Trailing-edge flap flow control for dynamic stall

2011 ◽  
Vol 115 (1170) ◽  
pp. 493-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. B. Green ◽  
E. A. Gillies ◽  
Y. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Lower Surface ◽  
Rotor Blades ◽  
Surface Shape ◽  
Dynamic Stall ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Trailing Edge ◽  
Oscillatory Dynamic ◽  
Trailing Edge Flap ◽  
Flap Deflection ◽  
Motion Profile

Abstract Results of a series of oscillatory dynamic stall tests of a rotor aerofoil fitted with a pulsed, trailing-edge flap are presented. Flap deflection amplitude, motion profile, duration and starting phase were investigated to assess the potential of the flap for mitigating the adverse effects of dynamic stall, which is one of the limiting factors for rotor blades on the retreating side of a helicopter rotor. The tests were a continuation of the investigations by Ref. 1 who used a computational fluid dynamics method on a symmetric NACA section, and our results broadly confirm their conclusions by experimental test, using a modern rotor section. The results presented in this paper also confirm the observations from experimental work by Refs 2 and 3, which were undertaken at lower Reynolds number and with a larger flap. In the present study, the flap mitigates the high negative pitching moment and negative pitch damping seen in dynamic stall by strong suction being generated over the aerofoil lower surface, and it is the modification to the lower surface shape by the flap that creates this effect. The dynamic stall vortex acts to enhance the lower surface suction, and careful flap phasing and flap motion profile shaping can make the control more effective.

Effect of Trailing-Edge Flap Deflection on a Symmetric Airfoil Over a Wavy Ground

2018 ◽  
Vol 141 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Tremblay-Dionne ◽  
T. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Pitching Moment ◽  
Cyclic Variation ◽  
Trailing Edge ◽  
Opposite Trend ◽  
Aerodynamic Properties ◽  
Trailing Edge Flap ◽  
Flap Deflection ◽  
Naca 0015

The effect of trailing-edge flap (TEF) deflection on the aerodynamic properties and flowfield of a symmetric airfoil over a wavy ground was investigated experimentally. This Technical Brief is a continuation of Lee and Tremblay-Dionne (2018, “Experimental Investigation of the Aerodynamics and Flowfield of a NACA 0015 Airfoil Over a Wavy Ground,” ASME J. Fluids Eng., 140(7), p. 071202) in which an unflapped airfoil was employed. Regardless of the flap deflection, the cyclic variation in the sectional lift Cl and pitching moment Cm coefficients over the wavy ground always persists. The Cm also has an opposite trend to Cl. The flap deflection, however, produces an increased maximum and minimum Cl and Cm with a reduced fluctuation compared to their unflapped counterparts. The Cd increase outperforms the Cl increase, leading to a lowered Cl/Cd of the flapped airfoil.

New combinational active control strategy for improving aerodynamic characteristics of airfoil and rotor

2019 ◽  
Vol 234 (4) ◽  
pp. 977-996
Author(s):  
Yi-yang Ma ◽  
Qi-jun Zhao ◽  
Guo-qing Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Flow Control ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Active Flow Control ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Aerodynamic Characteristics ◽  
Synthetic Jet ◽  
Dynamic Stall ◽  
Trailing Edge ◽  
Trailing Edge Flap ◽  
Cfd Method

In order to improve the aerodynamic characteristics of rotor, a new active flow control strategy by combining a synthetic jet actuator and a variable droop leading-edge or a trailing-edge flap has been proposed. Their control effects are numerically investigated by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. The validated results indicate that variable droop leading-edge and synthetic jet can suppress the formation of dynamic stall vortex and delay flow separation over rotor airfoil. Compared with the baseline state, Cdmax and Cmmax are significantly reduced. Furthermore, parametric analyses on dynamic stall control of airfoil by the combinational method are conducted, and it indicates that the aerodynamic characteristics of the oscillating rotor airfoil can be significantly improved when the non-dimensional frequency ( k*) of variable droop leading-edge is about 1.0. At last, simulations are conducted for the flow control of rotor by the combinational method. The numerical results indicate that large droop angle of variable droop leading-edge can better reduce the torque coefficient of rotor and the trailing-edge flap has the capability of increasing the thrust of rotor. Also, the synthetic jet could further improve the aerodynamic characteristics of rotor.

A Study of 3-Dimensional Reattachment on Rotor Blades After Dynamic Stall

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vrishank Raghav ◽  
Nandeesh Hiremath ◽  
Narayanan Komerath
Keyword(s):  
Particle Image Velocimetry Data ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Rotor Blades ◽  
Stereoscopic Particle Image Velocimetry ◽  
Dynamic Stall ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Trailing Edge ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Advance Ratio ◽  
Vorticity Transport

Stereoscopic Particle Image Velocimetry data from a 2-bladed rigid NACA0013 rotor undergoing retreating blade dynamic stall in a low-speed wind tunnel, are analyzed to understand the phenomenon of 3-dimensional reattachment at the end of the dynamic stall cycle. Continuing from prior studies on the inception and progression of 3-D rotating dynamic stall for this test case, phase-resolved, ensemble-averaged results are presented for two values of rotor advance ratio at two spanwise stations along the blade. The results show the nominal reattachment getting delayed in rotor azimuth with higher advance ratio. At low advance ratio reattachment starts at the leading-edge and progresses towards the trailing-edge with a vortex shedding transporting excess vorticity sheds from the leading-edge and convects away, with the flow reattaching behind it. At higher advance ratio, the vortical structure shrinks in size while the flow close to the trailing-edge appears to reattach. Spanwise vorticity transport appears to be the mechanism. The difference could be attributed to the lower chordwise velocity of the blade at higher advance ratio, bringing in a rotation effect.

scholarly journals A comparative assessment of vibration control capabilities of a L-shaped Gurney flap

2016 ◽  
Vol 120 (1233) ◽  
pp. 1812-1831 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Motta ◽  
G. Quaranta
Keyword(s):  
Vibration Reduction ◽  
Rotor Blades ◽  
Vertical Force ◽  
Trailing Edge ◽  
Helicopter Blade ◽  
Reduced Frequency ◽  
Gurney Flap ◽  
Alternative Means ◽  
Higher Harmonic Control ◽  
Trailing Edge Flap

ABSTRACTThis work presents the capabilities of a novel L-shaped trailing-edge Gurney flap as a device for vibration reduction. The primary effect of this L-tab is represented by a modification of the reference aerofoil mean line shape through by two counter-rotating vortical structures created at the trailing edge. The comparison of the aerodynamic loads generated by the novel L-tab Gurney flap and a classical trailing-edge flap allows to estimate the ranges of reduced frequency where the L-tab is expected to perform better than a trailing edge flap and vice versa. Linear aerostructural models for a typical section representative of a helicopter blade equipped with a partial-span L-tab or a trailing-edge flap are built, and a higher harmonic control algorithm is applied. Performance are compared between the two devices to reduce separately the N/rev harmonics of the blade root rotating frame vertical force, flapping and feathering moments. The attainment of similar results with classical trailing-edge device is a further confirmation of the potential feasibility of this novel L-tab as an effective alternative means for vibration reduction on rotor blades.

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