salix herbacea leaves adjacent to the tephra is 10,310 ± 50 yr B.P. The Saksunarvatn Ash is not visible in the early Holocene lake sediment at Kråkenes. After removal of organic material and diatoms, the identity of the tephra particles was confirmed geochemically, and their stratigraphic concentration was estimated. From curve matching of a series of seven AMS dates of terrestrial plant macrofossils and whole sediment, the radiocarbon age of the ash is 8930–9060 yr B.P., corresponding to an age of 9930–10,010 cal yr B.P. (7980–8060 cal yr B.C.).

A Speleothem Record of Younger Dryas Cooling, Klamath Mountains, Oregon, USA

2005 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Vacco ◽  
Peter U. Clark ◽  
Alan C. Mix ◽  
Hai Cheng ◽  
R. Lawrence Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Younger Dryas ◽  
Sampling Interval ◽  
Temperature Variability ◽  
Early Holocene ◽  
Last Deglaciation ◽  
Klamath Mountains ◽  
Scale Temperature ◽  
The Last Deglaciation

AbstractA well-dated δ18O record in a stalagmite from a cave in the Klamath Mountains, Oregon, with a sampling interval of 50 yr, indicates that the climate of this region cooled essentially synchronously with Younger Dryas climate change elsewhere in the Northern Hemisphere. The δ18O record also indicates significant century-scale temperature variability during the early Holocene. The δ13C record suggests increasing biomass over the cave through the last deglaciation, with century-scale variability but with little detectable response of vegetation to Younger Dryas cooling.

Radiocarbon Reservoir Effect and the Timing of the Late-Glacial/Early Holocene Humid Phase in the Atacama Desert (Northern Chile)

1999 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mebus A. Geyh ◽  
Martin Grosjean ◽  
Lautaro Núñez ◽  
Ulrich Schotterer
Keyword(s):  
Lake Level ◽  
Atacama Desert ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Early Holocene ◽  
Vegetation Changes ◽  
Northern Chile ◽  
Lake Levels ◽  
Human Occupation ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
History Of

We revise substantially the regional chronology of lake-level fluctuations from the late-glacial/early Holocene humid phase along a high altitude transect (3500 to 4500 m) between 18°S and 28°S in the Southwestern Altiplano of Northern Chile. Radiocarbon dates and 210Pb profiles for limnic and terrestrial materials allow us to estimate and justify reservoir correction values for conventional 14C dates. Our chronology suggests that the latest Pleistocene/early Holocene humid phase started between 13,000 and 12,000 14C yr B.P., and that maximum lake levels were reached between 10,800 and 9200 14C yr B.P. This is significantly younger than what has been established so far for the Titicaca–Uyuni Basin in Bolivia. The paleolakes disappeared sometime between 8400 and 8000 14C yr B.P. Our revised chronology agrees with the regional history of human occupation, and is broadly synchronous with vegetation changes in subtropical continental South America, and with the onset of wetland expansion in the northern hemisphere tropics.

Successive Oceanic and Solar Forcing Indicated by Younger Dryas and Early Holocene Climatic Oscillations in the Jura

1995 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Magny
Keyword(s):  
Lake Level ◽  
Younger Dryas ◽  
Early Holocene ◽  
Solar Forcing ◽  
Proxy Data ◽  
Climatic Oscillations ◽  
Middle Latitudes ◽  
The Alps ◽  
Second Period ◽  
Recent Extension

AbstractThe recent extension of (1) the residual Δ14C curve back to 11,400 cal yr B.P. and (2) the lake-level reconstruction in the Jura back to ca. 13,500 cal yr B.P. offers the opportunity of testing by proxy data the relationships between climate, atmospheric 14C, the sun, and the ocean recently suggested from the atmospheric 14C record. The climatic significance of the Jura record is supported by correlations with climatic oscillations reconstructed in the Alps from glaciers and timberline movements. Correspondence between the 14C and paleoclimatic record from the Jura suggests a working hypothesis: two intervals within the Holocene can be distinguished in the middle latitudes of western and central Europe. An early Holocene period shows abrupt climatic oscillations linked to ocean forcing. Major colder climate phases developed between ca. 9000 and 8800, and between ca. 8000 and 7000 cal yr B.C. that coincide with higher Δ14C values. After 6000 cal yr B.C., a second period is characterized by smoother multicentury climatic oscillations linked to solar forcing.

