Reproduction in the gilt 6. The effect of various degrees of mature boar contact during rearing on puberty attainment

1986 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 341-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippa R. Eastham ◽  
G. W. Dyck ◽  
D. J. A. Cole
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Sexual Receptivity ◽  
Line Contact ◽  
Large White ◽  
Embryo Survival ◽  
Full Contact ◽  
Service Conception ◽  
Fence Line

AbstactForty-eight Landrace × (Landrace × Large White) gilts were randomly allocated at 70 days of age to each of three rearing treatments: (1) fence-line contact with a mature boar, (2) olfactory/aural contact with a mature boar, (3) no boar contact. At 160 days of age, all gilts were relocated adjacent to a novel mature boar and exposed to full contact with a mature boar for 30 min each day. At the first, second and third oestrus, 16 gilts from each treatment group were mated twice and the reproductive tracts were examined at slaughter 21 days later, to determine ovulation rate and embryo survival. The rearing treatments had no significant effects on the attainment of puberty. Neither rearing treatment nor oestrus of mating had any significant effect on behaviour, sexual receptivity at first service, conception rate, ovulation rate, the number of embryos and embryo survival at 21 days of pregnancy.

Reproduction in the gilt 7. Exposure of young gilts to the same mature boar and relocation: effects on the attainment of puberty

1987 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippa R. Eastham ◽  
D. J. A. Cole
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Period ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
The Other ◽  
Line Contact ◽  
Large White ◽  
Full Contact ◽  
First Time ◽  
Fence Line

ABSTRACTTwenty-four Landrace × (Landrace × Large White) gilts were randomly allocated at a mean age of 70 days to each of two rearing treatments which were: (1) housing gilts with other gilts but in complete isolation from other pigs; or (2) housing gilts with fence-line contact with a mature boar. At 160 days of age all gilts were relocated, treatment 1 gilts being adjacent to a mature boar for the first time while treatment 2 gilts were adjacent to the same mature boar with which they had had contact during rearing. In addition, the gilts on each treatment were exposed to full contact with this boar for 30 min/day. There were no significant differences between the treatments in age (176 and 185 days) or weight at puberty (81·9 and 82·6 kg), in the interval from relocation and full boar contact to puberty (11 and 16 days) and in ovulation rate at the pubertal oestrus (11·6 and 11·5).In a second experiment, 72 gilts were reared with fence-line contact with a mature boar and at 160 days of age, half were relocated adjacent to a novel mature boar and the other half remained in the rearing house next to a novel boar with all gilts receiving full boar contact for 30 min/day. Significantly more relocated gilts reached puberty during the experimental period (25/32) than gilts which were only exposed to contact with a novel boar and not relocated (12/31) (P < 0·001) and those relocated gilts were significantly younger (187 v. 225 days; P < 0·001) and lighter (75·4 v. 93·9 kg; P < 0·001) at puberty and the induction interval was significantly shorter (20 v. 89 days; P < 0·001) compared with gilts on the second treatment.

Reproduction in the gilt 1. The influence of age and weight at puberty on ovulation rate and embryo survival in the gilt

1975 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. Hughes ◽  
D. J. A. Cole
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Young Age ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Large White ◽  
Embryo Survival ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Age At Puberty

SUMMARYFifty-three Landrace × (Landrace × Large White) young female pigs (gilts) were fed ad libitum from selection at 20 kg live weight until mating at the second oestrous period. All gilts were subjected to a change of environment at 55 kg live weight, and the male was introduced daily from 64 kg live weight. Gilts were mated twice at second heat, and slaughtered on the 20th day of gestation. There was a range in age at puberty from 135 to 235 days (mean 178·9 ± 3·4 days), and in weight at puberty from 70 to 125 kg (mean 90·5 ±2·3 kg), indicating that there is a potential in some animals, at least, to attain sexual maturity at a very young age. Neither gilt age norweight at puberty significantly affected ovulation rate at second oestrus, conception rate or embryo survival during the first 20 days of gestation.Gilts sired by one boar reached puberty significantly earlier (P < 0·05) than did the offspring of three other boars.

Puberty attainment in oestradiol-treated gilts given allyl-trenbolone and gonadotrophins

1989 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 435-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Varley ◽  
H. Yang ◽  
R. G. Rodway
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Large White ◽  
Embryo Survival ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Oestradiol Benzoate

ABSTRACTSixty Large White ♂ × (Large White ♂ × Landrace ♀) pre-pubertal gilts were allocated at random to one of five treatments. Gilts on treatment A were given oestradiol benzoate (OB) at 160 days of age. They were also given allyl-trenbolone (AT) at 166 days of age for 18 days followed by an injection of gonadotrophins (Gn) at 184 days of age. Gilts on treatment B were given OB and AT, but not Gn. Gilts on treatment C were given OB and Gn, but not AT. Gilts on treatment D were given OB only and gilts on treatment E were given Gn only. Gilts which were in heat after 183 days of age were artificially inseminated twice during the first 2 days of oestrus. All gilts were slaughtered either 20 days after insemination or at 220 days of age if they were still anoestrus.The percentages of gilts ovulating after Gn injection were 36% (4/11), 91·7% (11/12) and 91·7% (11/12) for treatment groups A, C and E respectively (P < 0·01). Gilts on treatments A, C and E were inseminated at a significantly younger age than those on treatments B and D (P < 0·05). No significant differences were found in ovulation rate or embryo survival between treatments.The results indicated that the administration of AT prior to Gn injection had an adverse effect on both the percentage of gilts ovulating and the development of embryos.

Reproduction in the gilt. 5. The effect of the presence of the mature male during rearing on puberty attainment

1984 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippa R. Eastham ◽  
G. W. Dyck ◽  
D. J. A. Cole
Keyword(s):  
Mature Male ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Large White ◽  
Embryo Survival ◽  
Tactile Contact ◽  
Age At Puberty ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACTForty Landrace × (Landrace × Large White) gilts were randomly assigned at 70 days of age to each of two rearing treatments. The two treatments were: (1) gilts reared with gilts but kept in complete isolation from other pigs, and (2) gilts reared with visual, aural, olfactory and limited tactile contact with a mature boar. At 160 days of age, all gilts were subjected to a pen change and housed adjacent to either a mature boar for the first time, or to a different mature boar from that with which they had contact during the rearing phase. In addition, gilts were exposed to a mature, vasectomized boar for 30 min each day. They were served twice at second oestrus and the reproductive tracts were examined at slaughter 21 days later to determine ovulation rate and embryo survival. The presence of a mature male during the rearing phase had no effect on the attainment of puberty. There were no significant differences between treatments 1 and 2 for age at puberty (168·1 and 166·9 days respectively), weight at puberty (74·0 and 75·7 kg respectively) and the interval from movement and boar introduction to puberty (8·3 and 7·4 days respectively). The rearing treatments also had no effect on ovulation rate or embryo survival.

Ovulation rate and embryo survival in Icelandic ewes

1989 ◽  
Vol 1989 ◽  
pp. 10-10
Author(s):  
J.P. Hanrahan ◽  
S. Adalsteinsson ◽  
S. Thorgeirsson ◽  
S.S. Thorsteinsson ◽  
E. Eythorsdottir
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Single Cycle ◽  
Embryo Survival ◽  
Settlement Period ◽  
The North ◽  
Icelandic Sheep ◽  
Average Litter Size ◽  
Low Incidence

Icelandic sheep, the only breed in Iceland, belongs to the North European short-tailed group of sheep which includes the Finnish Landrace and Swedish Landrace breeds (Adalsteinsson, 1970). The breed was brought to Iceland during the settlement period (870-930 AD) and it is believed that there has been little if any genetic introduction from outside the country during the last 200 years. The average litter size is about 1.7 with a remarkably low incidnce (˂1.5%) of triplets. The conception rate to a single cycle in the absence of synchronisation is reputedly greater than 90%. There is also evidence for the presence of a gene (Thoka gene) with a large effect on litter size in certain flocks (Jonmundsson and Adalsteinsson, 1985). The low incidence of triplet births and the apparently high conception rate suggest that the distribtuion of ovulation rate and the level of embryo survival may be different from those of typical British breeds.

Periovulatory endocrinology in high ovulating Meishan sows

1996 ◽  
Vol 150 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
M G Hunter ◽  
H M Picton ◽  
C Biggs ◽  
G E Mann ◽  
A S McNeilly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Control ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Large White ◽  
Embryo Survival ◽  
Plasma Progesterone ◽  
Lh Surge ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
High Level

Abstract The present study was designed to investigate the hormone profiles (oestradiol, LH, FSH, inhibin, progesterone) in high ovulating Meishan sows (MS; n = 9) and in contemporary Large-White hybrid control sows (LW; n = 9) during the follicular phase, the periovulatory period and the early luteal phase. Ovulation rate was higher in MS than LW animals (23·7 and 16·6 respectively; P<0·001) and overall was correlated with the area of the oestradiol peak (P<0·05) and inhibin concentrations (P<0·05). Both the duration of and the area of the oestradiol peak were greater in MS than LW (P<0·01; P<0·02), as were inhibin concentrations both before and after the LH surge (P<0·05). Neither basal nor peak concentrations of LH or FSH differed between the breeds (P>0·05), although FSH concentrations were correlated with the area under the oestradiol peak (P<0·05). Finally, the time-interval from the onset of the LH surge until the rise in plasma progesterone was shorter in MS than LW (54·5 and 74·3 h respectively; P<0·01). In conclusion, these results show for the first time that the higher ovulation rate in MS is associated with enhanced oestradiol and inhibin secretion with no significant difference in LH or FSH concentrations. The more rapid luteinization response to the LH surge by MS in terms of plasma progesterone concentrations may be important in ensuring the high level of embryo survival in this breed. Journal of Endocrinology (1996) 150, 141–147