Seesaw of Precipitation Variability over Anatolian Peninsula between LGM and Future Projections: A Possible Role of Wind Direction Change

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
burcu boza ◽  
yasemin ezber ◽  
ömer l. şen
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Wind Direction ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Circulation Model ◽  
Winter Precipitation ◽  
Precipitation Variability ◽  
Cold Climate ◽  
Future Projections ◽  
Anatolian Peninsula

&lt;p&gt;Turkey is a part of Eastern Mediterranean and located between 36-42&amp;#176; North latitudes and 26-45&amp;#176; East longitudes, where Europe meets Asia. The country, which mostly comprises the Anatolian Peninsula, is unique in terms of geographical position and topography and occupies a region which is highly sensitive to climate change. Considering that the region is prone to drying as a result of climate change, inferences about future precipitation patterns is of value.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Studies conducted by cosmogenic surface dating of boulder moraines revealed that, during Last Glacial Maximum (LGM; 21 Ka), the precipitation at the southwest of Anatolian Peninsula was higher than today, and at the northeast it was lower than today, which implies a regional heterogeneity. On the other hand, future projections of precipitation point out reverse conditions. That is, there will be lower (higher) than today precipitation at the southwest (northeast) of the country. Namely, a seesaw of precipitation variability prevails between cold climate of LGM and warm climate of future.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;As a highland located at mid-latitudes, Anatolian Peninsula takes most of the precipitation during winter. What mainly drives the changes in winter precipitation is the changes in atmospheric circulation. Model simulations reveal a southward and northward displacement of polar jet stream and consistent shifts of storm tracks during LGM and in the future respectively. Knowing this fact, we investigated directions of winds which carry precipitation into Anatolian Peninsula, for the sake of explaining the dominant regional mechanism related to abovementioned seesaw pattern of precipitation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;We utilized monthly 850 hPa wind and precipitation data from the outputs of CCSM4.0 model of CMIP5 project and analyzed winds for past (LGM), present time and future conditions. Considering that it produces opposite conditions with comparable magnitudes with LGM, we used the RCP8.5 scenario. We found out that the 850 hPa winds entering from west into the peninsula are becoming more zonal (less tilted) as time passes from LGM to future. In other words, southwesterly winds evolve into westerly ones with a slight clockwise change of wind direction. This change considered together with orography of the peninsula explains the seesaw of precipitation variability over Anatolian Peninsula between cold and warm phases of global climate.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Methodological Implications of New Radiocarbon Dates from the Early Holocene Site of Körtik Tepe, Southeast Anatolia

Radiocarbon ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 54 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 291-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion Benz ◽  
Aytaç Coşkun ◽  
Irka Hajdas ◽  
Katleen Deckers ◽  
Simone Riehl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Younger Dryas ◽  
Calibration Procedure ◽  
Early Holocene ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Archaeological Data ◽  
Extended Sequence ◽  
Stratigraphic Position ◽  
Southeast Anatolia ◽  
First Time

One of the greatest challenges of contemporary archaeology is to synthesize the large amount of radiocarbon and archaeological data into a useful dialogue. For the late Epipaleolithic and the Early Neolithic of the Near East, many 14C ages have been published without precise stratigraphic documentation. Consequently, for archaeological age models we often must use some more elementary approaches, such as probabilistic summation of calibrated ages. The stratigraphy of Körtik Tepe allows us for the first time to study an extended series of 14C ages of the earliest Holocene. In particular, we are able to analyze the data according to stratigraphic position within a well-documented profile. However, because of a plateau in the 14C age calibration curve at the transition from the Younger Dryas to the Early Holocene, dates of this period can be interpreted only if an extended sequence of dates is available. Due to problems remaining in the calibration procedure, the best way to achieve an interpretation is to compare the results of different 14C calibration software. In the present paper, we use the results of the calibration programs OxCal and CalPal. This approach has important implications for future age modeling, in particular for the question of how to date the transition from the Epipaleolithic to the PPNA precisely and accurately.

Hydrological changes in the European midlatitudes associated with freshwater outbursts from Lake Agassiz during the Younger Dryas event and the early Holocene

2004 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Magny ◽  
Carole Bégeot
Keyword(s):  
Lake Level ◽  
Thermohaline Circulation ◽  
Younger Dryas ◽  
Early Holocene ◽  
Last Deglaciation ◽  
Lake Agassiz ◽  
Westerly Jet ◽  
Cyclonic Track ◽  
Climate Cooling ◽  
Younger Dryas Event

Recent studies of lake-level fluctuations during the last deglaciation in eastern France (Jura Mountains and Pre-Alps) and on the Swiss Plateau show distinct phases of higher water level developing at the beginning and during the latter part of Greenland Stade 1 (i.e. Younger Dryas event) and punctuating the early Holocene period at 11,250–11,050, 10,300–10,000, 9550–9150, 8300–8050, and 7550–7250 cal yr B.P. The phases at 11,250–11,050 and 8300–8050 cal yr B.P. appear to be related to the cool Preboreal Oscillation and the 8200 yr event assumed to be associated with deglaciation events. A comparison of this mid-European lake-level record with the outbursts from proglacial Lake Agassiz in North America suggests that, between 13,000 and 8000 cal yr B.P. phases of positive water balance were the response in west-central Europe to climate cooling episodes, which were induced by perturbation of the thermohaline circulation due to sudden freshwater releases to oceans. This probably was in response to a southward migration of the Atlantic Westerly Jet and its associated cyclonic track. Moreover, it is hypothesized that, during the early Holocene, varying solar activity could have been a crucial factor by amplifying or reducing the possible effects of Lake Agassiz outbursts on the climate.

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