Serum Macro-Minerals Profile and Conception Rate following Heatsynch and Heatsynch + PRID Protocols in Subestrus Surti Buffaloes

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Swati Saxena ◽  
C. T. Khasatiya ◽  
H. R. Savani ◽  
S. B. Patel ◽  
S. S. Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Oestradiol Benzoate ◽  
Service Conception ◽  
Calcium Phosphorus ◽  
Sampling Intervals

A study was carried out to interpret the first and second service conception rate along with serum macro-minerals profile for Heatsynch (T1) and Heatsynch + PRID (T2) protocols with fix timed AI in subestrus Surti buffaloes (n=6 each), keeping one group as untreated control (T3). In Heatsynch protocol, buffaloes were administered i.m. with Inj. Busereline acetate 10 μg on day 0, Inj. Cloprostenol sodium 500 μg on day 7 and Inj. oestradiol benzoate (EB) 0.5 mg on day 8 followed by FTAIs twice on day 10, while in Heatsynch + PRID protocol the buffaloes were inserted with PRID (0.96 g of progesterone) intravaginally for 7 days together with above Heatsynch protocol. Blood samples were collected aseptically in vaccutainers from all these animals on day 0 (prior to treatment), day 4 (during treatment), day 8 (after PGF2α inj.), day of induced estrus/FTAI and on day 28 (post-treatment, day 18 post-AI), and serum samples were stored at –20°C until analyzed. The buffaloes that became pregnant at 1st service (FTAI) in the treatment group T1 and T2 were 50.00 (3/6) and 66.66 (4/6) % and at 2nd cycle 100.00 (3/3) and 50.00 (1/2) %, respectively. The corresponding conception rates for control group T3 were 33.33 (2/6) and 50.00 (2/4) %. The overall pooled CRs of 2 cycles achieved in groups T1, T2 and T3 were 100.00 (6/6), 83.33 (5/6) and 66.66 (4/6) %, respectively. The overall mean serum calcium, phosphorus and magnesium values did not differ significantly (p>0.05) among T1, T2 and T3 groups at any day or within group between different sampling intervals. Heatsynch alone was better and economic over other groups in managing subestrus buffaloes.

Maternal influences on litter size in pigs

1957 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 457-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. B. King ◽  
G. B. Young
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Large White ◽  
Maternal Influences

The effects of inbreeding of the sow and plane of nutrition after mating on litter size at 28 days were investigated.Outbred Large White sows were mated at first heat after weaning to inbred boars, and inbred sows to outbred boars, so that both groups of sows carried the same type of embryo. The sows were then placed at random on either high or low planes of nutrition until slaughter 28 days later, when their corpora lutea and number of embryos were counted.Litter size was significantly higher in outbred than in inbred sows by 2·52 ± 0·93 pigs. This resulted from 2·89 ± 0·94 more ova shed and 0·37 ± 0·93 more embryos dying. The general conclusion is that inbreeding of the sow reduces early litter size mainly by depressing ovulation rate.The different planes of nutrition produced negligible differences in within-litter mortality and, therefore, on litter size, but resulted in a marked difference in conception rate. All animals on the high plane were pregnant, whereas on the low plane 25% were empty, this difference being highly significant.Age of the sow, but not her weight, was found to be significantly correlated with number of corpora lutea (r = 0·39). The latter had a correlation with litter size of 0·55 and with mortality of 0·45. The correlation between litter size and mortality was −0·50.Parity increased and inbreeding reduced the length of the uterus which was not, however, significantly correlated with litter size.

Effect of pre-mating nutritional status and post mating progesterone supplementation on early pregnancy in Large White gilts

1990 ◽  
Vol 1990 ◽  
pp. 56-56
Author(s):  
C. J. Ashworth
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Uniform Distribution ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Large White ◽  
Embryo Survival ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Progesterone Supplementation

A rising plane of nutrition prior to mating increases ovulation rate in pigs (Anderson and Melampy, 1972), but this potential for increased Utter size is negated by the subsequent detrimental effect of high plane feeding on embryo survival. The mechanism underlying this effect may involve an increased rate of steroid clearance from the liver in animals on a high plane of nutrition (Symonds and Prime, 1989). The resultant lower circulating steroid levels would be expected to elevate pituitary gonadotrophin levels and consequently increase ovulation rate. However, after mating, such low steroid (particularly progesterone) concentrations may compromise embryo survival.A further factor which may affect the ability of a gilt to carry a large number of fetuses to term is the spacing of fetuses within the uterus. Dzuik (1985) proposed that a uniform distribution of fetuses would optimise litter size, fetal growth and survival.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document